Heart/Lung Machine

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Heart/Lung Machine

• 007 - The Bond Series
• "You Only Live Twice"
• July 2010

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• HHS H-L-Machine Lesson Flow
• L1 INSPIRES 1 What do students already know
  (Pre Test)
• INSPIRES 2 What is a heart Lung
  Machine? (Tyeshias Heart)
• Students sign onto INSPIRES, Pre-test to
  determine a base knowledge
• L2 INSPIRES 6 - Heart and Circulatory System
  (Comp Sim)
• INSPIRES 9 - Lungs and Respiratory
  System (Comp Sim)
• Create a strong understanding of
  Circulatory and Respiratory systems to fall back
  on during unit.
• L3 INSPIRES 3 - What is the Engineering Design
  Process
• INSPIRES 4 - How are We Going to Move
  Blood (Let It Flow challenge)
• L4 INSPIRES 5 Connecting To The Heart-Lung
  Challenge
• INSPIRES 7 Measuring Blood Flow Rates
  (Lab Calculations)
• L5 INSPIRES 8 Estimating System Volume
• INSPIRES 10 Experiencing Heat Transfer
  P1 (five bottle ices bath test)
• L6 - INSPIRES 10 Experiencing Heat Transfer P2
  (Two bottle ices bath test)
• INSPIRES 12 Computer Simulation to
  Help Design Heart Lung Machine

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• HHS H-L-Machine Lesson Flow
• L1 INSPIRES 1 What do students already know
  (Pre Test)
• INSPIRES 2 What is a heart Lung
  Machine? (Tyeshias Heart)
• Students sign onto INSPIRES, Pre-test to
  determine a base knowledge
• L2 INSPIRES 6 - Heart and Circulatory System
  (Comp Sim)
• INSPIRES 9 - Lungs and Respiratory
  System (Comp Sim)
• Create a strong understanding of
  Circulatory and Respiratory systems to fall back
  on during unit.
• L3 INSPIRES 3 - What is the Engineering Design
  Process
• INSPIRES 4 - How are We Going to Move
  Blood (Let It Flow challenge)
• Discuss engineering challenge criteria.
  Create Target chart and flow chart
• L4 INSPIRES 5 Connecting To The Heart-Lung
  Challenge
• INSPIRES 7 Measuring Blood Flow Rates
  (Lab Calculations)
• Design questions How does flow rate
  effect performance What variables/ controls
  might be effective
• L5 INSPIRES 8 Estimating System Volume
• INSPIRES 10 Experiencing Heat Transfer
  P1 (five bottle ices bath test)
• Heavy math lesson dealing with system
  volume Include one heat transfer experiment
  How can this help in design
• L6 - INSPIRES 10 Experiencing Heat Transfer P2
  (Two bottle ices bath test)
• INSPIRES 12 Computer Simulation to
  Help Design Heart Lung Machine

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H-L-1 Objective Establish a baseline measure of
understanding associated with concepts,
processes, and attitudes related to concepts of
module as we complete pre-test 

• Drill Identify three functions of the human
  circulatory system

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Instructional Tools

• Engineers Journal - 
•     -Left Hand Entries - Information that is
  important for supporting understanding of
  challenge including
•         -Key scientific Facts
•         -Engineering Design Process
•         -Research Data (activities)
•         - Math Formulas
•     - Right Hand Entires - Design decisions
• K-W-L Chart (Know -Want to know - Learned)
•     Chart is set up as follows Know    Want To
  know    Learn

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Team Members

• Michael Dodd-o  AKA  Roger Moore
• Brea Pearl  AKA  Dr. Christmas
• Kathy Setzer  AKA Jinx
• Zach Wiseman AKA  Sean Connery

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HL2 - Objective Introduce 'Heart - Lung Design
Challenge' through a series of activities
designed to provide connections to every day life 

• Drill A 'Heart - Lung machine' is used during
  open heart surgery. Identify three functions a
  Heart lung machine must perform

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Challenge and Needs

• Challenge
•     We must create a machine that mimics a
  heart-lung system
• Needs
•     This machine is necessary to perform the
  functions of the hearts and lungs for surgeries.
  When a surgeon repairs a heart it is necessary to
  stop the heart to make the repair but the body
  must still receive oxygen to the survive.

