Research Trend in Farm Machinery Engineering

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• Research Trend in Farm Machinery Engineering

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Scientific Agriculture

• By the 16th century, population was increasing in
  Europe, and agricultural production was again
  expanding.
• By the late 1800s, steam power was frequently
  used to replace animal power in drawing plows and
  in operating threshing machinery.
• Science and technology developed for industrial
  purposes were carried over into agriculture,
  eventually resulting in the agribusinesses of the
  mid-20th century.
• In the 20th century steam, gasoline, diesel, and
  electric power came into wide use.
• Industrial Agriculture introduced

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Recent Changes.

• From a high of 6.8 million farms in 1935, the
  total number declined to 2.1 million in 1991.
• Average farm size in 1935 was about 63 ha (about
  155 acres) in 1991 it was about 189 ha (about
  467 acres).
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• Agricultural Mechanization introduced
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1960 - 1980

• No-tillage agriculture popularized
• More farmers used no-till or low-till methods to
  curb erosion

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1980 -1990

• More farmers began to use low-input sustainable
  agriculture (LISA) techniques to decrease
  chemical applications
• Organic Farming introduced
• Agricultural Automation introduced

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Agricultural Automation

• Precision agriculture and information technology
• Site-specific management the application of
  information technology to crop production
• Possible adoption of precision agriculture for
  developing countries at the threshold of the new
  millennium
• The impact of farm management on value of
  management information systems
• Ethics in computer software design and
  development
• Instrumentation and control
• Computers and electronics in postharvest
  technology
• Introduction of electronics into milking
  technology
• Developments in indoor sustainable plant
  production with emphasis on energy saving
• Integrated control of agricultural tractors and
  implements
• Biosensors developments and potential
  applications in the agricultural diagnosis sector
  
• Modelling

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Outlook for agricultural engineering in
Developing countries

• shift the historical emphasis from 'on-farm
  mechanization' to the development and application
  of new innovations using on-farm agricultural
  automation AND off-farm industries