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The African Continent

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... with reference to the Sahara (the world's largest desert) ... The Sahara Desert Africa's AND the largest desert in the world. Kalahri Desert. Namib Desert ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The African Continent


1
The African Continent
2
The African Continent
  • Africa is the second largest continent
  • a fifth of the earth's landmass
  • divided into 54 different countries
  • the equator cuts the continent's into two nearly
    equal halves
  • generally divided into two regions with reference
    to the Sahara (the world's largest desert)
  • north of the Sahara
  • sub-Saharan region

3
The African Continent
  • landmass largely consists of plateau land
  • plateau can be divided into two regions
  • southeastern portion includes the Ethiopian
    Plateau, the East African Plateau and the
    Drakensberg Range.
  • northeastern portion contains the Sahara Desert
    with the Ahaggar Mountains, and in northwestern
    Africa, the Atlas Mountains
  • Several basins (bowl shaped areas) within the
    plateaus

4
The African Continent
  • there are several mountain ranges in Africa
  • the Atlas Mountains in the northwest
  • Mt. Kilimanjaro is the most well known
  • presence of many rivers
  • the Nile Africa AND the worlds longest
  • Congo River
  • The Niger River
  • The Zambezi River
  • many large lakes
  • Lake Victoria
  • Lake Tanganyika
  • Lake Malawi
  • Lake Chad

5
The African Continent
  • The Ituri Forest
  • a dense tropical rain forest in the northern part
    of the Congo River Basin in the Democratic
    Republic of Congo (formerly Zaire)
  • A desert
  • The Sahara Desert Africas AND the largest
    desert in the world
  • Kalahri Desert
  • Namib Desert
  • The Great Rift Valley
  • runs from the north to the south of the continent

6
The African Climate
  • Alternating wet and dry season
  • Rain is distributed unevenly
  • From less than an inch to more than 80 inches
  • Northern and Southern Hemispheres almost
    symmetrical
  • six general climatic regions
  • Tropical
  • Tropical Wet
  • Tropical Wet and Dry
  • Dry
  • Desert
  • Semiarid
  • Mid Latitude
  • Mediterranean
  • Marine west coast
  • Humid Subtropical
  • Highland

7
The Africa Climate
  • Largest climate zone Tropical Wet and Dry
  • Savanna (grassland) covers almost half the
    continent
  • Home to most Africans
  • Rain is unpredictable
  • Heavy or light
  • Early or late
  • Or not at all drought
  • Desertification is a serious
  • problem
  • Turning semiarid lands into desert
  • Caused by droughts, over grazing and people
    moving onto the land

Dead vegetation in drought-stricken area,
Senegal.
8
The African Vegetation Regions
  • Rain forest
  • Grassland
  • Desert and dry shrub
  • Temperate grass.land
  • Mediterranean shrub

9
Desertification
  • The Tanout, Niger area, situated just south of
    the Sahara desert

10
The African People
  • 12 of the world's population
  • Is large and growing rapidly
  • Second largest and fastest growing in the world
  • More than 1,500 different languages/cultural
    groups
  • In the North (close cultures ties to the Middle
    East)
  • mostly Arabs
  • In the South (Sub-Sahara)
  • Amhara, Mossi, Fulani, Yoruba, Igbo, Kongo Zulu,
    Akan, Oromo, Hausa, and the Masai
  • Europeans due to colonization
  • Africa is sparsely populated in parts
  • Africa has some of the most densely populated
    places on Earth
  • Egypt along the Nile River (95 of Egypts pop.)
  • principal cities of Africa are usually the
    national capitals and the major ports

11
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12
The African Economy
  • Farming
  • Subsistence farming (60) vs cash crop
  • Herding
  • Cattle on the savannas (grassland)
  • fishing
  • Hunting and gathering
  • Very few remain today
  • Mining
  • Gold and diamonds
  • Urban (cities)
  • Along the coast, capital
  • Growing quickly
  • Move for a better life
  • Slums

Himba, nomadic pastoralists, girl herding
goats, Namibia
13
Agriculture and herding in Africa

14
Africas Resources
  • Oil is most valuable
  • Algeria, Kenya, Libya, Egypt, Angola, Nigeria
  • Diamonds
  • 40 of the worlds
  • Gold
  • 50 of the worlds gold
  • Rich in resources

15
Pictures of Africa
16
The NileThe worlds longest river
17
The Sahara
18
Camel Caravan crossing the Sahara
19
Atlas MountainNorthwest
20
Ethiopian Plateau
21
Great Rift Valley
22
Mount Kilimanjaro
23
Lake Victoria
24
Serengeti
25
Flamingoes in Ngorogoro Crater part of the
Serengeti National Park
26
The Masai
27
Congo River
28
The Niger River
29
The Zambezi RiverLake Kariba
30
Victoria Falls
31
Drakensberg MountainsSoutheast
32
Ituri Forestnorthern part of the Congo River
Basin
33
Kalahari Desert
34
Kalahari Desert
35
Kalahari Desert A black-maned lion
36
Okavango Delta an oasis in the Kalahari Desert
37
The Grand Canyon of South AfricaLocated in
Augrabies Falls National Park
38
Augrabies Falls
39
The Great Escarpment in South Africa

40
Africa
  • 54 countries.
  • Over 1000 languages.
  • 797 million people.
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