ALOE VERA

1
ALOE VERA

• ??? ?????? ???? ?????
• ????? ??????? Liliaceae
• ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????. ???? ?-300
  ????? ???????? ???? ????. ??? ??????? ?? ????
  ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????.
• ??????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????
  ??????.

2
ALOE VERA

• ???? ??? ?????? ????, ?'?

????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????
2500 ???. ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??
????. ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?-2000
??? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????? ?????? ????????
?????? ????, ??? ?????? ????? ??????. ?-1935
?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?"?
??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?'? ?? ???????. ???
?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????.
3
ALOE VERA

• ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????
  anthraquinone glycosides ?? 30 ????? barbaloin,
  ???? ???????? ?? aloe-emodin, iso-barbaloin,
  emodin.

Aloe emodin
4
ALOE VERA

• ??'? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????????,
  ????? glucumannans ???????????? ????? ???????
  arabinose, galactose ?- xylose.
• ????? ???????????? ??'? ???? ??? 0.2-0.3, ???'?
  ?????? 0.8-1.2.
• ??????? ????? ???????, ???????, ????????.

5
ALOE VERA

• ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????????????.
• Aloin ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????, ????? ??????
  ????? ?? ???.
• ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ???,
  ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????, ????? ??????
  ?????? ??????????.
• ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???. ????
  ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????.

6
ALOE VERA

• ?- aloe-emodin ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????
  ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???
  ???????. ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????
  ??????.
• ?????????????, ????? ????? ?? ???????????, ?????
  ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????.
• ??????? ??????? ??'? ??????? ????? ????.
• ???? ???? , ???? ??????.

7
ALOE VERA

• ?????? ?????? ?'? ??????? ???? ?????, ????????
  ???, ??????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????
  ??????. ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????,??????
  ???, ?????? ????? ???????, ??????? ??? ?? ??????
  ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????.
• ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??
  ?????. ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???
  ????????, ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????. ?'? ???????
  ???? ?????? ?????? ???.

8
ALOE VERA

• ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?'? ??????
  ??????, ??????, ?????, ?????????, ???? ???,
  ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ????? ????
  ?????? ?????? ?????? ????, ????? ??????? (????
  ?????? ??'? ??? ??????? ?????).
• ????? ?????- ?????? ???, ??"? ??????? ?? ???????
  ????? .

9
ALOE VERA

• ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? , ???
  ?????? ???? ???? 12.
• ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????
  ??????? ?? ????.
• ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????
  ????? ????? ??? ????????.
• ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????,
  ?????????? ?????? ????? ???.

10
ALOE VERA

• ??????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????
  ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??
  ?????????? ?????????.
• ????? ????, 200-100 ?"? ????.
• ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ??????
  ???? ????? 21-19 ?? aloin.
• ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????
  ??????? ?????????. ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????
  ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???.

11
ALOE VERA

• ?????
• Davis RH. Kabbani JM. and Maro NP. Aloe vera and
  wound healing. J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. 81
  473-478, 1991.
• El-Zawahry M. Hegazy MR. and Helal M. Use of Aloe
  in treating leg ulcers and dermatoses. Int. J.
  Dermatol. 12 69-73, 1973.
• Heggers JP. et al. Benefical effects of aloe on
  wound healing in an excisional model. J. Altern
  Complement Med. 2 271-277, 1996.
• Kloch A. Investigations on the laxative action of
  aloinin the human colon. Planta Med. 59 (suppl)
  A689, 1993.

12
ALOE VERA

• Leung AY. Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common
  Natural Ingredients Used in food, drugs and
  cosmetics. Second Ed. A Weley Interscience
  Publication, New York, 1996, pp. 25-28.
• Levin H. et al. Partial purification and some
  properties of an antibacterial compound from Aloe
  vera. Phytother. Res. 2 67-69, 1988.
• Shelton RM. Aloe vera its chemical and
  therapeutic properties. Int. J. Dermatol. 30
  679-683, 1991.
• Vazquez B. et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of
  extracts from Aloe vera gel. J. Ethnopharmacol.
  55 69-75, 1999.

