Lesson One

1
Lesson One
TSWBAT CO 1. Define drug abuse and distinguish
it from both appropriate use and misuse. CO 2.
Describe how psychoactive drugs affect the brain.
CO 3. Summarize the risks of drug abuse. LO 1.
In writing list the behavior or the brain under
normal conditions and what happens when drugs are
used.
2
Critical Vocabulary
Medicine Over-the-counter
drug Prescription drug Illegal
drug Drug misuse Drug abuse
Psychoactive drug
Side effect Drug antagonism
Drug synergism
3
Warm-up

• Myth
• Fact
• Writing What other myths do teens believe about
  drugs? Write down some statements you have heard
  from your peers. Which ones do you think are
  true? Which are false?

4
Legal and Illegal Drugs
There are different kinds of drugs. Medicines are
legal that help the body fight injury, illness,
or disease. A medicine that is sold legally in
the pharmacies and other stores without a
doctors prescription is called an
over-the-counter drug. A drug that can be
obtained only with a written order from a doctor
and can be purchased only at the pharmacy is
known as a prescription drug. An illegal drug is
a chemical substance that people of any age may
not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell.
Sometimes drugs are not used properly. The
improper use of medicines-either prescription or
over-the-counter drugs-is called drug misuse.
When a drug is intentionally used improperly or
unsafe, it is known as drug abuse. Any use of
illegal drugs is also drug abuse. Drug abuse
occurs when people intentionally use any kind of
drug for non-medical purposes.
5
Psychoactive Drugs

• Most abused drugs are psychoactive. A
  psychoactive drug also called a mood altering
  drug, is a chemical that affects the brain
  activity. Psychoactive drugs typically create a
  pleasurable feeling that the user wants to
  repeat. Many psychoactive drugs trigger activity
  along a pathway of cells in the brain called the
  reward pathway. Abuse of psychoactive drugs may
  result in addiction and permanent changes to the
  brains structure and chemistry.

6
When drugs are Misused

• When drugs are misused or abused, many serious
  health effects can result. A side effect is an
  unwanted physical or mental effect caused by a
  drug. A drug antagonism occurs when tow or more
  drugs are taken at the same time and each drugs
  effect is canceled out or reduced by the other. A
  drug synergism occurs when drugs interact to
  produce effects greater than those that each drug
  would produce alone.
• Drug abusers risk facing serious legal penalties,
  damaging their relationships with family and
  friends, and causing significant cost to society.
  Penalty for individual who produce, possess,
  transport, or sell illegal drugs include long
  prison terms and heavy fines. Drugs can cause
  friends to drift away and families to break up.
  Drug abuse affects many more people than jus the
  abusers themselves.

7
Facts about Drugs
1. Complete the table with details about
different kinds of drugs.
Match the description of how a medicine is being
used with the correct term on the right. 2. ___
Using per doctors instruction
a. Drug misuse 3. ___ Mistakenly taking
more than recommended b. Proper use 4. ___
Deliberately taking more than recommended c.
Drub abuse
8
Drug Abuse and the Brain
5. Complete the graphic organizer with details
about how drugs affect the brain.
9
Dangers of Drug Misuse and Abuse

• 6. Describe each risk of drug misuse or abuse in
  the space below.
• a. Side effects___________________________________
  ______
• __________________________________________________
  __
• b. Dependence __________________________________
  ____
• c. Withdrawal ____________________________________
  ____
• e. Drug interactions _____________________________
  ______
• f. Other health risks ____________________________
  _______
• Legal Risks and Other Costs
• 7. List three costs of drug abuse in addition to
  health risks.
• __________________________________________________
  
• __________________________________________________
  
• __________________________________________________
  

10
Practice
Concept Check How Drugs Affect the Brain The
reward pathway in the brain is activated when you
engage in pleasurable activities, such as
eating a tasty treat. The reward pathway is also
activated by addictive drugs. The drawing below
represents the brains reward pathway. Label the
structure in the diagram with the terms
pleasure signal, dopamine receptor, dopamine 1.
Describe the brains reward pathway under normal
conditions. ______________________________________
________________ 2. State what happens to the
reward pathway when a person takes and addictive
drug. ____________________________________________
__________ 3. Explain how long-term drug use can
affect the reward pathway. _______________________
______________________________
11
Review

• How is an over-the-counter drug different from a
  prescription drug?
• Define drug abuse. Give an example.
• Briefly describe how psychoactive drugs affect
  the brain.
• What is a side effect?
• List three health risks and two other risks that
  drug ausers face.