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Criteria                      Constraints

• Set up within 5 minutes
• Process blood in 15 minutes with a continuous
  flow
• Must cool the blood to a temperature between 5 C
  and 8 C
•  Minimimal leakage
• Flow rate must be within 3 - 5 liters/min
• Reservoir must hold at least 750ml

• Machine must cost less than 50
• Size is less than 4ft x 2ft
• Maximum volume cannot exceed 1.5L

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Background Information

• Features of the Heart /Lung Machine
• must remove blood from the patient and return the
  blood to the body for cellular use
• you are essentially stopping the patients' heart
  and using the machine to keep them alive
• the machine cools the blood and adds oxygen
•  the Rollerhead acts like the heart and pumps the
  blood into a resevoire.
• the heart lung machine controls body temperature
  by adding water into the oxigentator to
  manipulate.

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Physiology of the Heart and Circulatory System

• Comprised of the heart and blood vessels
• Functions
• moves nutrients and oxygen to places in the body
  where they are needed
• removes these substances from places where they
  are not needed
• these substances are delivered by the blood which
  is flowing through the blood vessels (act as
  highways to transport throughout the body)
• heart is the pump that pushes the blood
• 2 parts of the system work together
• pulmonary circulation (carries blood between
  heart and lungs)
• systemic circulation (carries blood between heart
  and rest of the body)

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Physiology of Circulatory System Cont.

• Arteries carry blood away from the heart
• veins carry blood toward the heart
• cappullaries - smalles blood vessels - all
  exchange nurtients via these

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Create a K-W-L chart which will be used and
modified during entire Unit

• Know                        Want To Know      
                   Learn
• H-L machine takes            Maximum amount of
  blood            To prevent leak go small
• over function of heart        can be removed from
  the              to large tube
• and lungs during                body
• open heart surgery
• Student add responses to chart.

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The following slides are objective and drill
questions to start each lesson

•  

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HL3 - Objective Assess the various steps of the
'Design Cycle' using information from worksheet
to recognize importance of utilizing a rational
systematic approach to problem solving.

• Drill Explain three 'performance criteria' or
  'design constraints' associated with the Heart -
  Lung Challenge  

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Lesson 3 What is the engineering design
processHand out Design Cycle Worksheet
Heart-Lung-System Solving Problems with the
Engineering Design ProcessAnswer following
questions during discussion-Why is it important
to use a systematic approach to design-Describe
each sep in the process (in your words,
interpretation)- Why do you think the design
process was set up as a loop?-Look at step one
of the loop, based on our design challenge, what
is the answer to the 4 guiding questions.-Turn
to the 'Communicate Outcomes' and answer the
questions 
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HL4 - Objective Analyze factors impacting 'fluid
flow' through the design, construction and
testing of an apparatus to transfer water between
two locations.

• Drill Identify three variables that affected the
  volumetric flow rate of your fluid transport
  system

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Lesson 4 LET IT FLOW - Move Around BloodHand
out The INSPIRES Curriculum Heart-Lung
SystemLet It Flow!!! Engineering ChallengeSet
up a 'Design Brief' (as below) and Answer the
categories -Goal (of model)                    
                                      .-Design
Criteria (design specs)                          
       .-Design Constraints (Limitations,
restrictions)           . - Materials          
                                                 
          .-Evaluation                          
                                          . 
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HL5 - Objective Evaluate  new background
information to make connections between 'Let It
Flow ' challenge to Heart Lung Machine 

• Drill What information from Let IT Flow
  challenge  can be applied to Heart Lung MAchine  

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Lesson 5 Heart-Lung Challenge presentationHand
out Communicate Solution - Report RubricBefore
passing out Report Rubric discuss -How did the
'Let it Flow' challenge relate to our design
target?-Identify/Define how you used the
engineering design loop to create the 'Let It
Flow' machine-What is an artifact?Each team
will need to bring in artifact related to the
project and be ready to identify the following -
What is the object, how does it relate to unit of
study,                                          
                             Think about (or turn
to) Design Loop... What is step 2 of process.Why
does the blood need to be pumped and
oxygenated?What would happen if the blood were
not pumped and/or oxygenated. 
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HL6 - Objective Gain a deeper understanding of
importance of Heart Lung Machine as we use
information from the 'Introductory Hear Lung
Activities...' to gain insights regarding
components and processes of cardiovascular system
 

• Drill What two functions do the lungs perform as
  related to circulatory system?  

