Information on the national higher education system

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Information on the national higher education
system

• The basic structure of the Turkish National
  Education system consists of mainly four steps as
  pre-school education, primary education,
  secondary education and higher education.

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• Higher education is defined as all post-secondary
  programs with a duration of at least two years.
  The system consists of universities (state and
  foundation) and non-university institutions of
  higher education (police and military academies
  and colleges)..

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• Each university consists of faculties and
  four-year schools, offering bachelor's level
  programs, the latter with a vocational emphasis,
  and two year vocational schools offering
  pre-bachelor's (associate's) level programs of a
  strictly vocational nature.

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• Graduate-level programs consists of master's and
  doctoral programs, coordinated by graduate
  schools.
• Access to doctoral programs requires a master
  degree. Doctoral programs have a duration of
  minimum four years which consists of completion
  of courses, passing doctoral qualifying
  examination, and preparing and defending a
  doctoral thesis.

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Undergraduate education in aquaculture and
fisheries

• In Turkey, aquaculture education run within
  different structures based on universities
• 1.Faculties of Fisheries and Aquaculture
• 2.Departments of Fisheries and Aquaculture in the
  Faculties of Agriculture
• 3.Faculties of Marine Sciences

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• At Ankara University and other three public
  universities undergraduate courses are provided
  within the general higher education of
  agricultural engineers (4 years in length at
  universities) at the end of education students
  get a diploma with a certification in it about
  their specialization.

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• The Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture in
  Agricultural Faculty of Ankara University offers
  a degree in Agricultural Engineering with
  aquaculture specialisation, and follows a partly
  different organisational structure from the other
  Faculties of Fisheries Aquaculture.
• In Faculties of Fisheries and Aquaculture at
  various universities aquacultural engineer
  title is given.

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• Fisheries and Aquaculture courses both in
  Departmental structure and faculty organisation
  have a general framework, with some specialised
  elements Fisheries Biology, Ichthyology, Fish
  Diseases, Water Quality as well as Water
  Pollution, Aquaculture of Freshwater fishes,
  Marine fishes and Shellfish, Fishing Technology,
  Fisheries Management, Limnologia as well as
  oceanographia.

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Undergraduate courses

• FISH ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• SHELLFISH AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES
• PLANKTON AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES
• NET MATERIAL AND NETTING TECHNIQUES
• AQUARIUM FISH AND BREEDING TECHNIQUES
• FISH BIOLOGY

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• WATER QUALITY CRITERIA IN AQUACULTURE
• FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
• LIMNOLOGY
• OCEANOGRAPHY
• WATER POLLUTION AND CONTROL
• FISH DISEASES
• MARINE FISH AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES

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• FRESHWATER FISH AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES
• FISHING TECHNIQUES
• FISH BREEDING
• AQUATIC PLANTS AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES
• POPULATION DYNAMICS
• WATER TOXICOLOGY
• FISHERIES LAW AND REGULATIONS
• AQUACULTURE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
• AQUACULTURE PROJECTS
• GRADUATION THESIS
• PRACTICAL WORK (a total of 45 days, in fish
  farms, labs. etc)

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The course of Fish Diseases

• Course and laboratory work is given in 4 th year
  and the last semester (8th)
• Two hours theoroticaltwo hours lab./a week (a
  total of fourteen weeks)
• 4 ECTS
• Compulsory laboratory work has to be achieved
  before taking written final exam

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Contents of Fish Diseases Courses

• Basic aspects of fish physiology
• Basic aspects of fish immunology
• Disease Sypmtoms
• Behavioural sypmtoms of disease
• - General external visual signs
• - Internal signs of disease

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• 2. Infectious Diseases (Virus,Bacteria and Fungi)
• - Viral pathogens and diseases
• - Bacterial pathogens and diseases

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• Gram positive bacteria caused diseases
• Streptococcus spp.
• Renibacterium salmoninarum
• - Fungal pathogens and diseases
• Aphanomyces invadans
• Saprolegnia parasitica, S. dicline, S.
  invaderis
• Ichthyosporidium hoferi
• Branchiomyces sanguinis, B. demigrans

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• 3. Parasitic Diseases
• - Protozoonal diseases
• Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Ichthyobodo
  necatrix,Hexamita spp., Chilodonella cyprini,
  Trichodina spp., Epistylis spp., other species.
• - Monogenean and Digenean flukes
• Gyrodactylus spp., Dactylogyrus spp.
  Sanguinicola inermis, Diplostomum spp.
  Posthodiplostomum spp.
• - Tapeworms (Cestoda)
• Bothriocephalus acheliognathi, Ligula
  intestinalis, Diphyllobothrium latum,
  Proteocephalus spp.
• - Nematodes
• Cammallanus spp., Raphidascaris acus, Anisakis
  spp., Eustrongyloides spp., Philometra
  abdominalis.
• - Acanthocephalans

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• Parasitic Crustaceans
• Argulus spp., Lernaea spp., Ergasilus spp.,
• Non-infectious diseases
• . Environmental Diseases
• - Water quality (Temperature, Dissolved gases,
  pH, Nitrogenous wastes and other pollutanst
• Nutritionally Induced Diseases

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• - Nutrition related diseases
• Diseases of Eggs and Fry
• Management of Fish Health
• Treatment and Prophyllacis

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