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GoldenRiceTM - a success story

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GoldenRiceTM - a success story Vitamin A deficiency in developing countries Lack of vitamin A is the leading cause of blindness among children in developing countries ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: GoldenRiceTM - a success story


1
GoldenRiceTM - a success story
2
Vitamin A deficiency in developing countries
  • Lack of vitamin A is the leading cause of
    blindness among children in developing countries
  • 250,000 children per year go blind
  • 124 million children worldwide are deficient in
    vitamin A
  • Oral delivery is difficult because of lack of
    infrastructure

3
GoldenRice
  • Rice is a major staple food in Asia
  • The outer oil-rich, nutritious aleurone layer is
    usually milled because it turns rancid upon
    storage in tropical areas
  • The remaining endosperm lacks provitamin A (b
    carotene)

4
The scientific challenge
  • Immature unengineered rice endosperm makes the
    carotene precursor, phytoene (colorless)
  • Remaining enzymes needed for b-carotene synthesis
    are not expressed
  • Solution Add remaining enzymes to endosperm so
    that b-carotene synthesis can occur

5
The scientific accomplishment
  • Ingo Potrykus and colleagues engineered rice to
    contain genes for three enzymes from daffodil
  • phytoene desaturase
  • z-carotene desaturase
  • lycopene b-cyclase
  • The resulting rice endosperm can yield 100 mg
    retinol equivalent / 300 g rice

Ye et al. (2000) Science 287 303-309
6
The challenge of intellectual property rights
  • In the process of developing golden rice, between
    40 and 70 patented materials or processes were
    used.
  • Each owner of the patented materials could claim
    a right (and ask for monetary compensation) for
    use in golden rice.
  • However, all owners of patented and technical
    properties agreed to license their products for
    golden rice production for free

Potrykus, 2001. Golden rice and beyond. Plant
Physiology 1251157.
7
Whats next?
  • Golden rice was developed in a laboratory strain
    of rice
  • Next step is to use traditional breeding to
    introduce the b-carotene production into strains
    of rice that grow well in developing countries
  • India
  • China
  • Africa
  • Latin America

8
Overcoming the GMO opposition
  • Golden rice fulfills the wishes of the GMO
    opposition
  • It was not developed by industry, and industry
    does not benefit from it
  • It presents a sustainable, cost-free solution,
    not requiring other resources
  • It is given free of charge and it benefits the
    poor and disadvantaged
  • It does not create new dependencies on, or
    advantages for, rich landowners
  • It can be resown every year from saved seed
  • It does not reduce agricultural or natural
    biodiversity
  • It does not present any negative impact on the
    environment or risk to human health

9
Golden Rice is a success
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