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Lesson 6 Physiology of heart circulatory
systemHand out Drawing of Circulatory
System (Pulmonary Systematic)During this
lesson we will- Present Artifact - Explain how
artifact relates to Let It Flow challenge?-Where
are we in the Design process today?-Update our
KWL chart    - What do you know about the
circulatory system?    - What do you want to
know about the circulatory system?    - What
have we learned about circulatory...anything in
KWLDefine/describe pulmonary circulation,
Systematic circulationDefine/ Describe arteries,
veins, and capillariesWhat is the function of
the heart in the circulatory systemContinue
class questions on next slide
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Lesson 6 Physiology of heart circulatory
systemHand out Drawing of Circulatory
System (Pulmonary Systematic) Continuation of
During this lesson we will- Sketch a drawing of
the circulatory system including the heart and
lungsActivity - Heart as Pump-Explain the
advantage and disadvantages of the turkey baster,
hand pump and centrifugal pump.- HOW ARE THE
PUMPS RELATED TO THE PROJECT- WHY IS IT
IMPORTANT TO KNOW HOW A PUMP WORKS?- WHAT IS THE
FUNCTION OF A ONE WAY VALVE IN A PUMP?
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HL7 - Objective Apply data gathered in pump
experiments as the formula numbers for
calculating volumetric flow rate and velocity.   

• Drill How do the definitions for the terms SPEED
  and VELOCITY differ.  

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Lesson 7 MEASURING FLOW RATESHow does todays
artifact relate to the lesson on pumps?How does
the pump relate to the design challenge? --gt
Which pump will move more water in 10
seconds?Formulas  Q volumetric flow rate
volume/time    30ml/15sec 2ml/secCHART  
GROUP 1                    GROUP 2              
           GROUP 3            .             
VOLUME  TIME    Q     VOLUME   TIME    Q        
 VOLUME  TIME   Q  RUN 1                       
                                                 
                               .   RUN 2    RUN
3Did your prediction math the data?How would
you increase or decrease the volumetric flow rate
for each pump?
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HL8 - Objective Analyze the variables for
measurement and calculation of a system as
students recognize / utilize several geometric
formulas (including rectangular prism and
cylinder) .   

• Drill Identify the formulas for calculating the
  following formulas
• CUBE
• CYLINDER
• TRIANGULAR PRISM

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Lesson 8 Estimating System VolumeHand out
Determine the Total Volume (in liters)... Essenti
al Questions    How would we calculate the
volume of various objects     (students are
given a plastic cube, cylinder, etc)- Student
presents artifact of the day- How much blood is
in the human body ?  /- 5L- How much blood can
patient lose before risk of death?               
                 .         30 of 5L 1.5 L-
Why is this information important to our design
challenge? (one constraint is system max volume
of 1.5L)- Where are we in design
loop?Chart  PREDICT    OBSERVE    EXPLAIN
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HL9 - Objective Apply insights regarding
cellular metabolism to the importance of cooling
the blood in a Heart - Lung system during surgery
  

• Drill Explain how Velocity and Flow Rate,
  covered in lesson 7, correlate to the human body.
•  How about the H-L-Machine 

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Lesson 9 CELLULAR METABOLISMCONNECTION BETWEEN
ARTIFACT AND LESSON 8 AND THE DESIGN
CHALLENGE  Why does the Heart - Lung Machine
need to cool the blood? Why do we need to have
blood cooled during surgery?
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HL10 - Objective Analyze results of two
activities involving cooling of water bottle in
order to begin to understand relation of heat
transfer  and to visualize heat transfer.

• Drill Identify the volume of
• CUBE Height of 5cm, length of 5 cm, 5 cm
• how many ml  of water will this hold

