HYDRAULICS_1

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HYDRAULICS_1

• Design of Irrigation Systems
• by
• László Ormos

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Hydraulics

• Application of Continuity
• As flow is steady
• where
• and

A1
v2
v1
A2
3
Hydraulics

• Flow rate

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Bernoullis Law

• where
• the relative elevation of the water
• the pressure head of the water
• the water velocity head.

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Water Flow in Pipes

• What is the water flow speed? Assuming that the
  water
• flow rate in a pipe having 200mm diameter, is 100
  m3/hrs.
• The water flow rate is converted from meter to
  centimeter units.
• Cross section area of the pipe is the following
• The water flow speed is as follows

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Water Flow in Pipes

• What is the diameter of pipe if the water flow
  rate is 360m3/h
• and the water flow speed is 1 m/sec?
• The water flow rate is converted from meter to cm
  unit
• The water flow speed is converted from meter to
  cm unit

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Water Flow in Pipes

• The pipe cross section area is as follows
• The internal diameter of pipe is

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Water Flow in Pipes

• If the water flow velocity in a 200 mm diameter
  pipe is
• 88.5 cm/sec, then
• What is the water flow rate?
• What will be the flow velocity, if the diameter
  of pipe is reduced by half?
• The cross section area of the two pipes is

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Water Flow in Pipes

• The water flow rate is as follows
• The result changed to m3/hr is

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Water Flow in Pipes

• 4. The water flow velocity in the 100mm diameter
  pipe is as follows
• or

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Water Flow in Pipes

• A 200mm pipe was installed from A to C, and a
  50mm pipe
• was hooked up in between (B).
• What is the water flow rate and velocity out of B
  if the water
• flow velocity between A to B is 1.5 m/sec and
  from B to C is
• 0.9 m/sec?

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Water Flow in Pipes

• The cross section area of the 200mm pipe is
• The cross section area of the 50mm pipe is
• The water flow rates between A to B and B to C
  are as follows
• A to B
• B to C

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Water Flow in Pipes

• The water flow rate out of B is as follows
• 5. The water flow velocity out of B is as
  follows

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References
Azenkot, A.(1998)Design Irrigation System.
Ministry of Agricul- ture Extension Service
(Irrigation Field service), MASHAV Israel Dr.
Avidan, A.(1995)Soil-Water-Plant Relationship.
Ministry of Agriculture Extension Service
(Irrigation Field service), CINADCO, Ministry of
Foreign Affairs, MASHAV, Israel Sapir, E.-Dr. E.
Yagev (1995)Drip Irrigation. Ministry of
Agricul- ture and Rural Development, CINADCO,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, MASHAV,
Israel Sapir, E.-Dr. E. Yagev (2001)Sprinkler
Irrigation. Ministry of - culture and Rural
Development, CINADCO,Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, MASHAV, Israel Eng. Nathan, R.
(2002)Fertilization Combined with Irrigation
(Fertigation). Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development, CINADCO,Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
MASHAV, Israel