Introduction of storage area network

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INTRODUCTION OF STORAGE AREA NETWORK

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Summary

• 1)What is SAN
• 2)Basics of SAN
• 3)Architecture of SAN
• 4)Basic mechanism of SAN

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What is SAN

• Storage area network is a design to transfer
  data, from server to clients. It is alternative
  to the directly attached targets. It is primarily
  used as the storage device server can access
  this. It is also highly performance storage
  device enabling to communicate with one another.

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technologies

• Different of technologies are used for SAN. Most
  popular is the Fiber channel. But IP based
  solutions are also used. Concepts of SAN also
  implemented on the devices those are attached to
  like disk, tapes, RAID, file server etc. We
  frequently used NAS and SAN collaterally.
  Difference between them are SAN is network
  storage sub system NAS is storage subsystem. SAN
  extension of disk channel not connected to server
  but NAS connected to server via IP network.

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Basics of san

• Different technologies can be used to
  interconnect different network nodes. Fiber
  channel is dedicated high performance channel. It
  is used fiber channel protocol. SCSI protocol
  carry IP packet over the network. SCSI is the
  extension of the SCSI bus.

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Initiator and target

• Fiber channel can be source or the destination of
  the information. If the node is initiator then it
  is connected to the network through HBA (Host Bus
  Adapter) it is a physical layer connection. It
  may be electrical or fiber optical. If the node
  is target then it is connected through RAID
  (Redundant Array of Independent Disk) or storage
  drives.

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Hard drives

• Basic storage is the hard drives. It is composed
  of different disks, platters, cylinders, track
  and sectors. It is metallic disk used for storage
  of data. Logical block address within the disk is
  512 byte. Files can be stored in the sectors so
  they can be stored and retrieved. File system
  deals with clusters of blocks and it uses FAT
  (File Allocation Table) to map the file sectors.

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Jbod and raid

• Jbods are group of disks packaged in a connected
  via FC loop. RAID is more sophisticated device it
  improves the storage disk performance. It
  improves the performance the reading and writing
  from disk at the same time or it mirroring the
  information on the multiple disk array.

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Architecture of san

• RAID array containing the disk array and RAID
  controller . It providing hardware and feature of
  RAID 0- 5. Direct attached storage is an
  architecture is used to storage privately
  attached servers. It is expensive and complex to
  manage. Storage is accessed from block level not
  file level. It is high performance. It uses good
  management tool and storage is shared. It uses
  interoperability.

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nas

• Network attached storage is an architecture which
  attached to the server with a multiprocess
  network. This network is a IP process network.
  Transmission Control Protocol can be tuned to
  optimized storage transport.

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Mechanism of san

• Fiber channel act as a transport layer of SCSI.
  Fiber channel is used instead of TCP/IP network
  to connect server to the storage. In the long
  graphical distance IP can be used. It can be used
  in the IP traffic. FC offers layer 2 transport
  service and used layer 3 to map upper layer
  protocols like SCSI, HIPPI and IP.

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Switching fabric service

• FC switching fabric relies upon number of
  software applications and to deliver transport
  service.
• Most relevant ones are Zoning, Alias service,
  domain controller.
• Those service allow fabric to function without
  disruption.
• It consist of a set of information distributed
  across the fabric nodes.

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Standardization body

• Fiber channel standardized by ANSI T11 committee.
  
• SCSI standardized by T10 committee. URL
  www.T10.org
• FCIA is the fiber channel industry association it
  is not involved in the standardization process.
  University of New Hampshire also involved here.

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Thank you