Gender Differences in Other Countries

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Gender Differences in Other Countries
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Gender Differences in Other Countries

• Measures which shed light on the differences
• Womens LFPR
• Degree of Occupational Segregation by sex
• Female-male earning ratios
• Womens educational attainment
• Fertility rate

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Gender Differences in Other Countries

• Measures which shed light on the differences
  (continuation)
• The allocation of housework
• Womens role in the government
• Womens standing before the Law

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Labor Force Participation Rate

• There appears to be a marked difference on the
  LFPR of women according to the wealth of the
  Nation
• In a work by Kristin Mammen and Christina Paxson
  (Journal of Economic Perspective Vol. 14, No. 4,
  Fall 2000 pp. 141-164) they show that LFPR
  decreases up to about 2,500 per capita GDP and
  then Increases

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Kristin Mammen and Christina Paxson
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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LFPR for Females in Different Countries
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Segregation Index
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Segregation Index

• Where Mi and Fi represent the percent of males
  and females working in this job category
  respectively
• (see page 389)

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Reading and Education also a Factor

• Recall that at during the middle ages and well
  into the XIX century women were not allowed to
  read
• Many stories in different cultures of women
  disguised as man to learn how to read
• Recall the treatment of women under the Taliban
  rule where it against their law to teach women to
  read

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FERTILITY

• Clearly the more involved the woman is the act
  procreation the less ability she will have to
  participate in the labor force
• The cultural aspect of fertility is an important
  aspect of womans LFPR
• THE MACHO

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Kristin Mammen and Christina Paxson
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Women in Government

• Golda Mayer, Margaret Thatcher, are rare
  exception
• The Doles
• Hillary Clinton
• Women of the Senate

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Women an the Law

• Credit Line
• Child in Divorce
• Property Rights

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Women In Third World Countries

• Women in the Maquila Industry
• Microcredit
• Sex Trade
• Genital Mutilation
• Philippine Maids
• Birth Control
• Regan vs Clinton approach