Introduction to Digital Image Processing

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Introduction to Digital Image Processing
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1010

• GG5018
• Lecture 1
• David R. Green G12

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Contents

• Introduction
• Reading
• Assignments
• Software/Hardware
• Online Tutorials
• What is Digital Image Processing?
• OBJECTIVE To introduce the fundamentals
• of Digital Image Processing

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Reading

• Jensen
• ITC Book
• Websites

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Assignments

• Assignments
• Online Tour Guide (Erdas Imagine)
• Consolidation (Week 6-12)
• Additional e.g. manual DIP Exercise

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Software

• Erdas Imagine (powerful standard)
• ER-Mapper (equivalent to Erdas)
• PCI-Easipace (equivalent to Erdas)
• Envi (Hyperspectral)
• Pixoneer Earth/PG-Steamer ((equivalent to Erdas)
• Idrisi Kilimanjaro (integrated GIS/RS)
• ArcView and Image Analyst (simple extension)
• Multispec (Hyperspectral)

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Hardware

• Hardware specification Desktop
• Fast Processor (Pentium IV)
• Large RAM
• Large Storage Capacity (hard-disk)
• Large Backup Capacity
• Large Colour Display Monitor
• Good Graphics Card with on-board RAM
• Peripherals scanner, printer, digitiser

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Online Tutorials

• http//www.r-s-c-c.org/rscc/v3.html
• http//rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Front/overview.html
• http//www.cas.sc.edu/geog/rslab/751/index.html
• http//www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/ccrs/learn/tutorials/
  digitech/digitech_e.html
• etc.

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What is Digital Image Processing?

• Data into Information pathway
• The Remote Sensing Process
• Problem/Data Collection/Data Analysis/Information
  Presentation

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What is Digital Image Processing?
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What is Digital Image Processing?
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What is Digital Image Processing?

• Computer-based processing of spatial
  data/imagery (from remote sensing
  sensors/platforms) into information
• Includes aerial photography, airborne
  data/imagery and satellite-borne data/imagery
• Integration with other spatial datasets
• Bi-directional relationship between RS/GIS

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What is Digital Image Processing?

• Origins JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory - USA)
• Image restoration for non-Earth data/imagery
• Relationship to digital image processing e.g.
  Paintshop Pro, Photoshop
• Digital Cameras and Photographs
• Relationship to computer graphics (whole to
  partsparts to whole)

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What is Digital Image Processing?

• Importance of knowledge of remote sensing
  sensors and platforms
• Ground-Truthing/Fieldwork
• Statistics (univariate and multivariate)
• Image Processing Techniques
• Visualisation
• Hardware and Software
• Digital Mapping/GIS - Integration
• Expert Systems and AI

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What is Digital Image Processing?
128
128
DN
0-256 8 BIT
128
128
128
128
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What is Digital Image Processing?
Columns (j)
Image number (0-255) or 8-bit GIS number (code)
1,1
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Row, column or x,y numbers provide an address for
each cell e.g. 1,1 3,3 etc (similarity of
spreadsheet)
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32
Addressing can be used to manipulate data store
in each cell e.g. digital image processing
3,3
Rows (i)
e.g. mat (2,2) 32
Multiple matrices e.g. bands of data/imagery
raster maps digital images
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What is Digital Image Processing?

• Structure of Jensens book
• Image Processing System
• Display System
• Initial Image Statistics Extraction
• Pre-Processing
• Image Enhancement
• Classification (Supervised and Unsupervised)
• Error Assessment
• Other Change Detection, GIS

1,1
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What is Digital Image Processing?
255
Linear
1,1
Output - Screen Display
Breakpoints (Stepped)
0
255
Input - File Data e.g. Band 3
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What is Digital Image Processing?
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0
255
100
Linear Contrast Stretch
0
255
Applies to each colour gun (RGB) individually,
pairs or all
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Erdas Imagine 8.7 Tour Guide
ERDAS 8.7 Online TOUR GUIDE Start to work your
way through this as soon as possible There will
be a QUIZ on the contents