Oesophagus

1
Oesophagus
Normal

• What radiologic studies can be used to image the
  esophagus ?
• Investigations
• Barium Swallow.
• CT and MRI
• Endoscopic ultrasound
• Questions
• 1. What is this investigation ?
• 2. Describe the radiological findings.
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?

Oesophageal Varices

• 1. What is the radiographic appearance ?
• There are multiple submucosal filling defects in
  a barium filled esophagus
• in AP view.
• 2. What is this investigation ?
• Ans Barium Swallow
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Ans esophageal varices.

2
Oesophageal Benign Stricture

• 1. What is the investigation ?
• Barium Swallow .
• 2. What is radiological appearance ?
• What are the radiological findings in this
  film ?
• Long stricture of esophagus with smooth outline
  and dilated
• funnel shape upper end in AP view of barium
  swallow..
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Oesophageal benign stricture.
• 4. What is the common cause of benign esophageal
  stricture ?
• Corrosive ingestion.

Carcinoma of Oesophagus

• 1. What is the investigation ?
• Barium Swallow
• 2. What is radiological appearance ?
• What are the radiological findings in this
  film ?
• Narrowing of lumen of the esophagus with
  destruction of mucosa and irregular outline with
  sharp shoulder edges and dilated upper part of
  the esophagus in A.P view of the barium swallow.
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Carcinoma of esophagus

Achalasia

• 1. What this is Investigation ?
• Barium Swallow
• 2. Describe the radiological features of this
  film.
• Dilated smooth outlined barium filled esophagus
  with narrow tapering lower end of the esophagus
  with smooth outline and absence of fundal gas in
  stomach. .
• ( Rat Tail or Bird Beak Deformity)
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Achalasia
• 4. A beaked distal esophagus indicates what
  disease ?
• Achalasia.

Achalasia
3
Stomach,Duodenum and Small Intestine.

• Investigations
• Plain x-ray of abdomen ( supine erect).
• Barium meal barium follow through.
• Gastrografin meal and follow through.
• Enteroclysis ( Small bowel enema).
• CT Scan MRI
• Ultrasound abdomen
• Endoscopic ultrasound.
• Radionuclide imaging.

Hiatus Hernia

• Hiatus hernia
• Herniation of a portion of fundus of stomach
  through the oesophageal hiatus.
• 1. What this is Investigation ?
• Barium Meal
• 2. Describe the radiological features of this
  film.
• Herniation of portion of fundus of stomach
  through the oesophageal
• hiatus seen above the left dome of the
  diaphragm in chest in AP view of barium meal .
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Hiatus Hernia

Congenital Duodenal Atresia

• 1. What is this investigation ?
• Plain x-ray of chest and abdomen of a infant.
• 2. Describe the radiological appearance of
  abdomen ?
• Double Bubble appearance of gas distended stomach
  and duodenum
• with absent gas in the rest of the
  intestine .
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Congenital Duodenal Atresia.

4
Gastric Ulcer

• 1. What this is investigation ?
• Barium Meal A.P View
• 2. What are radiological findings in the barium
  meal ?
• There is a ulcer crater with radiating mucosal
  folds seen in the body
• of the stomach.
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Gastric Ulcer.

Duodenal Ulcer

• 1. What this is investigation ?
• Barium Meal ( oblique view)
• 2. What are radiological findings in the barium
  meal ?
• There is a ulcer crater in the duodenal bulb.
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Duodenal Ulcer.

Duodenal Perforation

• 1. What this is investigation ?
• Erect plain x-ray abdomen .
• .
• 2. What are radiological findings ?
• There is air below the domes of the diaphragm in
  erect film of
• abdomen...
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Perforation of Duodenal Ulcer.
• Abdominal viscous perforation

5
Large Intestine ( Colon)

• Investigations
• Plain x-ray of abdomen ( supine erect).
• Barium Enema.
• Gastrografin Enema.
• Ultrasound abdomen..
• Rectal ultrasound.
• CT and MRI.
• Radionuclide Imaging.

Intestinal Obstruction

• 1. What this is investigation ?
• Erect plain x-ray of abdomen.
• 2. What are radiological findings ?
• There are multiple intestinal air fluid level in
  erect film of abdomen.
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Intestinal Obstruction..

Diverticulosis of Colon
Definations. Diverticulum A cicumscribed pouch
or sac of variable size occurring normally or
created by herniation of the lining mucous
membrane through a defect in the muscular coat
of tubular organ. Diverticula Pleural of
diverticulum. Diverticular pertaining to or
resembling a diverticulum. Diverticulosis the
presence of diverticula in absence of
inflammation. Diverticulitis Inflammation of a
diverticulum. Diverticular disease
diverticulosis plus diverticulitis.
6
Diverticulosis of Colon

• 1. What this is investigation ?
• Barium Enema
• 2. What are radiological findings ?
• There are multiple out-pouching of variable sizes
  from the wall of descending and sigmoid colon.
• 3. What is your diagnosis ?
• Diverticulosis of colon..