O3 and fine particle pollution in China and regional air quality modeling

1
O3 and fine particle pollution in China and
regional air quality modeling

• Yuanhang Zhang
• College of Environmental Sciences
• Peking University
• Beijing 100871, China

2
Outline

• O3 in regions and high mountains
• PM2.5 in regions
• Trends in Beijing and Hong Kong (PRD)
• Regional global modeling

3
City Clusters (Mega City) Mega, large,
middle, small cities/towns connected
through intensely economic activities
Formed due to fast urbanization
City-Clusters in eastern coast areas
Vehicle in Beijing
PKU_ BOGES
Beijing-Tianjing
Mt. Waliguan
Wu Dang Mt
Yangtze River Delta
E_Mei Mt
Zhou Shan
Mt. Everest
Wu Yi Mt
Li Jiang
Pearl River Delta
Hai Nan
4
O3 pollution in Beijing
5
Spatial distribution of O3 in Beijing area (June
21-July 3, 2000)
8 hrs mean
Maximun
6
O3 in PKU campus April, July and August
7
Gaseous pollutants in Xinken (Rural area of
Guangzhou)
8
PRD regional O3 pollution
High O3 Conc.
9
O3 concentation in Yangtze Delta
JiaXin JianHu LinAn SheShan ChangShu
10
O3 in Mt. Everest
(From T. Zhu)
11
O3 in WaliguanGaw station
From CAMS
12
From Prof. Akimoto
13
From Prof. Akimoto
14
PM2.5 concentrations in several regions and
cities of China
2003,8 E_Mei Mt. 54 ug/m3 Wuyi Mt. 54 ug/m3
15
PM2.5 in fives stations in PRD
PM2.5/PM10 CH 0.87 HZ 0.70
WQS 0.69 UB 0.78 Aircraft 0.86

• Average during Oct 7-Nov 4, 2004

16
Chemical speciation of PM2.5
Beijing 95.5 ug/m3
Main chemical compositions of PM2.5 in several
locations, ug/m3
(Some data from joint project of PKU and Georgia
Tech)
SO42- NO3- NH4 OC 60-70
17
Variation of light scattering and absorption
coefficient in Guangzhou
Collaboration with MPI and IFT, Germany
0.83
300 61
18
Climate effects of aerosol pollution
SSA(0.87) GZ 0.83 Beijing 0.79
Lin-An 0.82
Collaboration with MPI and IFT, Germany

• Radiative forcing is negative
• 25 Wm2 TOA
• 100 Wm2 BOA
• 25 integral daylight decrease of BOA solar flux
• 37 decrease of NO2 photolysis rate

Guangzhou
19
Relationship between light absorption and OC/EC
in Guangzhou
Urban from MPI
babs 9.79 0.758OC 7.70EC R2 0.958
Xinken
EC70-80 OC20-30
20
Oxidative capacity in an increasing trend in Hong
Kong

• O3NO or O3
• 1ppb/yr

21
11 year Trend of O3 in Taipei (Shaw Liu)
O3
NO2
O3NO2
22
Changes of AOD in Beijing
From Li et al.
23
Changes of AOD in PRD
Gray Haze Day
From Li et al.
85 98
144
24
Long-range Trans-boundary Air Pollutants in
Northeast Asia

• Participants
• China
• Korea
• Japan
• Focus
• Concentrations of S, N, O3 and PM
• Wet and dry depositions
• Source and receptor relationship for sulfur
• In the second phase

25
Monthly average of SO2, NOx, O3, sulfate, March
2002 case
SO2
NOx
SO42-
O3
26
Source and receptor relationship for sulfur,
March 2002 case,
Source budget
Receptor budget
Very draft results
27

• Wang, Z.F of IAP
• GEATM development
• In operation
• SO2, SO42-, Dust, BC, Hg, etc.

SO2Simulation
SO2 Stateline data
28
GEATM
IMPACT,Chuang et al. 2002
IMPACT Chuang et al. 2002
GEATM
29
Net flux in each grid
In-flow
Out-flow
30
Summary

• O3 and fine particle concentration in China was
  high
• Trend?
• O3 and AOD, in increasing
• PM2.5?
• Regional global modeling