Arvin Antonio V. Ortiz

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Ang Katangian at kahalagahan ng yamang tao ng
pilipinas

• Arvin Antonio V. Ortiz

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Ano ang kaibahan ng dalawang larawan ng pamilya?
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Balangkas ng populasyon ng pilipinas
Populasyon 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Kabuuang Populasyon (sa milyon) 81.9 83.6 85.3 87.0 88.6 90.5
Density 270 276 284 290 295 302
Growth rate (sa porsyento) 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Source Asian Development Bank
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Distribusyon at komposisyon

• 2/5 ng kabuuang populasyon ng bansa o 37.01 ay
  nasa gulang na 15 pababa (NSO, 2000)
• Kalahati ng kabuuang populasyon ng Pilipinas ay
  nasa gulang 21 pababa

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Source US Census Bureau
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Source US Census Bureau
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Source US Census Bureau
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Source US Census Bureau
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Source US Census Bureau
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Epekto ng pagbaba ng tfr (Total fertility rate)

• Total Fertility Rate average number of children
  a woman will bear over her lifetime of
  reproduction (that is, from 14 to 49 years,
  although some would include only those from 15 to
  45 years). More technically, the UN Statistics
  Division defines TFR as the number of children
  that would be born per woman, assuming no female
  mortality at child bearing ages and the
  age-specific fertility rates of a specified
  country and reference period.
• The TFR computation includes not only married
  women, but all women. Hence, since many women
  bear zero or one child, the rest should bear more
  than 2.1 if the population is to be replaced.

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• Fertility levels in the 44 developed countries,
  which account for 19 per cent of the world
  population, are currently very low Fifteen,
  mostly located in Southern and Eastern Europe,
  have reached levels of fertility unprecedented in
  human history (below 1.3 children per woman).
  Since 1990-1995, fertility decline has been the
  rule among most developed countries. (UNPD,
  World Population Prospect)

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EFFECTS OF AGEING POPULATION

• Ageing countries will experience demographic
  winter
• An older national population leads to extreme
  economic burden
• The increasing number of beneficiaries in
  proportion to contributors gradually overburdens
  the pension fund and the social security system
• The labor force will be older, less efficient and
  less capable of learning new procedures and
  equipment with the latest technologies
• Having fewer and older people means a smaller
  market
• The number of children adults in ageing countries
  have to feed has been decreasing in the last
  three decades, hence, parents are able to lavish
  them with more material goods. But little did
  these children know that when they, few as they
  are, become adults 30 years later, they would
  have to care for an immense number of elderly

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BABIES DESPERATELY NEEDED

• 1. Restrict or limit contraception
• 2. Restrict or limit abortion
• 3. Restrict or limit education of girls
• 4. Restrict or limit employment of women
• 5. Facilitate early marriage
• 6. Match making to encourage marriage
• 7. Public relation campaigns for marriage,
  childbearing and parenthood

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• 8. Make child-raising a financial option for
  women (e.g., paid job)
• 9. Strengthen the economic security of motherhood
  within the family
• 10. Paid maternity leave
• 11. Paid paternity leave
• 12. Cash bonus for birth of child
• 13. Cash payments for dependent children
• 14. Prenatal, antenatal health care and
  infertility treatments

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• 15. Infant and child care facilities
• 16. Pre-school and after school care facilities
• 17. Tax benefits or deductions for dependent
  children
• 18. Pensions, social security and elder-care
  services related to childrearing
• 19. Part-time work opportunities for parents
• 20. Flexible working hours
• 21. Shared parental responsibilities between
  mothers and fathers

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• 22. Shared housework among males and females
• 23. Changed traditional roles of males and
  females so men take on more female roles at home
• 24. Preferences for parents with dependent
  children, e.g., priorities in mortgages, housing,
  loans, government services and benefits, etc.
• 25. Political/legal system more responsive to
  couples with children, e.g., granting extra
  voting rights to adults with minor children
• Source J. Chamie, Low Fertility Can Governments
  Make A Difference?, p. 5.