12
Lesson Quiz 1

• E
• C
• D
• F
• A
• True
• False
• True
• True
• False

13
Lesson Two

• TSWBAT
• CO 1. Evaluate how family, friends and personal
  factors can influence an individuals decision
  about drugs.
• LO 2. Create a role-play scenario where
  individuals are using the three protective
  factors.

14
Critical Vocabulary

• Protective Factor

15
Warm-up

• Quick Quiz
• Writing Each question you answer yes to is a
  way you protect yourself from drug abuse. What
  other factors in your life help protect you from
  using drugs? Explain.

16
Factors Affecting Drug Abuse

• A number of factors make it either more or
  less likely that a teen will abuse drugs. They
  include family factors, and personal factors.
  Family factors, such as poor family relationships
  or drug abuse by family members, may make teen
  drug abuse more likely. Social factors that
  influence teens to use drugs include peer group
  or role models who abuse drugs. Competitive
  pressure placed on athletes may lead to drug
  abuse as well. Finally, personal factors, such as
  stress and low self-esteem, can also influence a
  teen to use drugs.

17
Protective Factors

• A protective factor is a factor that reduces a
  persons potential for harmful behavior. Having
  strong protective factors in your life will help
  you stay drug free. Teenagers who have good
  relationships with their parents and other family
  members are better equipped to deal with lifes
  problems and stresses, and are less likely to use
  drugs. Other protective family factors include
• Strong and positive family bonds
• Parental awareness of teens social activities
  and peer groups
• Clear rules that are consistently enforced.

18
Social Bonds

• Strong social bonds and supports can also cushion
  the negative effects of stress in your life and
  act as powerful buffers against drugs use.
  Protective social factors include
• Having strong bonds to school and other community
  institutions
• Having friends who are supportive and accepting
• Finally, personal factors can protect against
  drug use, including
• A commitment to success in academics and
  extracurricular activities
• A personal belief that drug use is unacceptable

19
Risk Factors

• Complete the table with details about risk
  factors that affect drug
• abuse.

20
Protective Factors
21
Practice

• Role-playing Protective Factors and Teen Drug
  Abuse
• Three categories of factors help teens from using
  drugs social factors, family factors, and
  personal factors. The student edition describes
  specific protective factors in each of these
  three categories. As a group select two
  protective factors. Then plan a role-play about a
  teen who is pressured to use drugs. The role-play
  should show how the protective factors help the
  teen resist drugs.
• Situation _______________________________________
  _____
• Role-Play_________________________________________
  ___
• Practice your role-play, and be ready to present
  to the class. Challenge the class to identify the
  protective factors you demonstrated with your
  role-play. Summarize your classmates response.
  ___________________________________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___

22
Review

• What three general types of factors can either
  increase ones risk of drug abuse or protect
  against drug abuse?
• What is a protective factor?
• Why is it important to strengthen protective
  factors in your life?

23
Lesson quiz 2

• A
• C
• A
• B
• A
• True
• True
• False
• False
• True

24
Lesson Three

• TSWBAT
• CO 1. Compare the effects of depressants,
  stimulants, and hallucinogens on the body.
• CO 2. Describe the effects of marijuana.
• CO 3. Name three classes of drugs in increasing
  concern in recent years.
• LO 3. List the commonly abused drugs and how thy
  affect the body.

25
Critical Vocabulary

• Depressants Barbiturates Opiate
• Heroin Stimulant Cocaine
• Amphetamines Metamphetamine Marijuana
• Hallucinogens Club drugs Inhalant

26
Warm-up

• Health Stats
• Writing What factors do you think are
  responsible for the increase in prescription drug
  abuse?

27
Commonly Abused Drugs

• Drugs are categorized according to their actions
  and affects on the body. A depressant is a
  psychoactive drug that slows brain and body
  reactions. Depressants slow body functions by
  decreasing heart and breathing rates and lowering
  blood pressure. One class of depressants is the
  barbiturates. These are also called
  sedative-hypnotics. A second class is the CNS
  depressants, or tranquilizers, which slow the
  activity of the central nervous system. A third
  class is the opiates. An opiate is any drug made
  from psychoactive compounds from the seed pods of
  poppy plants. Heroin is an illegal opiate made in
  a laboratory.

