Open Sources Intelligence Lecture 5

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Open SourcesIntelligenceLecture 5
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Reading List

• This lecture and next
• Denning Chapter 4
• Lecture notes
• Recommended
• Silent Warfare Understanding the World of
  Intelligence (Abraham N. Shulsky and Gary J.
  Schmitt) Chapters 1 and 6
• Next class
• Current debate on Security Agency to intercept
  communications between people inside the United
  States, including American citizens, and
  terrorist suspects overseas without obtaining a
  court warrant
• http//www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/01/23/nsa.strateg
  y/index.html
• http//www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/01/23/nsa.strateg
  y/index.html

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Open Source

• Unclassified information in the public domain or
  available from commercial services
• Example newspapers, magazines, scientific
  publications, television and radio broadcasting,
  databases, etc.

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Open Source Intelligence

• Intelligence operation that uses open source data
• Goal answer specific question in support of some
  mission

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What is Intelligence?

• Information
• Activities
• Organization

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Information

• relevant to a governments formulation and
  implementation of policy to further its national
  security interests and to deal with threats from
  actual or potential adversaries. (Silent
  Warfare)
• Examples
• Military matters of foreign nations
• Diplomatic activities and intentions of foreign
  nations
• Intelligence activities of foreign nations
• Other party may or may not want to keep it secret
• Raw data and analyses and assessments based on
  raw data

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Activity

• Activities
• Collection and analysis on intelligence
  information
• Counterintelligence
• Collection wide range (e.g., wiretapping,
  broadcasts, newspapers, research publications,
  aerial photography, espionage, etc.)
• Analysis quality of data, correctness of
  analysis, timeliness, etc.

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Organization

• Secrecy!
• Secret activities -- Covert actions
• Same organization vs. two organizations
• Central Intelligence Agency

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Scope of Intelligence

• Government -- national security
• Range from peace time to war time intelligence
• Type of government
• Domestic Intelligence -- depends on nature of
  regime
• Business corporations competitive advantage
• Economics and Intelligence
• Government-run economy
• Economic well-being of nation
• Non-traditions Intelligence
• Environmental issues

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Intelligence and Law Enforcement

• Transnational threats
• do not originate primarily from a foreign
  government
• Serious threats for nations well-being
• Fall within law enforcement rather than
  intelligence
• Examples narcotics trafficking, international
  terrorism
• Law enforcement waiting until a crime has been
  committed
• Intelligence collection of convincing evidence
• Criminal investigation vs. criminal intelligence
  investigation
• Punishment of a given criminal act or struggle
  with an organization engaged in criminal activity

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Intelligence and Information Age

• Advent of information age
• Change the mode of operations for business
  corporations and government
• Technology communicating and processing
  information
• Behavioral and institutional change information
  as the key of organizational activities
• Intelligent Services vs. competing organizations

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Intelligence and Information Age (cont.)

• Globalization
• Flow of information across borders
• International trade
• Division of labor
• Increased travel
• Increased penetration by news media

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Open Source Collection

• Goal oriented
• Publications and broadcast
• Additional information available from
  non-intelligence sources
• Special sources (e.g., speeches of political
  leaders, legal documents, demographic data, etc.
  )
• Large amount of openly available data ? Need
  processing power

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Problem of Increased Availability

• How to locate sources
• How to evaluate source reliability
• How to analyze information and integrate with
  other intelligence information
• How to protect confidentiality of policy makers
  interest

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Information Specialist

• Policy maker
• Staff of policy maker
• Intelligence analysts

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Next class Domestic Intelligence