Renewable Energy Group Built PPT

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Renewable Energy Group Built PPT

• C Block

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Hydroelectric Power-General Info
The basic idea is to build a dam on a river with
a large drop in elevation. The dam has a water
intake near the bottom and water is pushed by
gravity through the intake. The intake leads
into a turbine moved by the water and connected
to a generator to create electricity.

• One of the greenest and most affordable
  electricity sources
• Emission free energy
• However, can prevent fish from swimming upstream,
  divert natural settings, and completely change
  surrounding ecosystems

http//ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/hyhowworks.html
http//politicalaffairs.net/pros-and-cons-of-hydro
electric-dams
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Hoover Dam Hydroelectric Power Plant, NV USA

• Located near Boulder City, Nevada, on the border
  between Arizona and Nevada.
• constructed from 1931-1936
• built to provide water for agriculture, to
  prevent floods and produce hydroelectric power.
• Outputs 4 billion KW-h (kilowatt hours) annually
• Allows the Colorado River to be controlled,
  provide regular water supply.
• Water enters intake towers to 4 narrowing
  penstocks that funnel water toward the
  powerhouse, then it enters the Colorado River and
  passes through the turbines.

• Does not emit any greenhouse gases and supplies
  renewable energy to much of the US.
• Greenhouse gas emissions released during
  construction.

http//www.panoramio.com/photo/52883588
http//www.enviro-news.com/article/hoover_dam_neva
da.html
4
The Bear Swamp Hydroelectric Generating
Complex(Rowe and Florida, Massachusetts at the
Deerfield River) Constructed in 1968 and
finished in 1974built to meet the expanded peak
load periods when New Englands electricity
consumers place the heaviest demand on the
system. 88 acres big and stores about 1.7
billion gallons of water at 1,600 feet above sea
level. generates electricity from underground
pumped storage and affiliated two conventional
hydroelectric stations. They can produce 600
megawatts of power for up to 6 hours during the
day. Considered a renewable energy source that
is a viable alternative to fossil fuels because
the major generating units are twin, reversible
pump turbines planted deep within the hillside
on the south bank that work in unison.
http//www.berkshireweb.com/sports/comp/bearswamp.
html
http//virtualglobetrotting.com/map/bear-swamp-gen
erating-station/

• "Bear Swamp Project." Bear Swamp Project. The
  Berkshire Web. Web. 22 Mar. 2012.
  lthttp//www.berkshireweb.com/sports/comp/bearswamp
  .htmlgt.

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Tidal Power General Information

• The way that this technology works revolves
  around the tidal barrage. It works similar to a
  hydro-electric scheme, except the dam is much
  bigger in this case. A huge dam (called a
  "barrage") is built across a river estuary. When
  the tide goes in and out, the water flows through
  tunnels in the dam. The ebb and flow of the tides
  can be used to turn a turbine, or it can be used
  to push air through a pipe, which then turns a
  turbine.
• Environmental Pros Reliable (Tides Easy to
  Predict), Renewable (Nothing Consumed)
• Environmental Cons Barrage Building is Harmful,
  Limit on Energy Exuded
• Economic Pros Once the Dam is built, there are
  very limited financial costs for energy.
• Economic Cons Dams cost a great deal of ,
  Might affect water travel/exports-imports
• http//www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/tidal.htm
• http//inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/t
  idal_power.htm

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Rance River Estuary Tidal Power Plant, Bretagne
France

• The Rance River Tidal Power Plant was the worlds
  first tidal power plant and is the worlds second
  largest.
• It was built in 1966 with the help of visionary
  engineer Albert Caquot. The plant cost 94.5
  million euros to build.
• The Tidal Power Plant has helped return sea bass
  and cuttlefish back to the river.
• The initial cost of the power plant has been
  recovered and the tidal power is now being
  produced at 0.02 euro per kWh
• The Rance River Estuary set the standard for
  tidal power plants around the world. The power
  plant uses the natural tides of the Rance River
  to help produce a clean and renewable energy
  source that produces 0.012 of Frances power
  demands.