28
Stimulants

• A stimulant is a drug that speeds up activities
  of the central nervous system. Stimulants
  increase heart rate, blood pressure, breathing,
  and alertness. One class of powerful stimulants
  is the amphetamines. Methamphetamine is a
  stimulant that is related to amphetamines, but is
  even more powerful. Cocaine is a powerful but
  short-acting stimulant.
• A hallucinogen is a drug that distorts
  perception, thought, and mood. Hallucinogen
  overload the brain with sensory information,
  causing a distorted sense of reality. LSD,
  psilocybin, and PCP are hallucinogen.

29
Marijuana

• Marijuana is the leaves, stems, and flowering
  tops of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa. Marijuana
  is one of the most frequently abused psychoactive
  drug. Its main ingredient changes the way
  information reaches and is acted upon the brain.
  Marijuana has many side effects, including
  distorted perceptions difficulties with thinking,
  feelings of paranoia, and loss of coordination.
  It is extremely dangerous to drive while under
  the influence of marijuana. Marijuana is often a
  gateway to the abuse of other drugs.
• Three classes of drugs that are of growing
  concern in recent years are club drugs,
  inhalants, and anabolic steroids. Club drugs got
  their name from the fact that they first gained
  popularity at dance clubs and raves. An inhalant
  is a breathable chemical vapor that produces
  mind-altering effects. Even a single session of
  inhalant abuse can cause death. Anabolic steroids
  are synthetic drugs that are similar to the
  hormone testosterone. Steroid abuse is especially
  dangerous to teens, whose growing bodys suffer
  permanent damage

30
Depressants
31
Stimulants
32
Hallucinogens
3. Complete the concept map with details about
hallucinogens.
hallucinogens
include
distort
d. LSD
f. _____
c. ______
a. perception
e. _____
also known as
also known as
i. ______
also known as
b. _____
g. _____
h. ______
33
Marijuana

• 4. List three negative side effects of
  marijuana.
• __________________________________________________
  
• __________________________________________________
  
• __________________________________________________
  
• 5. List tow reasons why marijuana impairs driving
  ability.
• __________________________________________________
  
• __________________________________________________
  
• 6. List tow reasons why marijuana is called a
  gateway to other drugs.
• __________________________________________________
  
• __________________________________________________
  

34
Club Drugs , Inhalants, and Steroids

• 7. Complete the outline about club drugs,
  inhalants and anabolic steroids.
• Club drugs, inhalants, and Steroids
• Three classes of drugs that are of growing
  concern in recent years are club drugs, inhalants
  and anabolic steroids.
• A. Club Drugs
• 1. Description _____________________________
  __
• 2. Risk ____________________________________
  _
• B. Inhalants
• 1. Description _____________________________
  __
• 2. Risk ____________________________________
  _
• C. Anabolic Steroid
• 1. Description _____________________________
  __
• 2. Risk ____________________________________
  _

35
Practice

• In this section, you learned about many
  categories of drugs and specific names of drugs
  that are abused. They include
• Marijuana, stimulants, amphetamines, club drugs,
  LSD, opiates, inhalants, hallucinogens, anabolic
  steroids, GHB, PCP, cocaine, depressants, Kat
  amine, met amphetamine, barbiturates, rohypnol,
  CNS depressants, psilcybin. Use these terms to
  complete the concept map.

36
Application
Commonly abused drugs
include
drugs used to build muscle
drugs that cause distorted perception
drug such as Ecstasy
drugs that slow the body
drugs that speed up the NS
dangerous chemical vapors
gateway drug
1. ________
9. _______
14. _____
19. _____
5. _______
18. _____
13. ______
2.______________ 3. _____________ 4. _____________
10. ____________ 11. ____________ 12. ____________
6. _____________ 7. _____________ 8. _____________
15. ____________ 16. ____________ 17. ____________
37
Review

• Briefly describe the overall effects that
  depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens have
  on the body.
• What is an opiate? Give three examples.
• What is methamphetamine? List three long-term
  effects of methamphetamine use.
• How does marijuana affect the brain? List three
  side effects.
• Name three classes of drugs of increasing concern
  today. In three sentences, summarize the dangers
  of each.

38
Lesson Quiz 3

• D
• B
• F
• A
• C
• C
• D
• D
• B
• C

39
Lesson Four

• TSWBAT
• CO 1. Identify three treatment options for people
  who abuse drugs.
• CO 2. Name three steps you can take to stay drug
  free.
• LO 4. List the signs of drug abuse.