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Lesson 10 Experiencing Heat TransferCONNECTION
BETWEEN ARTIFACT AND LESSON 9 AND THE DESIGN
CHALLENGE The volume of a 5 x 5 x 5 cm cube is
125cm3 1) Explain how the term 'METABOLISM'
relates to the human body. 2) Why is it
important for the blood temperature to be
lowered, by 5 - 8 degrees celsius, during open
heart surgery.
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Lesson 10 Experiencing Heat Transfer 1)
Explain how the term 'METABOLISM' relates to the
human body. Chemical reaction that occurs with-in
cells to support life.2) Why is it important
for the blood temperature to be lowered, by 5 - 8
degrees celsius, during open heart surgery.
Reducing blood temperature 5-8 degrees celsius
reduces metabolism and body reactions without
causing damage from cold (severe hypothermia)
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSON- Students
will be working in pairs.- Each group will need
to Login- A major goal of this on-line lesson is
to make connections between what they learn on
computers, hands on activities, and the Hear-Lung
machineHome gt     My Page gt         2010
Summer PD Institute gt             A Heart-Lung
System Case Study gt                  Content
Lesson 
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSONReview
information pertaining to design loop as you read
through first three slides of tutorial. Be sure
to pause when you get to Stop Sign.Why is
COMMUNICATION in the center of the loop?What
step do you feel we are currently in of the
design loop?What side of notebook should
questions be on...why?  
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSONSTOP1 -
DISCUSS THE RESULTS OF THESE QUESTIONSWhy is
COMMUNICATION in the center of the loop?What
step do you feel we are currently in of the
design loop?DURING THE NEXT SECTION OF SLIDES
ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS-What are three
functions of the H-L machine discussed?- What
circulatory function is not discussed?-In your
own words, explain how the lungs exchange CO2 for
O2 Be sure to Pause at STOP 2 
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSONSTOP -
DISCUSS THE RESULTS OF THESE QUESTIONS-What are
three functions of the H-L machine discussed?-
What circulatory function is not discussed?-In
your own words, explain how the lungs exchange
CO2 for O2DURING THE NEXT SECTION OF SLIDES
ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS-In your own
words explain VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE- Besides
controlling speed of pump, how else can we
control Volumetric Flow Rate Be sure to Pause
at STOP 3 
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSONSTOP -
DISCUSS THE RESULTS OF THESE QUESTIONS-In your
own words explain VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE- Besides
controlling speed of pump, how else can we
control Volumetric Flow RateDURING THE NEXT
SECTION OF SLIDES ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS - Explain Thermal Conductivity-
Explain how materials effect Thermal
ConductivityBe sure to Pause at STOP 4 
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSONSTOP -
DISCUSS THE RESULTS OF THESE QUESTIONS- Explain
Thermal Conductivity- Explain how materials
effect Thermal ConductivityBefore continuing
with the Online Activity we will observe a
demonstration on how materials effect  thermal
conductivity.page 42 We'll start the
experiment then gather in our groups to begin a
Predict - Observe - ExplainBe sure to Pause
at STOP 4 
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSON How
materials effect  thermal conductivity.page
42  Predict - Observe - ExplainWhat was
observed?   Were student predictions supported
or not supported?  What have you learned about
the different materials?  What do the results
suggest about how easily heat transfer occurs
through the different materials (including
air)?  If you want to increase the rate of heat
transfer, do you have any ideas how you can do it?
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Lesson 10 Heat TransferONLINE LESSONSTOP -
DISCUSS THE RESULTS OF THESE QUESTIONS- Explain
Thermal Conduction- Explain how materials effect
Thermal ConductivityDURING THE NEXT SECTION OF
SLIDES ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS -
Explain Thermal Convection- Explain how
materials effect Thermal Convection?Be sure to
Pause at STOP 5 
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HL11 - Objective Participate in computer
tutorial in order to increase ability to
visualize how temperature differences serve as
the mechanism driving the heat transfer process
in the human body.

• Drill What variables were involved in the
  ability of the water in the 'cooling baths'
  change temperature?

42
INSPIRES Program - HL11 - Objective Participate
in computer tutorial in order to increase ability
to visualize how temperature differences serve as
the mechanism driving the heat transfer process
in the human body.

• Drill 

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Lesson 11 Online Heart-Lung systemCONNECTION
BETWEEN ARTIFACT AND LESSON 10 AND THE DESIGN
CHALLENGE1) Explain how the term 'METABOLISM'
relates to the human body.2) Why is it
important for the blood temperature to be
lowered, by 5 - 8 degrees celsius, during open
heart surgery.  Why does the Heart - Lung
Machine need to cool the blood? Why do we need
to have blood cooled during surgery?
44
HL12 - Objective Participate in computer
tutorial in order to increase ability to
visualize how temperature differences serve as
the mechanism driving the heat transfer process
in the human body.

• Drill What variables were involved in the
  ability of the water in the 'cooling baths'
  change temperature?

45
HL14 - Objective Create/Update a journal
describing original idea modifications (with
justification) as we work on H-L machine in order
to have documentation of our modeling process

• Drill Create a flow chart placing the project
  targets in the order your model will be set up.
• The Engineering Design loop is a type of flow
  chart

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• Drill Create a flow chart placing the project
  targets in the order your model will be set up.
• Identify what object of your physical model will
  address each of the flow chart steps.
• Before you start modeling,
• Look at your plans for yesterday
• Calculate the total volume.
• Explain how your cooling mechanism will work.
• Identify possible modeling issues you foresee

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HL13 - Objective 

• Drill