13
Centella asiatica Gotu Kola
????? ??????? Umbelliferae ???? ??? ??????
???? ?? ?? ????.
14
Gotu Kola

• ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????. ??? ????
  ?????? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ??????? ???????,
  ????, ????, ??? ????, ?????, ????? ????. ????
  ???? ????, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????.
• ???? Centella ???? ?-20 ?????, ????? ??????? ???
  C. asiatica .
• ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???
  ???. ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???.
• ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????, ??? ???? ??
  ????.
• ???? ???? ???? Hydrocotyle asiatica, ??????? ???
  ????? ???? ??? ??.

15
Gotu Kola

• ??????? ???????? ????????????? 8-1.1, ????
• asiaticoside, oxyasiaticoside, madecassoside,
  centelloside, brahmoside, brahminoside,
  thankunoside, isothankunoside.

Asiatic acid
16
Gotu Kola

• ????????? ?????? ????? ???????, madecassic,
  centellic, brahmic ?-thankunic.
• ??? ???? ???? 0.6-0.3, ???? ?????, ??????,
  alfa-pinene, p-cymol germacrene.
• ?????? ?????, ???????, ??????, ???????, ?????,
  ??????.
• ????????? beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol
  campesterol
• ?????????? quercetin, kaempferol
• ??????? Ca, Mg, P, Fe, K, Na, Al

17
Gotu Kola

• ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????
  ????? ??? ?????? ????-?????????.
• ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?- 1700 ???? ??????.
  ?????????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????
  ????. ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????.
  ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????
  ??????????, ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????
  ?????.
• ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????
  ????, ?????? ?? ????? ?????.

18
Gotu Kola

• ???? ?-19 ????? ???? ????????? ??????.
• ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????,
  ?????, ????? ???????, ?????, ?????????, ?????
  ???????, ?????, ???, ??-??? ?????? ??????? ??????
  ???????????? ??? ????.
• ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ??????, ?????,
  ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????
  ??????.
• ?????? ????? ?? ???? asiaticoside ???? ???? 1940.

19
Gotu Kola

• ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ?????, ????? ????? ??
  ?????, ????? ?????????? ?? ????, ???? ????????,
  ???? ??????, ???? ????, ????? ????? ?? ???????,
  ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????,
  ????? ?? ???? , ???? ????? ???? ??????????.
• ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????, ????? ?????
  ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???????????.
• Asiaticoside ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????.

20
Gotu Kola

• ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????, ?????? ???
  ?????, ????? ??????????? ??? asiaticoside, ??????
  ?????? ?????? ???????, ????? ?????? ?? ????
  ?????, ?????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ?????
  ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????, ?????? ?????
  ???? ????, ?????? ??????? ?????????, ???? ????,
  ?????? ???, ?????????, ????? ?? ????? ???????,
  ?????? ??????????.

21
Gotu Kola

• ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???-
  ?????? ?? ?????? ?????.
• ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????
  ???-????. ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????,
  ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????.

22
Gotu Kola

• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????
  ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ??
  ???????, ????? ????????? ?- varicose veins.
• ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????
  ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????.
• ???? ????? ???????-??? ????? ???, ???? ?????? ??
  ???????, ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????
  ??????? ????.

23
Gotu Kola

• ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
• ?????? ???? in vitro ?- in vivo ????? ?????
  ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???
  ??????. ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????
  ?? ?????. ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????
  ?????? ????, ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????
  ????? ?? ?????.
• ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????
  ?????, ?? ??????? ?-asiaticoside ?????? ?????.
  ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???
  ??? ????? ???? ?????.
• ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????
  ????.

24
Gotu Kola

• ????? ?? ?????
• ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ???
  ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????????.
• ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????.
  ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???
  ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????, ?? ???????
  ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????.

25
Gotu Kola

• ?????? ?? ????? ??????
• ????? ???? ?????? ??????, ????? ???, ???? ??????,
  ???? ???????.
• ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??
  ?????? ???? ???????, ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????
  ?? ??? ???????????.
• ?????? ???????? ?? ????, ????, ?????? ???????,
  ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.

