Characteristics and Challenges of Chinese Higher Education

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Characteristics and Challenges of Chinese Higher
Education

• Wu Xiaofeng
• Chen Xin
• Wen Dongmao

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Outline

• Brief Introduction to China
• Characteristics of Chinese HE
• Challenges

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Part 1Brief Introduction to China
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• A Big Country with Disparity
• Long History and Civilization
• A Developing Country

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• Population 1.3 Billion
• Four times more than the US,
• Land Area 9.6 Million Square Kilometers
• the Similar Land Size with US
• GDP Per Capital In 3100
• 1/10 of USA

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(No Transcript)
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Central Area
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64 of Land 4 of Population
East Area
2
36 of Land 96 of Population
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West Area
Hu HuanYong Line (????)
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Developingthe growth of GDP per capita
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Part 2 Some Characteristics of Chinese HE

• Biggest
• Expanding
• Stratification
• Privatization

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1, The Biggest HE System

• Basic Statistics of HE in China (2007)
• HEIs 2321
• Regular 1908
• Four year University 740
• Private 29
• 2-3 year college 1168
• Private 247
• Informal 413
• Faculty staff 1.97 million
• Faculty 1.17 Million

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• Basic Statistics of HE in China (2007)
• Total Enrolment 27 M.
• Regular 20 M.
• Post graduate 1.2M.
• Undergraduate 18.85 M.
• Informal 5.24 M
• Other self-study
• Gross Enrolment Rate 23

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2?Rapidly Expanding System

• New Enrollments
• 1998 1,0M.
• 2003 3,8m.
• 2007 ?
• 6.0

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Total Enrollments of Regular HEIs(in million)
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Gross Enrollment Rate by Age Cohort (1990-2005)
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3. Stratification

• Key School system from 1950s up to 2000s
• National key School
• Province key School
• County key school
• Key class
• Key University Policy from 1950s

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• Project 211
• Time Launched in 1995
• Goal building up 100 top level HEIs and key
  disciplines for the 21 century

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• Project 985
• Time Launched in May 1998
• Goal Aimed at developing 10 to 12 world-class
  universities, plus a number of renowned
  high-level research institutions

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Universities in Project 985

• Northwestern Polytechnical University
• Qinghua University
• Renmin University of China
• Shandong University
• Shanghai Jiaotong University
• Sichuan University
• South China University of Technology
• Southeast University
• Sun Yat-Sen University
• Tianjin University
• Tongji University
• University of Electronic Science and Technology
  of China
• University of Science and Technology of China
• Wuhan University
• Xiamen University
• Xian Jiaotong University
• Zhejiang University
• The second release (4)

• The first release (34)
• Beihang University
• Beijing Institute of Technology
• Beijing Normal University
• Beijing University
• Central South University
• Central University for Nationalities
• China Agricultural University
• China Ocean University
• Chongqing University
• Dalian University of Technology
• Fudan University
• Harbin Institute of Technology
• Huazhong University of Science and Technology
• Hunan University
• Jilin University
• Lanzhou University
• Nanjing University

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The Pyramid of Higher Education System in China
985 Univ. 38
211 Univ. 3864
Teaching Univ. 640
Vocational and technical college 1168
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4. Privatization

• People-run HEIs 276(2006)
• Converted HEIs 2-3(?)
• Affiliated colleges 318
• Students in Private HEIs 16
• Cost-sharing
• Government Allocation in nation education revenue
• 1990 63
• 2007 lt50

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Four Models for HE system
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Parts 3 Challenges

• Quantity
• Quality
• Equity

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1.Quantity

• the Gross Enrollment Rate
• 23 in 2007
• to 32 in 2020 ?
• The total Enrolments
• 27 million in 2007
• 2020?

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• The total Enrolments In 2020
• If the GER is 32 43 Millions
• If Increase by 5 every year 51 Millions

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Total Enrollments of Regular HEIs(in million)
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2.Quality

• Employment
• Creativity

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Number of Graduates of Regular Higher Education
(in million)
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3.Equity

• HE in less developed provinces
• HE for Disadvantaged Students

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Thanks