Chapter 2 Quiz

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Chapter 2 Quiz

• The Research Enterprise in Psychology

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Dont forget to write your answers on a separate
piece of paper to grade when youre done!

• 1. Organized sets of concepts that explain
  phenomena are
• a) independent variables
• b) dependent variables
• c) hypotheses
• d) theories

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• 2. Students will be able to read a statement
  printed in the Comic Sans font faster than the
  same statement written in the Lucida Calligraphy
  font.
• The previous statement is a(n)
• a) hypothesis
• b) theory
• c) replication
• d) operational definition

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• 3. A theory is
• a) a tentative statement about the
  relationship between two or more variables
• b) a system of interrelated ideas used to
  explain a set of observations
• c) a statement of research results that have
  been proven to be correct
• d) a preliminary proposal that has yet to be
  tested

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• 4. Theoretically, random assignment should
  eliminate
• a) sampling error
• b) the need to use statistics
• c) concerns over validity
• d) many confounding variables

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• 5. When subjects in the experimental group put a
  puzzle piece in the wrong place, the experimenter
  unconsciously winced. The experimenter did not
  wince when subjects in the control group put a
  piece in the wrong place.
• The wincing of the experimenter must be
  eliminated because it is
• a) fraudulent
• b) a demand characteristic
• c) a confabulation
• d) a confounding variable

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• 6. The two basic types of statistics are
• a) descriptive and inferential
• b) central tendency and variability
• c) sampling and correlative
• d) parametric and nonparametric

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• 7. Of the following, which research method is
  most effective for studying unusually complex or
  rare phenomena?
• a) controlled experiment
• b) surveys
• c) naturalistic observation
• d) case study

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• 8. Of the following, which research method would
  be most appropriate for investigating the
  relationship between political party membership
  and attitude toward the death penalty?
• a) controlled experiment
• b) naturalistic observation
• c) test
• d) survey

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• 9. Of the following, the strongest positive
  correlation would most likely be shown between
• a) an adults weight and running speed
• b) close friendships and happiness
• c) sense of humor and years of education
• d) visual acuity and salary

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• 10. John wants to study the effects of alcohol
  on the behavior of college students. For his
  study, he spends 5 hours every night for 2 weeks
  at a bar near a college watching how the patrons
  act before and after drinking alcoholic
  beverages. The research method John is employing
  is a
• a) controlled experiment
• b) survey
• c) test
• d) naturalistic observation

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• 11. What is the median of the following
  distribution 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
• a) 4
• b) 5
• c) 5.5
• d) 6

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• 12. Of the following, the correlation
  coefficient that indicates the strongest
  relationship between the two variables being
  measured is
• a) 0.65
• b) -0.89
• c) 0.00
• d) 3.45

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• 13. Inferential statistics help us determine
  whether ________ played a role in an experiment
• a) chance
• b) a dependent variable
• c) a normal distribution
• d) genetics

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• 14. Placebo effects occur when
• a) the sample is not representative of the
  population
• b) two variables are confounded
• c) subjects are influenced by the social
  desirability bias
• d) due to their expectations, subjects
  experience some change from a
  nonexistent or ineffective treatment

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• 15. Which set of concepts is NOT a closely
  related set?
• a) mean, median, mode
• b) method, results, discussion
• c) experiment, independent variable,
  control group
• d) correlation, sample, journal

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Chapter 2 Answer Key

• 1. D
• 2. A
• 3. B
• 4. D
• 5. D
• 6. A
• 7. D
• 8. D
• 9. B
• 10. D

• 11. B
• 12. B
• 13. A
• 14. D
• 15. D

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Essay Question Possibilities!!

• One of the following essay questions will appear
  on your test, be familiar with all of them!!

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Essay Question 1

• Design a simple experiment to investigate the
  effects of television violence on childrens
  aggressive behavior, being sure to identify the
  independent and dependent variables, and the
  experimental and control groups.

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Essay Question 2

• Design a simple descriptive/correlational study
  to investigate the relationship between
  television violence and childrens aggressive
  behavior.

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Essay Question 3

• What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of
  descriptive/correlational research as opposed to
  experimental research? Under what conditions
  would a psychologist choose one method as opposed
  to the other?

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Essay Question 4

• What is the difference between a positive and a
  negative correlation? List some specific
  variables that you predict would be positively
  correlated, and variables that would be
  negatively correlated, with alcohol consumption
  by college students.

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Essay Question 5

• How do you feel about the use of animals as
  research subjects in psychological studies? Back
  up your position with evidence.

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Good Luck!

• Make sure to double check all of your answers and
  study them for the upcoming exam. Remember, AT
  LEAST FIVE of the questions from this quiz will
  make some sort of appearance on the chapter test
  along with one of the essay questions.
• Take advantage of this study guide and good luck
  on your test!