A New Government!!!!

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A New Government!!!!
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But First

• The Articles of the Confederation
• Last 8yrs
• Gave more power to states then central govt

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Troubles

• Debt
• govt couldnt collect taxes
• no way to get
• couldnt pay back lent for the Amer Rev
• Owed to other countries/private citizens
• Trade
• no wanted to trade with the US b/c Amer
  didnt have power to enforce any laws

• Territorial Issues
• - no1 would give Amer a break over land
• - other nations gave amer nonsense over land
  issues
• - states were fighting each other over
  boundaries

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ACCOMPLISHMENTS

• kept nation together
• negotiated the Treaty of Paris 1783
• ended the Amer Rev
• Created 2 laws
• 1-Ordinance of 1785 sale of public land
• 2-Northwest Ordinance made a plan of how to
  govern new territories

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Tell me.wait dont nah go ahead!

• ppl liked not being told what to do, but wanted
  someone to help run things
• wanted a stronger govt
• farmers couldnt make payments on land were
  losing farms to the bank

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Take off his head!!! (not really)Shays Rebellion

• Daniel Shay (former militia leader) lead a group
  of angry farmers who lost their farms in Mass in
  1786.
• It was easily ended, but opened the doors for the
  discussion of a
• need for stronger central govt.

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Constitutional Convention

• Meant to REVISE the Articles
• Independence Hall in Philly, 1787
• 12 of 13 sent delegates (RI did not )
• 55 ppl (aka founding fathers)
• 1/2 lawyers/1/2 famers-merchants
• George Washington president of the convention
• James Madison Secretary
• no women, Native Americans, or African-Americans

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My way! No, MY way! Hey lets COMPROMISE!!! )

• New Jersey Plan
• all states have equal rep in govt
• Virginia Plan
• rep based on population
• Great Compromise
• divide govt into 2 houses
• 1 upper house senate 2 reps per state
• 2 lower house house of representatives based
  on population
• these make up congress

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Slaves.what to do, what to do?

• South wanted slaves to count
• North did not
• Would mean south had more people in their the
  House
• Three-Fifths Compromise!!!!
• 3 of every 5 slaves count as a person for
  representation and tax purposes
• Everyone some what happysee what happens when
  you work together!

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Issues with Trade.

• Ppl in the North wanted congress to regulate
  trade
• Farmers in the South did not
• feared losing money/slaves
• no regulations until 1808
• Congress decided to tax imports
• regulate interstate and foreign trade

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Preamble
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LETS START OVER!!!!

• Seperation of Powers
• Executive President enforce laws (helped by VP
  assistants) 15 executive depts.- leaders make
  up cabinet
• Legislative Congress make laws, 2 houses
• Senate 100 members
• HoR 435 members (present day )
• Judicial All courts interpret the laws
  Supreme Court (9 justices), 12 appeal courts/94
• districts/ few special courts

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Checks Balances

• Legislative
• check Pres by not giving
• block new/get rid of agencies
• Senate reject treaties (need 2/3 vote to pass)
• reject presidential appointments
• HoR impeach pres, then Senate does
• Check Judicial by creating/abolishing lower
  courts
• impeach federal judges

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Checks Balances

• Executive
• Judicial pardon convicts/appoint judges
• Legislative veto (not sign) a bill
• veto can be overridden by 2/3 vote in both houses
• Judicial
• declare laws unconstitutional, then void them
• Judicial Review declare laws/practices unconst.

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Checks Balances

• Checks on the ppl
• Electoral college (elects pres)
• Judges appointed/senators (used to be appointed)
• HoR 2yr
• Senate 6yr
• Pres 4yr (2 terms in a lifetime)
• Supreme Court life or impeachment

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We want itNo, we dont.Lets talk!

• Federalist
• supported new const
• reg trade/strong govt/help nations prob
• Anti-Federalists
• anti new const
• felt it didnt protect fundamental rights

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Ratifying the Constitution

• 9 of 13 states needed to approve for the new
  govt to take place

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Lets be Flexible!!!

• Articles were to rigid, no way to change with the
  times
• NEW ONE NEEDED TO BE FLEXIBLE!
• Constitution can be changed (amended) in 4 ways
• 1- Proposal by congress (2/3 vote both houses)
• ratified/accepted by ¾ vote of state
  legislature
• 2- 2/3 vote both houses
• ratification ¾ Const Convention in ¾ States
• 3 4 never used.

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Amending the Constitution
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Anti-Feds wanted more rights for the people
protected sooooo

• Bill of Rights (1st 10 amendments)
• created to get anti-federalist to approve the new
  Const.
• restricts const, and grants individual rights

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The Bill of Rights

• 6 Right to a speedy fair trial
• 7 Trial by a jury of your peers
• 8 No Cruel or unusual punishment
• 9 Just b/c its not stated doesnt mean it
  doesnt exist!
• 10 Everything in the Constitution is up to the
  states to interpret

• 1 freedom of religion, press, speech
• 2 right to bare arms
• 3 no housing soldiers
• 4 no illegal search and
• seizure
• 5 right not to
• incriminate one self/ no double jeopardy

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THE END!!!!!!!!!

• Now get ready to do a cheat sheet and have test
  )

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