40
Critical Vocabulary

• Therapeutic Community

41
Warm-up

• Dear Advice Line,
• My friend Greg tried methamphetamine at a party
  a few months ago. Soon he started doing it
  regularly. He gets defensive and aggressive when
  I ask him if he needs help. Im scared to talk to
  him anymore, but I want to help.
• Writing What advice would you give Gregs
  friend? How can she help Greg?

42
Choosing to be Drug Free

• Before drug abusers can be helped, they need to
  recognize their problem. Once drug abusers
  recognize their problem, several treatment
  options are available to them. Treatment options
  for abusers include detoxification, therapeutic
  communities, and supervised medication. A person
  who enters a detoxification program undergoes
  gradual but complete withdrawal form the abused
  drug under medical supervision. A therapeutic
  community is a residential treatment center where
  former drug abusers live together and learn to
  adjust to drug-free lives. A third treatment
  option for some drugs, such as heroin, involves
  replacing the abused drug with a drug that
  produces some of the same effects, without the
  high. This kind of treatment must be done under
  medical supervision.

43
Refusal Skills

• There are steps you can take to protect yourself
  from using drugs. Practicing refusal skills,
  seeking help when you need it and getting
  involved in drug-free activities can help you
  stay away from drugs. Refusing drugs can be
  difficult when you are faced with pressures to
  take them. Sharpening your refusal skills can be
  helpful. If the stresses and problems in your
  life are too much to manage, find a trusted adult
  to talk to.
• There are many healthy and consecutive activities
  that can lift your mood and help you handle the
  pressures in your life. Physical activity boost
  your mood and relieves the negative effects of
  stress. Volunteering to help other people can
  give you good feeling about yourself.
  Participating in a youth group can give you a
  sense of belonging and a connection to others.

44
Treating Drug Abuse

• Complete the concept map with details about signs
  of possible drug
• abuse

e. _____________ f. _____________ g.
_____________
h. ______________ i. ______________ J.____________
___
45
Main Idea Once drug abusers have acknowledge
their problems, they have several treatment
options
2. Complete the graphic organizer about treatment
options for drug abuse
Detoxification Therapeutic
Community Supervised medication
46
Staying Drug Free
3. Complete the table about staying drug free.
Refusing drugs a. Clearly state your
reason for
not wanting drugs
b. _________________________ Seeking help
c. __________________________
__________________________
d.
__________________________
__________________________
Finding alternatives e.
__________________________ to drugs
f. __________________________
g. __________________________
47
Practice

• People who abuse drugs are likely to show warning
  signs of drug abuse, such as lying or withdrawing
  from normal activities. If you had a friend who
  was abusing drugs, would you recognize the
  warning signs? If you did recognize the signs,
  would you know how to act an an advocate for your
  friend?

48
Application

• Stacey is worried about her friend, Corinne.
  Corinne always used to be a lot of fun, but
  lately she has been acting very grouchy. Until
  recently, Corinne was an excellent student. Now
  she forgets to do her homework and sometimes
  falls asleep in class. As a result, Corinnes
  grades are slipping, although she doesnt seem to
  care. Corinne also used to spend hours in front
  of the mirror. Now, she looks as though she
  barely bothers to comb her hair.
• Every time Stacey asks Corinne what is wrong,
  Corinne denies there is a problem. Stacey is
  growing more concerned about Corinne, but doesnt
  know what is wrong or what to do.
• What are signs that Corinne might be abusing
  drugs?
• If Corinne continues to deny there is a problem,
  what could happen to her?
• What should Stacey do to act as an advocate for
  her friend?

49
Review

• What are three options for drug abuse treatment?
• Describe a therapeutic community. Identify two
  ways it helps drug abusers overcome their
  problems.
• What are three steps you can take to stay away
  from drugs?

50
Lesson Quiz 4

• True
• False
• True
• False
• False
• C
• A
• B
• C
• A

51
Chapter 17 Test
19. Depressants, such as heroin, slow body
functions. They decrease heart and breathing
rates and lower blood pressure. Stimulants, such
as cocaine, speed up activities of the central
nervous system. They increase heart and
breathing rates, blood pressure, and alertness.
20. Sample Answer You can stay drug free by
practicing refusal skills, seeking help when you
need it, and getting involved in drug free
activities.
11. True 12.True 13. False 14. True 15. False 16.
Personal 17. Psilocybin 18. Heroin

• B
• A
• C
• A
• A
• C
• D
• E
• A
• F