Sources http//hydroelectric-energy.blogspot.com
/2011/03/rance-tidal-power-plant.html http//www.r
euk.co.uk/La-Rance-Tidal-Power-Plant.htm Picture
http//www.tidalenergy.eu/tidal_barrages.html
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Annapolis Royal River Tidal Power Plant Bay of
Fundy, Nova Scotia, Canada

• This power plant harnesses the extremely powerful
  tides in the Bay of Fundy
• It is the only tidal power plant in the western
  hemisphere
• Underwater turbine
• Cannot be seen, unobtrusive
• Has an opening to allow marine life to pass
  through safely
• Tides are reliable and predictable compared to
  other renewable energy sources
• 1 turbine produces enough electricity to power
  several hundred homes
• Still in its test stages but is very promising
  if successful, more turbines will be implemented

http//openhydro.com/images.html
http//www.nspower.ca/en/home/environment/renewabl
eenergy/tidal/annapolis.aspx
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Geothermal Power-General Information

• Generate electricity
• Form of renewable energy
• Derived from heat deep in the earths crust. As
  groundwater is heated, geothermal energy is
  produced in the form of hot water and steam.
• Environmental pro - operates virtually emission
  free, reduces sulfur emissions, does not require
  miles of buried pipeline to carry fuel to keep it
  running, no coal or nuclear fuel to mine and
  transport, no radioactive wastes or ash wastes to
  deal with, and no emissions of carbon dioxide,
  particulates, or other combustion byproducts.
• Environmental con A geothermal plant is
  enormous causing not many countries are keen in
  exploiting this source of energy. The process
  involved in tapping energy from the ground is
  quite complex as well.
• Economic pro They require no purchase or
  transport of fuel.
• Economic con - high initial costs to drill and
  construct new facilities. But relatively high
  construction costs are paid back because there
  are no fuel costs.

http//www.buzzle.com/articles/geothermal-energy-p
ros-and-cons.html
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Geothermal Hot Dry Rock Project

• In Australia there is currently a well being
  drilled into hot granite. It starts from the
  late Carboniferous to Permian Cooper Basin in
  South Australia. The purpose of the project is
  to extract the heat from the rock to generate
  renewable electricity. It is cost efficient and
  does not use greenhouse gas emissions. There is
  plenty of granite to be drilled and should be
  used for time to come. This should be taken into
  consideration around the world as it is a great
  alternative source.

• Break-even electricity cost is 6.2 cents per kWh
• For large scale the cost can be as low as 4 cents
  per kWh
• The temperature gets up to 240 degrees Celsius
• The granite is medium to coarse grained which
  generates 3 times more heat than normal granite.

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Hellisheioi Geothermal Power Station, Iceland

• It is an active volcanic ridge (remains of a long
  extinct volcano that once was active)
• 2nd largest in the world, located in Hengil,
  Iceland
• Purpose
• to meet increasing demand for electricity and hot
  water space heating in the industrial and
  domestic sectors,
• which is what the plant produces, heat and
  electricity.

• Renewable energy source? . . Yes
• If the resources are used efficiently in energy
  production then that ensures that the volume of
  greenhouse gases that are released will be low
  compared to fossil fuel production.

www.or.is/english/projects/hellisheidigeothermalpl
ant/ -information http//www.flickr.com/photos/thi
nkgeoenergy/4474073436/ -Picture
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Wind Power-General Info

• Wind turbines harness the kinetic energy of wind
  and convert it to ac/dc power through an attached
  generator.
• Environmental Pros green energy, has no
  greenhouse byproducts.
• Environmental Cons Wind farms consume large
  plots of land and can disturb ecosystems.
• Economic Pros The raw material
• (wind) is free and easy to harness.
• Economic Cons Turbines often get
• damaged during thunderstorms
• and require a lot of maintenance.
• http//windturbine.me/prosandcons.html
• http//www.alternative-energy-news.info/technology
  /wind-power/
  http//netketchup.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/w
  ind-turbine5.jpg

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Tehachapi Wind Farm

• California, USA

With about 5,000 wind turbines, it is the second
largest collection of wind generators in the
world and more than three times the size of any
other wind farm in the U.S. The turbines are
operated by private companies, but collectively
produce 800 million kilowatt-hours of
electricity, which is enough to meet the
residential needs of 350,000 people every year. A
state initiative to upgrade the Tehachapi Wind
Farm began in 2008 and is expected to be
completed by 2012. By using wind power as an
energy source instead of coal or gasoline large
amounts of fossil fuels will be prevented from
entering the atmosphere.
http//buildaroo.com/news/article/tehachapi-wind-e
nergy-development/ http//ludb.clui.org/ex/i/CA497
7/
13

Cape Wind Nantucket Sound, MA

• Project to install 130 wind turbines off of the
  coast of Cape Cod.
• Estimated to provide 75 of the Cape and Islands
  electricity needs.
• Will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 734,000
  tons/year
• capable of replacing 113 million gallons of oil
  per year.
• Energy Management Inc. (EMI) is the developer of
  Cape Wind
• Project will begin in 2013 and construction will
  last two years

http//www.capewind.org/article7.htm
--interactive map
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Hibikinada Wind Farm, Japan

