DRUGS

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DRUGS

• WHAT THEY ARE AND WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THEM

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TERMINOLOGY

• Tolerance-a condition in which the body becomes
  used to a substance.
• Physical Dependence-a condition in which a person
  develops tolerance to a drug and the drug becomes
  necessary or the person has withdrawal symptoms.
• Psychological Dependence-a strong desire to
  continue using a drug for emotional reasons.

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TERMS cont

• Withdrawal-unpleasant reactions that occur when a
  person who is physically dependent on a drug no
  longer takes it.
• Dependence-continued use of a drug even though it
  harms the body, mind, and relationships.

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Progression to Dependence

• Experimentation-trying it
• Desired Effect-getting high
• Tolerance
• Denial-refusing to admit problem
• Dependence
• Avg. cost of rehab 20-30 thousand/month
• Avg. age of experimentation13 yrs. old

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Marijuana

• Gateway drug-drug whose use increases the
  likelihood that a person will use other harmful
  drugs.
• THC-drug that produces psychoactive effects.
  15-20x stronger than the 70s.
• (8-15)

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Narcotics

• A group of drugs that slows down the CNS and
  relieves pain.
• Analgesic-relieves pain
• Opium-seedpod of poppy
• Morphine-found naturally in Opium
• Codeine-painkiller produced from Morphine
• Heroin-Illegal narcotic derived from Morphine.
• Opiates - Maybe you've heard of drugs called
  heroin, morphine or codeine. These are examples
  of opiates. If someone uses opiates again and
  again, his or her brain is likely to become
  dependent on them.

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Sedative-Hypnotics

• Tranquilizers and Sleeping pills/aids
• A group of drugs that depresses the activities of
  the CNS.
• Sedativedrug that has a calming effect on a
  persons behavior.
• Hypnotica drug that produces drowsiness and
  sleep

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Types of S-H

• Barbiturates-prescribed sleeping aids that are
  very addictive and dangerous.
• Benzodiazepines-prescribed to treat anxiety
• Rohypnol-date rape drug

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Hallucinogens

• A group of drugs that interfere with the senses
  and cause hallucinations.
• LSD, PCP, Mescaline, Psilocybin, MDMA
• -Tolerance/effects last from hours to days,
  depending on dose and the individuals
  sensitivity.
• -Flashbacks/visual, recur long after the drug is
  taken.

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Hallucinogens cont

• Bad Trips
• -panic attacks, severe depressive episodes,
• schizophrenia, short-lived, usually ending in 24
  hrs. PCP can last for days, death can also occur.
• Treatment
• -dependence is rare, OD rare, psychological
• dependence occurs.

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Inhalants

• Substances that are gases or emit gases at room
  temperature.
• Household or industrial chemicals.
• Inhaled by sniffing or huffing w/a bag.
• Vapors rush quickly to the brain and will last
  3-30 minutes.

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Anabolic Steroids

• Ergogenic-used to improve athletic performance.
• Banned from USOC, IOC.
• Cycling-taking multiple doses in a specific
  period of time, stopping, and starting again.
• Powerful, synthetic derivatives of testosterone
  that produce muscle growth by stimulating protein
  synthesis.

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Effects of Steroids

• Major-liver tumors, jaundice, fluid retention,
  and high BP.
• Men-shrinking of the testicles, reduced sperm
  count, infertility, baldness, development of
  breasts.
• Women-growth of facial hair, change in or
  cessation of the menstrual cycle, deepened voice.
• Adolescents-growth halted prematurely through
  premature skeletal maturation, accelerated
  puberty changes.

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Depressants

• Drug that depresses the CNS.
• Quaaludes, Secanol, Valium, and Alcohol.
• Barbiturates are also classified as a depressant
  even though they are S-H.

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Stimulants

• A group of drugs that speed up the activities of
  the CNS.
• Uppers feel alert, awake, and active.
• Increases BP, HR, and breathing rate.
• Cocaine, crack, amphetamines, meth, ephedrine,
  and caffeine.

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Cocaine and Crack

• Highly addictive stimulant that is obtained from
  the leaves of the coca bush.
• Purified cocaine that is smoked, to produce a
  rapid and intense reaction.
• Trying these once can be fatal.
• Crack can become rapidly addictive.

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Cocaine

• Acute cases result in cocaine psychosis,
  hallucinations of coke bugs.
• Sniffing results in regular nose bleeds,
  burns/sores in nasal membranes, sore throats,
  hoarseness, shortness of breath, cold sweats, and
  controlled tremors.
• Heavy useangina, irregular heartbeat,
  malnutrition, weight loss, lack of sleep, neglect
  hygiene, lower immune system, TB, infections.
• IV user- HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis
• Free basers-harm lungs
• Tolerance occurs very quickly.

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Crack

• 1985, smoke able form
• Almost pure Cocaine
• Inexpensive, slivers of soap
• 7 seconds to enter bloodstream
• Physical and psychological dependence
• Tolerance develops quickly
• Fatal OD is possible

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Club Drugs-Date Rape Drugs MDMA, Ecstasy, STP
etc. Commonly come in pill form, but may be
various colors with different logos. Memory loss
and lack of memory retention