Computer Class Presentation-4

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• The Motherboard

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Types of Motherboards
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Types of Motherboards
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Main Components on a Motherboard

• CPU and its chip set
• System clock
• ROM BIOS
• CMOS configuration chip and its battery
• RAM
• RAM cache (optional)

• System bus with expansion slots
• Jumpers and DIP switches
• Ports directly on the board
• Power supply connections

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Typical AT Motherboard
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Typical ATX Motherboard
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Selection of a Motherboard Determines
se refiere a un grupo de circuitos integrados, o
chips, que están diseñados para trabajar juntos.

• CPU types and speeds
• Chip set on the board
• Memory cache type and size
• Types and number of expansion slots ISA, PCI,
  and AGP
• Type of memory ECC, EDO, SDRAM, SIMMs, or DIMMs
• Type of memory what kind of and how much SRAM
  and DRAM

continued
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Comment

• El Chipset es el que hace posible que la placa
  base funcione como eje del sistema, dando soporte
  a varios componentes e interconectandolos de
  forma que se comuniquen entre ellos haciendo uso
  de diversos buses.

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Selection of a Motherboard Determines

• Type of case
• ROM BIOS
• Type of keyboard connector
• Presence/absence of proprietary video and/or
  proprietary local bus slots
• Presence/absence of IDE adapters and SCSI
  controller
• Presence/absence of COM ports, LPT ports, and
  mouse port

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Considerations When Selecting a System Board

• Support the CPU you plan to use?
• Type of BIOS?
• Bus speeds and type of memory memory capacity?
• Use many embedded devices?
• Fit the case?
• Warranty? How much manufacturer support?
• How extensive and user-friendly is documentation?

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Major Manufacturers o Motherboards
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The System Clock

• Keeps the beat for motherboard activities
• Frequency is measured in megahertz (MHz)
• Wait state
• Occurs when the CPU must wait for another
  component

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How the CPU Works

• Input/output (I/O) unit
• Manages data and instructions entering and
  leaving the CPU
• Arithmetic logic units (ALUs)
• Do all comparisons and calculations
• Control unit
• Manages all activities inside the CPU itself

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Types of Pentium CPUs
continued
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Types of Pentium CPUs
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Competitors of Advanced Pentiums
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Intel Itaniums
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CPU Slots and Sockets
continued
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CPU Slots and Sockets
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CPU Slots and Sockets

• The physical connection used to connect the CPU
  to the system board
• Slots 1 and 2 are proprietary Intel slots
• Slot A is a proprietary AMD slot
• Current CPU sockets are called zero insertion
  force (ZIF) sockets and have a small lever on the
  side of the socket that lifts the CPU up and out
  of the socket

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CPU Slots and Sockets
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The Chip Set

• Set of chips on the system board that
  collectively controls the memory cache, external
  buses, and some peripherals
• Intel dominates the market
• Most compatible with Pentium family of CPUs
• Investment in RD has led to other developments
  (eg, PCI bus, universal serial bus, AGP, and
  Accelerated Hub Architecture)

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Chip Set Manufacturers
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Sample Web Site for Flash ROM BIOS Upgrades
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Hardware Configuration

• Tells CPU what hardware components are present in
  the system and how they are set up to interface
  with the CPU
• Provided on motherboard in three ways
• DIP switches
• Jumpers
• CMOS

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Setup Data Stored by DIP Switches
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Setup Data Stored by Jumpers
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Setup Data Stored by Jumpers
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How to Access CMOS Setup
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How to Access CMOS Setup
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Coin-Cell CMOS Battery
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CMOS

• Setting startup passwords in CMOS
• Categories of CMOS settings
• Standard CMOS setup
• Advanced CMOS setup (aka BIOS Features setup)
• Advanced Chip Set Setup
• Power Menu (aka Power Management)
• IDE HDD Auto-detect Hardware Device Settings (on
  jumperless motherboards only)

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