Final Project MISEP

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Final ProjectMISEP
Sound Energy

• Angela Maresco
• Grade 7

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Objectives

• Describe how vibrations cause sound waves
• Explain how sound is transmitted through a medium
• Compare the speed of sound in different media
• To simulate a sound wave

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LESSON 1
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Lab Mysterious Magic

• In this lab, the students will investigate sound
  by making some salt move without touching it. Is
  it a mystery? OrIs it science?

OBJECTIVE
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Materials

• 1 rubber band
• 1 piece plastic
• 1 large can
• 1 wood ruler
• 1 small can
• salt

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Procedure

• Pull the plastic tightly over the open end of the
  large can and hold it while your partner puts the
  rubber band over it.
• Sprinkle some salt on top of the plastic.
• Hold the small can close to the salt and tap the
  side of the small can with the ruler.
• Try tapping the small can in different spots or
  holding it in different directions.

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ANALYSIS

• What happens to the salt when you tapped the side
  of the small can with the ruler?
• Find out how you must hold and tap the can to get
  the salt to move the most.
• Explain why the salt bounces up and down and why.

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Summary

• Did you see the salt bouncing up and down? It
  does so because the plastic is vibrating. The
  plastic is vibrating because of the sound waves
  hitting it. Sound is vibrations that travel
  through the air.

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LESSON 2
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Lab Wonderful Waves

• When you start a vibration, it moves out in all
  directions like the ripples in a puddle. This is
  called a sound wave. In this lab, you will
  simulate a sound wave.

OBJECTIVE
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Materials

• 1 flat pan
• 1 paper towel
• 1 toothpick
• water

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Procedure

• Fill the pan half way with tap water.
• Break the toothpick into 3 pieces. Put these
  pieces on top of the water. Make sure they are
  not touching the pan or each other. They will
  represent water molecules.
• Get the paper towel very wet, but not dripping.
  When the water in the pan is still gently
  squeezed, the paper towel so that one drop falls
  in the middle of the pan. You should see ripples.

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Analysis

• Which way do the ripples go when you squeeze the
  paper towel?
• Do the toothpicks move as fast as the ripples?
  Why or why not?
• The ripples move across the water, but the
  toothpicks do not move with them. Just like the
  toothpicks, the molecules do not move with the
  ripples. What is moving and why?

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Summary

• When you ride a bike, you use energy. When you
  clap your hands, you use energy, too. The harder
  you clap, the more energy you use. Also, the
  harder you clap, the louder the sounds. A sounds
  volume is how loud or soft it is. The more energy
  we put into making the sounds, the louder the
  volume.

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CONCEP QUESTION
A sound wave is different than a light wave in
that a sound wave is a) produced by an
oscillating object and a light
wave is not. b) not capable of traveling
through a vacuum c) not capable of diffracting
and a light wave is d) capable of existing with
a variety of frequencies and a light wave
has a single frequency
Sound is a mechanical wave and cannot travel
through a vacuum. Light is an electromagnetic
wave and can travel through the vacuum of outer
space.
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CONCEP QUESTION
Doubling the frequency of a wave source doubles
the speed of the waves. a) True b)
False c) Sometimes
Doubling the frequency will half the wavelength,
speed is unaffected by the frequency.
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CONCEP QUESTION
A sound wave is a pressure wave regions of high
(compression) and low pressure (rarefactions) are
established as the result of the vibrations of
the sound source. These compressions and
rarefactions result because sound a) is more
dense than air and thus has more inertia,
causing the bunching up of sound b) waves have
a speed which is dependent only upon the
properties of the medium c) is like all waves
it is acceptable to bend into the regions
of space behind obstacles d) is able to
reflect off fixed ends and interfere with
incident waves e) vibrates longitudinally the
longitudinal movement of air produces
pressure fluctuations
Since the particles in the medium vibrate in a
longitudinal fashion, compressions and
rarefactions are created.