• Consumes no fuel emits no air pollution
• 10 turbines, 15 MW total installed power
• Hibikinada expected to generate 35 million kWh,
  enough to supply 10,000 Japanese homes with
  electricity
• Opened in 2003
• A business unit of GE Power Systems
• Located on the southern western coast of Japan,
  about 10 miles west of Kokura City

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Solar Power-General Info

• How it works Sunlight is captured by either
  photovoltaics (sunlight to direct current
  electricity), which are the big panels you see
  most often, or by concentrated solar power, which
  uses mirrors to focus sunlight into a single
  beam.
• Pros Energy stability, energy independence,
  mitigate climate change, reduce carbon footprint,
  positive cash flow.
• Cons High Cost of Installation, availability of
  sun, takes up a lot of land, chance of chemical
  spills.

http//www.bing.com/images/search?qsolarpowervi
ewdetailidDCB0056E360CAF08B6EE9E679FA25667D4485
9B0first31FORMIDFRIR
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Nellis Solar Power Plant

• Basic Info
• LOCATION Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
• COMMISSION DATE December 17, 2007

• System made up of 72,416 solar panels
• Made to support over 20,000 Nellis civilians and
  military personel, all of whom are involved in
  airforce practices.
• The annual energy output for the system is about
  30, 100,000 kWh, powering at the same time around
  13,200 homes per day
• A good demonstration of the Air Forces immediate
  response to the Energy Policy Act of 2005, as
  well as Executive Order 13423.

SOURCES http//www.nellis.af.mil/shared/media/do
cument/AFD-080117-043.pdf http//en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Nellis_Solar_Power_Plant http//www.engadget.
com/2008/02/26/280-megawatt-solar-plant-headed-to-
arizona-desert/ http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File
Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg
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Photovoltaic Cells Homes

• The use of photovoltaic cells can be used as a
  substitute for buying electricity from local
  power plants.
• The cost of running an electrical line to a
  residential home is significantly more than using
  photovoltaic cells.
• Photovoltaic cells help energy demanding
  appliances like TVs, dishwashers, and blow
  dryers.

http//science.jrank.org/pages/5205/Photovoltaic-C
ell-Solar-electric-homes.html
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MA Solar Power Rebate Program

• In Massachusetts, people use the rebate program
  and save .40/Watt. This pushes people to help
  the earth and save money.
• The organization funds money and plants panels
  on many peoples homes and businesss.
• This is a great alternative to fossil fuels
  because it uses the earths sun as the energy
  source, not oil.

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Biomass Power
A renewable energy source made from the
biological material from living or recently
living organisms.

• Can either be used directly or converted into
  other energy products like biofuel.
• Used to generate electricity or produce heat,
  usually by direct combustion.
• Examples forest residues, yard clippings, wood
  chips, municipal solid waste.

• Environmental Pros / Cons
• Renewable resource to replace fossil fuels
• Generates carbon neutral electricity from
  natural organic
• waste
• If used the right way, it can help combat
  global warming
• - The combustion of biomass energy produces air
  pollution
• Using land to grow energy crops is concerning
• - There is no single biomass technology, but a
  wide variety
• of production methods.

? Biomass takes carbon out of the atmosphere
while it is growing, and returns it as it is
burned. ? This maintains a closed carbon cycle
with no net increase in atmospheric CO2 levels.
(unlike fossil fuels)
Economic Pros / Cons Creates more green jobs
for the U.S. Supports local industry and
encourage new investment in rural communities.
http//www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/technology_and_
impacts/impacts/environmental-impacts-of.html http
//www.granitebayenergy.com/biomass.html
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Chariton Valley Biomass Project

• Innovative farming and energy resource located
• at Ottumwa Generating Station, Iowa. The goal of
• the plant is to employ farmers to grow switch
  grass
• (a plant native to the plains of Iowa), and burn
  it
• in a process called co firing, taking energy
  from
• It like one would from coal. The project has
  reached
• the final phases of testing the idea and is
  moving
• into commercial investments.
• The 2nd three month test burn proved the benefits
• of the biomass project as a renewable resource.
  31,568 bales of grass were burned, supplying
  19,607,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity (enough
  to power 1,874 homes)
• 62 tons of sulfur dioxide prevented from being
  put into the atmosphere in comparison to coal
  after one burning.
• Reduced carbon dioxide emissions by 50,800 tons
  in comparison to coal burning
• Also beneficial because growing switch grass
  absorbs carbon dioxide during its lifetime, and
  replenishes the soil with nutrients.
• Economically viable employs plant workers,
  farmers, researchers.
• Information found at http//www.iowaswitchgrass.c
  om/aboutaccomplishments.html

http//insideag.blogspot.com/2007_05_01_archive.ht
m l