26
Gotu Kola

• ?????? ???? ???????????
• ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????
  II. ?? ?????? ??? ???????, ????, ???????????,
  Entamoeba ?- Trichoderma.
• ?????? ???? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ?? 1 ?' ??"?
  ???? ?????.

27
Gotu Kola

• ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ??????
  ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????.
• ?????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????.
• ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????.
• ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????.
• ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???
  ?????.

28
Gotu Kola

• ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???????
  ??????? ?? ???? ????, ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ??
  ??????????????.
• ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????????
  ???? ???????.
• TECA- Titrated Extract of Centella asiatica
• TTFCA- Total Triterpenoid Fraction of Centella
  asiatica
• ?????? ??? ?????? 40 asiaticoside
• 30 asiatic acid, 30 madecassic acid.
• ?????? 60-120 ?"? ????.

29
Gotu Kola

• ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? 1-0.5 ?' ???? ?????
  ????
• ???????? 15 10-5 ?"? ????.

30
Gotu Kola

• ?????
• Nalini K. et al. Effect of Centella asiatica
  fresh leaf acqueous extract on learning and
  memory and biogenic amine turnover in albino
  rats. Fitotherapia, 63232-237, 1992.
• Brinkhaus B. Linder M. et al. Chemical,
  Pharmacological and Clinical profile of the East
  Asian medical plant Centella asiatica.
  Phytomedicine 7 427-448, 2000.
• Pointel JP. et al. Titrated extract of Centella
  asiatica (TECA) in the treatment of venous
  insufficiency of the lower limbs. Angiology 38
  46-50, 1987.

31
Gotu Kola

• Belcaro GV. Rulo A. Grimaldi R. Capillary
  filtration and ankle edema in patients with
  venous hypertension treated with TTFCA.
  Angiology, 1 12-18, 1990a.
• Belcaro GV. Grimaldi R. Guidi G. Improvement of
  capillary permeability in patients with venous
  hypertension after treatment with TTFCA.
  Angiology, 4 533-540, 1990b.
• Izu R, Aguire A. et al. Allergic contact
  dermatitis. 26 192-193, 1992.

32
Gotu Kola

• Morriset R. et al. Evaluation of the healing
  tincture activity of Hydrocotyle tincture in the
  treatment of wounds. Phytotherapy Research 1
  117-121, 1987.
• Diwan PV. Karwande I. Singh AK. Anti anxiety
  profile of Manduk Parni (Centella asiatica) in
  animals. Fitoterapia 3 253-257, 1991.

33
Matricaria recutita
34
Matricaria recutita

• ?? ????? German chamomile.
• ????? ??????? Compositae.
• ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????, ?????? ?????-????
  ?????? ?????-???? ????.
• ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????. ????? ?? ???? ?-30
  ?"?. ?????? ???? ??? ???????. ?????? ??????? ???
  ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????. ???? ????.
• ???? ??? ?????? ?????.

35
Matricaria recutita

• ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????,
  ??? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ???????. Chamos ???????
  ????, ?- melos ???? ??.
• ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????,
  ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????.
• ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???, ?????? ??????
  ?? ???? ??????, ???? ??????, ????? ?????????,
  ????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????.

36
Matricaria recutita

• ??????? ??? ???? 2-0.4, ?????? ?- x-bisbolol ??
  50, chamazulene 15-1
• ?????????? ?? 8 - apigenin ?-luteolin
• ??????? ??????????? matricin, matricarin
• mucilage 10, ????? ????????????, ?????? ???????
  ????????, ?????? ???????, ?????, ???????? 0.1
  - umbelliferone ?- herniarin.

37
Matricaria recutita
chamazulene
38
Matricaria recutita

• ?????? ?????????, ????????, ?????????, ????
  ?????, ?????????, ????? ???? ???, ????? ?????? ??
  ???????, ???? ???, ???????, ???? ?????, ?????
  ???????? ?? ????.
• ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????
  ??????? ??????????? ?? ????.

