Creating the Introduction & Conclusion

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Creating the Introduction Conclusion
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Introductions and Conclusions

• Primacy-Recency effect The audience is more
  likely to remember the first and last items
  conveyed orally in a series than the items in
  between.

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Goals of the Introduction

• Attention Getter
• Listener Relevance
• Speaker Credibility
• Preview of Main Points (thesis)
• The introduction is usually only 10-15 of the
  length of your entire speech.

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Attention Getters

• Create an opening that will win your audiences
  attention (page 235)
• Use a quotation
• Tell a short story
• Ask a rhetorical question (question seeking a
  mental response rather than a direct response)
• Use of startling fact or statistic
• Use humor (not reccommended)
• Perform a task (action, video clip, etc.)

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Listener Relevance

• A Listener relevance link is a statement of how
  and why your speech relates to or might affect
  your audience.
• Sometimes, your attention getter will serve this
  function. Therefore, it might not be necessary
  to include an additional listener relevance
  statement.

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Speaker Credibility

• This builds your authority on the subject and
  convinces your audience that you are a reliable
  and credible speaker.
• Sometimes, your attention getter will serve this
  function. Therefore, it might not be necessary
  to include an additional speaker credibility
  statement.
• Anytime you use a statistic, fact, or quotation
  (and provide citations), you are proving that you
  researched your topic.

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Preview of Points (Thesis)

• You must preview your main points. Be
  straightforward! This also serves as your thesis
  statement.

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Goals of the Conclusion (page 243)

• Signal Conclusion / Review main points
• Clincher / call to action
• The introduction is seldom no more than 5 of the
  length of your entire speech.

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Signal Conclusion / Review Main Points

• Signal conclusion verbally and nonverbally
• Verbally Simply say In conlcusion.
• Nonverbally Slow speech rate. Pause. Step
  closer to audience.
• Remind your audience of your main points
• So, in conclusion, we have discussed the three
  most common types of eating disorders anorexia,
  bulimia, and obesity.

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Clincher

• A one to two sentence statement that provides a
  sense of closure. This is usually accomplished
  by providing one of the attention getters
  discussed earlier. You can also refer back to
  your attention getter to give a nice book-end
  effect.
• If doing a persuasive speech, you can leave your
  audience with an call to action that describes
  the behavior you want your listeners to follow.

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Introduction example

• (Attention Getter / Listener Relevance / Speaker
  Credibility) Take a moment and think about 5
  women in your life. Now imagine one of them
  having an eating disorder. This information came
  Paula Krugers July 20, 2007 article titled 1 in
  5 girls display eating disorder behavior study
  found on the ABC news website.
• (Listener Relevance / Speaker Credibility)
  Learning about common eating disorders is
  crucial, because according to the same article,
  the number of teenage girls with eating disorders
  has doubled in the past six years.
• (Preview of Points / Thesis) So, today, we will
  take a closer look at three common eating
  disorders facing our nation anorexia, bulimia,
  and obesity.

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Conclusion example

• (Signal Conclusion / Review of Main Points) In
  conclusion, today we have examined three common
  eating disorders anorexia, bulimia, and
  obesity.
• (Clincher) Take a moment and think back to those
  five women in your life. How can use the
  information learned today to hopefully identity
  and combat this growing problem?