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• France gives as much as 800 Euros for every child
  born.
• In Laviano, the government gives 10,000 Euros for
  every child born.
• Other cities or provinces provide a 200 Euro or
  more monthly subsidy to mothers for every child
  or second child below two years old, financially
  assist corporations to create day care centers in
  their premises, set up match-making agencies for
  young men and women to hopefully find a spouse,
  offer tax breaks and so on. Many advertisements
  today depict pregnant women in a very positive
  way, as if hoping that many others would imitate
  them.

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Leksyon para sa pilipinas

• Tuluyang ibasura ang anumang panukala tungkol sa
  population control
• Gabayan at suportahan ang mga magulang upang
  matukoy ang bilang ng anak na kaya nilang
  palakihin at pag-aralin
• Pagyamanin ang yamang paggawa/ yamang tao sa
  halip na ituring itong hadlang sa kaunlaran

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A countrys standard of living depends on its
ability to produce goods and services.
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human capital, which refers to the skills,
education, health and training of individuals,
comprises around 80 of the wealth of advanced
countries, and hence can be neglected only at
a countrys peril.
? Dr. Gary Becker, 1992 Nobel Prize Winner in
Economic Science
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Simple literacy kakayahan ng isang tao na
bumasa, sumulat, at umunawa ng simpleng mensahe
sa anumang wika o dayalekto.
Rehiyon 1989 1994 2000 2003
Pilipinas 89.8 93.9 92.3 93.4
NCR 98.1 98.8 98.1 99.0
ARMM - 73.5 68.7 70.2
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Mag-aaral sa kolehiyo

• Sa S.Y. 2005-2006, nangunguna ang Medical and
  Allied Courses
• Pumapangalawa rito ang Business Administration at
  sinusundan ng Education and Teacher Training at
  Engineering and Technology
• Simula 2001 hanggang 2006, kapuna-puna ang
  mabilis na pagtaas ng bilang ng mga mag-aaral na
  kumukuha ng Medical and Allied Courses,
  partikular ang nursing

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Ang lakas-paggawa ng pilipinas

• Labor force lakas-paggawa ay tumutukoy sa
  kabuuang bilang ng manggagawa 15 taon at pataas,
  kabilang ang may trabaho, walang trabaho, at
  naghahanap ng trabaho.
• Labor force participation rate tumutukoy sa
  ratio ng kabuuang bilang ng mga taong kabilang sa
  lakas-paggawa kung ihahambing sa kabuuang
  populasyon na may gulang na 15 pataas.

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• Employed mga may gulang na 15 pataas na
  nagtratrabaho.
• Unemployed tumutukoy sa mga pansamantalang
  natanggal sa trabaho, naghahanap ng trabaho, o
  mga nais magtrabaho.
• Underemployed ang mga may trabaho, ngunit hindi
  natutugunan ang kumpletong oras ng paggawa dahil
  sa sariling kagustuhan o dahil sa hindi makahanap
  ng full-time na trabaho.

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Ang lakas-paggawa ng pilipinas mula 2005 hanggang
2009
Oktubre 2005 Oktubre 2006 Oktubre 2007 2008 2009
Total 15 y.o. and over 54,799 55,989 56,845 57,848 59,327
Labor force 35,494 35,806 35,926 36,791 37,969
Employed 32,875 33,185 33,663 34,068 35,121
Unemployed 2,619 2,621 2,263 2,723 2,848
Underemployed 6,962 6,761 6,093 6,575 6,708
Labor force participation rate 64.8 64.0 63.2 63.6 64.0
Employment rate 92.6 92.7 93.7 92.6 92.5
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.3 6.3 7.4 7.5
Underemployment rate 21.2 20.4 18.1 19.3 19.1
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Mga pormula
Populasyon

lakas-paggawawala sa lakas-paggawa
walang trabaho lakas-paggawa
Unemployment rate
x100

may trabaho lakas-paggawa
x100
Employment rate

underemployed lakas-paggawa
Underemployment rate
x100

lakas-paggawa populasyon
Labor force participation rate
x100

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Pagpapaunlad sa kalidad ng paggawa

• Gawing produktibo ang mga tao sa pamamagitan ng

• Edukasyon

• Teknolohiya

• Kasanayan