Importance of Adequate and Balanced Nutrition

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Importance of Adequate and Balanced Nutrition

• Dr. Biplab K. Nandi
• Former Senior Food and Nutrition Officer
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the
• United Nations
• President, Society for Nutrition, Education and
  Health Advancement, Kolkata (SNEHA), India
• ILSI-India Conference on Managing Sweetness,
  Delhi
• 17 September 2009

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Overview

• Food and Nutrition Security
• WFS and MDGs
• Key to Balanced Nutrition
• Nutritional SituationAsia and World
• Double Burden of Malnutrition
• Food Based StrategiesDiversified Food Basket
• FAO Projects in support of Balanced Nutrition
• Concluding Remarks

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Food and Nutrition Security

• Four Dimensions of Food Security
• Nutritional Security
• Household Food Security

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WFS and MDGs

• WFS
• MDG 1 and other 7 MDGs

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Millennium Development Goals

• Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Achieve universal primary education
• Promote gender equality and empower women
• Reduce child mortality
• Improve maternal health
• Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
• Ensure environmental sustainability
• Development a global partnership for development

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Four Key to Balanced Nutrition

• Food Based Dietary Guidelines
• Macronutrients
• Micronutrients
• HydrationSafe drinking water
• Plate MethodFor portioning daily diet

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Suggested Portioning of Diet

• 50 of total calories from CHO
• 20 of total calories from fats
• Emphasis on Monounsaturated fats olive, saffola
  etc.
• Green Leafy Vegetables
• Assorted Vegetables
• Fruits
• 6-8 glasses of water
• Protein (more of milk and milk products and
  pulses)
• FishHighly Recommended
• Whole grains (Brown rice)

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Important Considerations

• Access to safe and adequate nutritious Foods
• Four dimensions of Food and Nutrition Security
• Dietary Diversification and Food based approach
• Balancing Calories and Consuming Wide Variety of
  Foods
• Food for Balanced Nutrition and Health
• Promoting Nutrition, right from the childhood
• Life Cycle Approach

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FAOs Mandate (founded in 1945)
Raise levels of nutrition and standards of
living Improve agricultural productivity Bette
r the conditions of rural populations Contribute
to the expansion of the worlds economy
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Prevalence of undernourishment
Source FAO, SOFI, 2008
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Prevalence of undernourishment, South Asia
(Data NA for Bhutan, Maldives)
Source FAO, SOFI,2008
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World Nutrition Situation

• IDA affects more than 3.5 billion people
• VAD 3.3 million U5s with clinical VAD and 75-140
  million U5s with sub-clinical VAD
• IDD 740 million people affected by goitre

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Global Malnutrition SituationA Paradox

• FAO 848 million undernourished
• WHO 300 million obese adults
• and
• 115 million people in developing
  countries suffering from obesity-related
  conditions

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Double Burden of Malnutrition

• A real Paradox
• Undernutrition
• Diet related chronic diseases due to over
  nutritionDiabetes, CHD, Some forms of Cancer
• Managing both through diet
• Adequate and Balanced Nutritionthe key
• Physical Activity
• Healthy Lifestyle

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ICN, WFS and Millennium Summit

• ICN World Declaration of the Plan of Action for
  Nutrition including combating Hidden Hunger led
  to developing National Plans of Action for
  Nutrition (NPANs)
• International Alliance Against Hunger (IAAH)
• MDGs included nutrition and health as one of the
  cornerstones of development.
• Greater investment in nutrition linked
  agriculture and development strategies leads to
  improved health, in particular, has beneficial
  effects on next generation.

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FAO projects and Lessons Learnt in Asia

• Bangladesh
• Bhutan
• Cambodia
• China
• India
• Indonesia
• Lao PDR
• Nepal
• Philippines
• Sri Lanka
• Thailand
• Viet Nam

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Role of FAO in support of food based strategies

• Facilitates process for promoting supply, access
  and consumption of adequate quantity and quality
  of safe foods
• Primarily advocates dietary diversification and
  fortification
• Recognizes need for broad based supplementation
  (high risk areas) and public health measures
• Improve both micronutrient and overall
  nutritional status

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Share of food groups as percentage of
DES(kcal/caput/day)
Adapted from FBS, 2001
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Recommendations and Conclusions

• Promote Nutrition Orientation to Food Production
  by incorporating nutrition considerations into
  development policies and programmes and
  agriculture in particular, including poverty
  reduction strategies
• National Food and Agriculture Policy to
  aim/strengthen achievement of balanced production
  and availability of a range of diverse foods

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Adequate and Balanced Nutrition

• Farm and not Pharmacy, approach
• Diversified Food Basket for Balancing Calorie
  Intake and Dietary Diversification

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Concluding Remarks

• Reference to National RDA and Food Pyramid
• Limiting Sugar Intake
• Eating more Whole Grains
• Avoiding Trans fats
• Limiting Saturated Fat Intake
• Eating 20 to 35 of daily calories from Fats
• Consuming monounsaturated and poly unsaturated
  Fats
• Ensuring Safety of Foods

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An Old Chinese Proverb

• REGARDLESS OF WHO THE FATHER OF A DISEASE
  IS
• SURELY ITS MOTHER IS
• IMPROPER DIET

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Another Saying

• Let Food be Our Medicine

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Contact

• nandi.biplab_at_gmail.com
• President
• Society for Nutrition, Education and Health
  Advancement (SNEHA) Kolkata, India

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• THANK YOU
• For Your Kind Attention