THE BENEFITS OF EXERCISE IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES

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• THE BENEFITS OF EXERCISE IN THE TREATMENT OF
  DIABETES
• Brad McGregor BHMS (App) Grad Cert Ex Med

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SOME FACTS

• Fit people can still develop diabetes
• Exercise is used to treat the symptoms of
  hyperglycaemiait is not a cure!
• Around 90 are Type 2
• Link between low CV fitness type 2 diabetes
• Risk factors include elevated WH ratio
  abdominal obesity

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EXERCISE BENEFITS

• Improved
• - BP
• - O2 extraction
• - Q (lower HR higher SV)
• Improved blood flow better delivery of insulin
  to muscle
• Cholesterol reduction (more research needed)
• Improved glucose tolerance, transport synthesis

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EXERCISE BENEFITS

• Fat loss decreased insulin resistance
• Osteoporosis
• Psychological benefits (self esteem, stress,
  depression) More research needed
• Note that benefits continue after cessation of
  activity
• Most studies done on white males

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• http//www.diabetes.org/type-1-diabetes/well-being
  /LinkForLifeAd/link_for_life/main.html

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EXERCISE PRECAUTIONS

• Ensure screening
• Proper footwear
• Adequate hydration (sports drinks can avoid
  hypoglycaemia)
• Last meal?
• Last injection (type 1)?
• What is the glycaemic response to different
  exercise types?

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EXERCISE PRECAUTIONS

• Those with nephropathy should avoid systolic BP
  of 180 or over (could worsen the condition)
• Type 2 diabetics are unlikely to become
  unconscious when hypoglycaemic

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EXERCISE GUIDELINES

• 1 session/wk can make a difference
• Focus on wt loss maintenance
• Frequency 3-5 endurance sessions/wk (depends
  on how much wt needs to be lost)
• Use HR AND RPE as diabetes can affect HR
  response to exercise

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• 6  No exertion at all
• 7   
  Extremely light (7.5)
  8
• 9  Very light
• 10
• 11  Light
• 12
• 13  Somewhat hard
• 14
• 15  Hard (heavy)
• 16
• 17  Very hard
• 18
• 19  Extremely hard
• 20  Maximal exertion

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EXERCISE GUIDELINES

• Duration Depends on caloric expenditure
  required
• Intensity start at 60 of HR max (be aware of
  foot trauma wt-bearing)
• Mode walking, non-wt bearing alternatives,
  resistance (avoid valsalva /or isometrics)

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EXERCISE LIFESTYLE

• Why wasnt diabetes a problem years ago?
• Accumulate exerciselifestyle!
• Gradual progression

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ADHERENCE MOTIVATION

• Plan your weektime management no excuses!
• Training partner
• Comfortable environment
• Reward yourself
• Goal setting
• Get good guidance (results motivation)