Applied Geophysics: Seismic Prospecting Methods INTRODUCTION

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Applied Geophysics Seismic Prospecting
MethodsINTRODUCTION

• Method Geophysical Parameter Geological
  Information
• Seismic travel time from layer boundaries,
• source to geophone density, porosity
• compute wave velocity
• Seismology makes use of the travel times and
  velocities of seismic waves (also earthquake
  waves) to study the nature of the interior of the
  Earth

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• Hydrocarbon
  exploration
• Methods used seismic
• gravity
• magnetic
• electromagnetic (MT)
• Electromagnetic, Gravity and Magnetic are
  preliminary (reconnaissance) tools for the
  exploration of sedimentary basin
• Seismic Method Fine structure of the
  sediments/structures.

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• Classification of seismic methods are based on
  energy source of the seismic waves
• 1. Earthquake seismology
• Natural shock waves from earthquakes are
  studied to make deductions about the physical
  properties and structure of the earths interior.
• 2. Controlled-source seismology
• (Explosion seismology or
  seismic prospecting)
• Seismic waves are generated by artificial
  explosions at selected sites to obtain
  information about regional or local structure.

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SEISMIC WAVES TAKE DIFFERENT PATHS THROUGH THE
SPHERICAL EARTH
  THESE RAY PATHS HAVE DIFFERENT NAMES, AND
THEIR TRAVEL TIME CURVES CAN BE USED TO FIND
VELOCITY AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS, WHICH CONTROLS THE
WAVES' PATH    
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