China: The Giant with Growing Indigestion and Skin Irritation

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China The Giant with Growing Indigestion and
Skin Irritation
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Seven Major Geographic Qualities Of China

• Chinas population represents over one-fifth of
  all humanity. Territorially, China ranks third
  among the worlds countries.
• China is one of the worlds oldest continuous
  civilizations.
• Chinas civilization developed over a long period
  in considerable isolation, protected by
  physiographic barriers and by sheer distance from
  other source areas.
• The Chinese state and national culture evolved
  from a core area that emerged in the north, near
  the present capital of Beijing (Peking). Chinas
  culture hearth has remained there ever since.

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• Chinas enormous population is strongly
  concentrated in the countrys eastern regions.
  Western zones remain comparatively empty and
  open, and are also more arid and far less
  productive.
• Chinas recent modernizing drive notwithstanding,
  the country remains a dominantly rural society
  with limited urbanization and industrialization.
• Rural China is a land of enduring traditions.
  Neither the Communist Revolution drive has truly
  changed the villagers way of life. Many old
  values persist, and the teachings of Kongfuzi
  (Confucius) are still remembered.

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• B.E. Confucianism spread and dominated
  life.550-ish BC
• Dynastic China (21BC-1912)
• Development of Buddhism 650-ish AD
• Partitioning of China (dividing up) by British,
  Russians and Japanese
• D.E. (Late 1800s/Early 1900s
• Republican Government (1912-1948)

Confucius
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• A.E. Phase 1-- Sun Yatsen (1925)
• Communists vs. Nationalists, Begins 1924 --
  stopped 1932 (They united to fight the Japanese)
  They resumed in 1945 -- 1949
• Why The Change??

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• (1) Mao Zedong (Tsi-Tung)
• Mao Defeats the Nationalists led by (2)Chaing Kai
  Shek
• They forced on to Formosa (Taiwan)
• This creates 2 Chinas
• Mainland China Peoples Republic of China (PROC)
• Taiwan Republic of China (ROC)

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• No trade or political interaction
• China side s with N. Korea during Korean War
  (1950-53)
• During the Cold War -- U.S. very suspicious of
  Communist China
• Great Leap Forward (50s and 60s)

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• Cultural Revolution (1960s) end Confucian ideas
• Some help to North Vietnam Provided many needed
  materials as did USSR allowing N Vietnamese to
  extend war
• 1954 -- French Indochina
• China actually controlled most of Indo China
  from the 1600s-the late 1800s.

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• 1971 -- UN recognizes P.R.O.C. (Mainland)
  including Taiwan - Hong Kong - political,
  economical sovereignty
• 1972 -- U.S. President Nixon visits PROC, begins
  positive dialogue
• 1976 -- Mao Zedong dies
• Deng Xiaoping is Mao's successor, Communist party
  chairman, (died 1996)

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• Economic success by other Asian Countries forces
  changes in China
• Japan / 4 Tigers

• 1980s 4 Modernizations

• 1. Rapid modernization/mechanization of
  agriculture
• 2. Immediate upgrade of defense forces
• 3. Modernization of expansion of industry
• 4. The development of science, technology and
  medicine

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• S.E.Z. 1979 (define)

• 1. Shenzhen - Hong Kong
• 2. Zhuhai
• 3. Shanton -
• 4. Ziamen - Taiwan

• A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical
  region that has economic laws different from a
  country's typical economic laws. Usually the goal
  is an increase in foreign investment. Special
  Economic Zones have been established in several
  countries, including the People's Republic of
  China, India, Jordan, Poland, Kazakhstan, the
  Philippines and Russia. North Korea has also
  attempted this to a degree. Who was the previous
  Chinese Leader?

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• Phase 2--
• After the Modernizations (4) Capitalistic and
  Democratic influences begin to appear - 70s
  80s GNP and economic growth appears in most of
  Asia

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• Four Tigers- (other than Japan)
• Hong Kong
• Taiwan Type of work?
• South Korea
• Singapore
• (Vietnam could move in)

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• What economic things are going on in the U.S. at
  this same time? (waves)
• How does this relate to 4 Tigers and Economic
  Growth in China?
• Why the Tiananmen Square Conflict?
• What was it?

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1996 -- China attempts to carry out Full Scale
(live) military practice around Taiwan. Why? What
was the US position?
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U.S. says just try it and moves navy into a
strategic position to keep China from carrying
out live ammunition military practice around
Taiwan.
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• 1997 -- Hong Kong became part of China.
• If you were a citizen of Hong Kong what are
  your concerns?

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Current Chinese President - Hu Jintoa
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Physical China

• 3rd largest country
• 100,000 sq. miles larger than the US
• Temperate Zone Climate
• See charts from ch./unit 1
• Subtropical -- South
• Humid Continental -- East
• Desert -- North

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Population/Land -vs.- US
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Current Issues

• Air pollution -- High Sulfur Coal use in
  Manufacturing
• Acid Rain
• Water shortage
• Less than 10 of sewage receives treatment
• Estimated loss of 1/5 of agricultural land since
  1957 soil erosion, economic development,
  desertification

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Economic

• Per capita -- 2,500
• 11.8 Growth rate
• Exports 121 billion (1994)
• Imports 115.7 billion (1994)
• Currency Yuan 8.4 1 U.S. (1995)

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• Pinyin -- standard Chinese (1958)
• No European Influence
• Peking And Beijing
• Yellow river Huang He river
• Yangtse Chaing Jiang
• China Xinhua

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