39
Matricaria recutita

• ??????? ????? ???, ?????? ??????? ?? ?????
  ??????, ????? ????, ??????? ?? ????? ??????????,
  ????? ????? ?????.
• ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????,
  ????, ????? ???????, ????? ???? ????? ??????
  ????????, ????? ?? ??? ??????, ?????? ????????
  ????, ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????.

40
Matricaria recutita

• ??????? ??? ???? ??????.
• ?????? ????? ???? ??????.
• ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????.
• ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????.

41
Matricaria recutita

• ????? ?????? ????? 3 ?' ???? ??? ?????? 4-3
  ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.
• ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??
  ??????, ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????.
• ???????? 15 ?- 45 ??????? 15-5 ?"? ????.
• ????? ????, ??? ?? ???? ?????? 10-3.
• ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????.
• ??? ???????? ?? ???? ? 0.4 ??? ???? ????.

42

• ECHINACEA SPP.

43

• Sambucus nigra

44

• Sambucus nigra

45

• ???? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ,????, ?????
  ????.
• ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????
• ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????.
• ??????? ?? ???????, ????????? ????????? ??? ?????
  
• ?????? ????????, ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????.
• ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???.
• ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????.
• ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???
• ??? ????? ?????.
• ????? ???? ???? ??, ????? ????????, ???????,
  ?????
• ?????? ?????.

46

• ???? ????????- sambucine, ????????- ??????????,
• ??????????- ?????, quercetine.
• ?????????- ????? ????????, ????? ?????????.
• ????? ??? ???? ??? ????, ????? ?????? ???????
• ???????, ????? ????? ????????, ???????? ????????.
• ????????? ursulic acid, oleonolic acid, alfa and
• Beta amyrin.
• ?????????? ?????, quercetin, kaempferol, ??????
• ???????, ?????.
• ????? ?????? ????? ?????, ??????, ????????,
  ?????
• ??????, ?????, ?????? C, ?????? B1,B2,B6 ???????
• ???????, ????????????.

47

• ???????
• ????- ?????? ??????, ???? ?? ????????, ??????
  ???????
• ??????, ???, ???????? ???, ????? ??????.
• ?????- ???????? , ????? , ??????, ????? ????
  ??????
• ????????.
• ?????- ?????? ????? ,???????, ????? ????. ??????
• ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????
  ?????,
• ?????? ????, epstein-barr ?????? ??????.

48
Thymus Vulgaris
49
Filipendula
50
????? ???????????

• ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????
  ????? ??????????.
• ???? ????? ???? ???????, carminare ?????, ????.
  ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??
  ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???
  ?????? ???. ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????,
  ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????.

51
????? ???????????

• ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ?? ???
  ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???????.
  ??????????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????.
  ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??? ???
  ?????? ?????? ??? ???.
• ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ?????
  ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?? ??????. ??????
  ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???. ??????
  ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ???????
  ????? ??? ??? ???.

52
FOENICULUM VULGARE
53
FOENICULUM VULGARE

• ?? ???? ???? ????.
• ????? ??????? Umbelliferai ?? Apiaceae
• ???? ??? ?????? ?????, ??? ????
• ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????. ?????
  ?????? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????.
  ?? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????.
  ???? ?????? ????? 1-2?'. ?????? ??????? ???? ??
  ??????. ?????? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?????. ??
  ???? ???? ????????. ????? ?? ????? ????? ???
  ??????.

54
FOENICULUM VULGARE

• ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? 4-6, ?????
  ?-75-50 anethole ??- 33-15 fenchone.

55
FOENICULUM VULGARE

• ????? ??? ???? estragole, alpha-pinene,
  beta-pinene, limonene, alpha-phellandrene,
  camphene ????.
• ??????? ?????? ??????????, ????? ???????,
  ????-???????, ?????,
• ?????? umbelliferone,
• ??????? ??????- stigmasterol.

56
FOENICULUM VULGARE

• ?????? ?????????, ???? ???????, ???? ????????,
  ?????- ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? anethole
  ?-fenchone, ???? ?????, ??? ?????? ??????????,
  ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????.
• ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????, ???? ??? ????
  ???? ????, ?????, ?????? ????? ?????? ????????,
• ?????? ???, ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????, ??????
  ?????? ??????
• ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????- ????????.

57
FOENICULUM VULGARE

• ??????? ??? ???.
• ?????? ????? ???.
• ????? ?????? ????? 7-5 ?' ????????
• ???????? ?? ??? ??? 4-2 ?'
• ???????? 15, 15-5 ?"? ????
• ??????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????.
• ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????.
• ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???.
• ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????.

58
FOENICULUM VULGARE

• ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???.
• ????? ????? ??????, ???? ????, ??????, ??????
  ?????????? ????? ??????????
• ?????? ??? ???? ???????.
• ?????? ??????- ????? ?????? ???????.

59
FOENICULUM VULGARE

• ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????.
• ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????,
  ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???????, ???????? ??????,
• ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????,
• ?????? ???, ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???, ?????? ??????
  ??????.
• ?????? ?????? ???? ????. ?????? ?? ?????? ??????
  ?????? ?????? ??????? ????.
• ????? ?????? ?????? ??????.

60
PIMPINELLA ANISUM
61
PIMPINELLA ANISUM

• ?? ???? ????? ?????.
• ????? ??????? Umbelliferae.
• ???? ??? ?????? ?????.
• ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?- 50?"?.
  ????? ?????? ?????. ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????
  ????.

62
PIMPINELLA ANISUM

• ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? 6-2 ????? ?????
  ????? (94-90).
• ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? anis aldehyde,
  anis ketone, estragol (2).
• ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????
  ??????????, ?????????? .

63
PIMPINELLA ANISUM

• ?????? ???? ???????, ?????, ?????????, ????
  ????????. ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????
  ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????.
• ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????, ???? ???
  ????????, ???????, ?????, ?????? ????? ??? ???
  ??? ?????.
• ??????? ??? ???? ??????.
• ?????? ????? ???? ??????.

64
PIMPINELLA ANISUM

• ??????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????.
• ???? ?????? ?????? 5-2 ?' ??????, 1 ?' ?????? ??
  ??? ???.
• ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????.

65
MELISSA OFFICINALIS
66
MELISSA OFFICINALIS

• ????? ???????, Labiatae, Lamiaceae
• ?? ???? ????? ??????
• ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????,
  ??????, ??? ??? ??????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????,
  ????? ????? ???????. ?????? ????? ??????. ?????
  ?????? ????? ??? ??????. ????? ?????? ??? ???
  ????? ???? ?????.
• ???? ??? ?????? ???? (?????? ???? ??????), ???
  ????.

67
MELISSA OFFICINALIS

• ??????? ??? ???? 0.02-0.8, ??????? ???????
  geranial (citral a), neral (citral b), ctronellal
  ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?- 40-75, linalool,
  geraniol, eugenol, geranyl acetate, methyl
  citronellate, beta- caryophyllene germacrene D
• ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????

68
MELISSA OFFICINALIS

• ??????????, ?????????? ?? ???????, ????????
• kaempferol, quercetin, cynaroside, cosmosiin,
  rhamnocitrine
• ?????? ??????????, ????????.

69
MELISSA OFFICINALIS

• ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????, ?????????,
  ?????????, ???? ?????, ???? ????????, ????
  ??????.
• ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????
  ????? ??????, ???????, ????????, ?????, ??????,
  ??? ???, ???? ???.
• ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????.
• ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????.

70
MELISSA OFFICINALIS

• ??????? ??????, ?????? ?????
• ??????? ??? ?? ?????
• ?????? ????? ?? ?????
• ??????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????

71
MELISSA OFFICINALIS

• ????? ?????? ?????, 1.5-4.5 ?' ???? 3-5 ?????
  ????, ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????
  ?? ??????????.
• ????? ??? 41 ?? 16
• ???????? 15 ?-45 ?? ???????.

72
NepetaCataria