Title: SP111
1SP111
- Dr. Kelly Brennan
- Its great to have you here today!
2Benefits of Public Speaking
3Benefits of Public Speaking
- It is said that we learn
- 10 of what we read
- 20 of what we hear
- 30 of what we see
- 70 of what we speak
4Public Speaking
5Public Speaking
6Harvard Business Review 2005 states
- A recent survey of 428 personnel managers
indicated that oral communication skills were the
most important factors for obtaining employment
and promotions.
7US Dept. of Education 2005 reported that
- Language and thought are interconnected and as
undergraduate students develop their linguistic
skills, students hone the quality of their
thinking and become intellectually and socially
empowered.
8Lee Iacocca, Chairman of the Chrysler Corporation
once said
- The most important thing I learned in college
was how to communicate. You can have brilliant
ideas but if you cant get them across, your
brains wont get you anywhere.
9Ralph Waldo Emerson said
- All great speakers were once bad speakers. You
have to believe in yourself and know that it is
up to you and no one else to chose to be great.
Chose now to be great.
10Fear of Speaking or Communication Apprehension
(CA)
11Fear of Speaking or Communication Apprehension
(CA)
- Students tend to stress out in 3 different ways
before, during and after their speeches. - 1. Physiological
- 2. Emotional
- 3. Psychological
12Physical Stress
- Before Speech
- Sleepless nights
- Upset stomach
- Dizziness
- Tingling sensations in hands and/or legs
13Physical Stress
- During and After Speech
- Trembling knees
- Sweaty palms
- Light headedness
- Dry mouth
- Too much saliva
- Nervous cough or laugh
- Shaky or strained voice
14Emotional Stress
- Before, During and After Speech
- Feelings of overwhelmed fear
- Loss of control
- Depression
- Panic
- Anxiety
- Helplessness
- Anger
- Inadequacy
- And more
15Psychological Stress
- Before, During and After Speech
- Loss of memory
- Negative thoughts or self-talk
- Jumbled thought patterns
- Nervous repetition of words or phrases ah, umm,
you know? - Awkward pauses
16Youre not alone!
- Many people feel the fear and stress of public
speaking. No one is immune to the physiological,
psychological and emotional changes that come
with speaking opportunities. -
17Carol Burnett said
- The idea of making a speech terrifies me, I
become a nervous wreck. I would rather scrub
floors than give a public speech.
18Meryl Streep said
- It is odd, I have this career that spans the
globe but the pathetic reality is that I cannot
get up in front of a crowd of people and speak.
I get very nervous and freak out!
19Other people who feel this way are
- Ronald Regan
- Barbara Streisand
- Tom Cruise
- Oprah Winfrey
- George W. Bush
- Jewel
- Mel Gibson
- John F. Kennedy
- William Clinton
20(No Transcript)
21How do you cope with communication apprehension?
2212 Coping Strategies
- 1. Know how you react to stress.
2312 Coping Strategies
- 1. Know how you react to stress.
- 2. Know your strengths and weaknesses.
2412 Coping Strategies
- 1. Know how you react to stress.
- 2. Know your strengths and weaknesses.
- 3. Know basic speech principles.
2512 Coping Strategies
- 1. Know how you react to stress.
- 2. Know your strengths and weaknesses.
- 3. Know basic speech principles.
- 4. Know that it always looks and feels worse
from the inside.
2612 Coping Strategies
- 1. Know how you react to stress.
- 2. Know your strengths and weaknesses.
- 3. Know basic speech principles.
- 4. Know that it always looks and feels worse
from the inside. - 5. Know your speech.
2712 Coping Strategies
- 1. Know how you react to stress.
- 2. Know your strengths and weaknesses.
- 3. Know basic speech principles.
- 4. Know that it always looks and feels worse
from the inside. - 5. Know your speech.
- 6. Believe in your topic.
2812 Coping Strategies
- 7. View speechmaking positively.
2912 Coping Strategies
- 7. View speechmaking positively.
- 8. Visualize success.
3012 Coping Strategies
- 7. View speechmaking positively.
- 8. Visualize success.
- 9. Project confidence while speaking
3112 Coping Strategies
- 7. View speechmaking positively.
- 8. Visualize success.
- 9. Project confidence while speaking
- 10. Test your message by practicing in front of
friends.
3212 Coping Strategies
- 7. View speechmaking positively.
- 8. Visualize success.
- 9. Project confidence while speaking
- 10. Test your message by practicing in front of
friends. - 11. Practice your delivery.
3312 Coping Strategies
- 7. View speechmaking positively.
- 8. Visualize success.
- 9. Project confidence while speaking
- 10. Test your message by practicing in front of
friends. - 11. Practice your delivery.
- 12. Learn from experience.
34Give yourself permission to NOT be perfect!
- Known as the Locus of Power
- Train the butterflies to fly in formation ?
35Topic Selection
36Topic Selection
- Picking a topic for a speech is half the battle
in the speech making process.
37Topic Selection
- In order to select the best topic possible it is
imperative to note that there is no such thing as
the perfect topic, it doesnt exists! - There are two questions one needs to ask
themselves in order to pick the best topic
possible.
38Topic Selection
- What do you want to give your speech on?
- What will fit the speaking occasion?
- Take out a sheet of paper, please.
39Topic Selection
40Topic Selection
- Self-Generated
- Other-Generated
41Topic Selection
- Self-Generated
- Other-Generated
- Occasion-Generated
42Topic Selection
- Self-Generated
- Other-Generated
- Occasion-Generated
- Research-Generated
43Narrow Topic
- It is important to narrow down the topic to the
time parameter of the speaking assignment. - One method is known as Visual Brainstorming.
44Visual Brainstorming - Advertising
45Topic Selection 4 Qts.
- Am I interested or likely to become interested in
the topic?
46Topic Selection 4 Qts.
- Am I interested or likely to become interested in
the topic? - Is my audience interested or likely to become
interested in the topic?
47Topic Selection 4 Qts.
- Am I interested or likely to become interested in
the topic? - Is my audience interested or likely to become
interested in the topic? - Do I have sufficient time to research the topic?
48Topic Selection 4 Qts.
- Am I interested or likely to become interested in
the topic? - Is my audience interested or likely to become
interested in the topic? - Do I have sufficient time to research the topic?
- Do I understand the research enough articulate my
topic to the audience?
49Organization or Structure
50Body of Speech
- Write the body of the speech first, this is
accomplished through a process known as
outlining.
51Outline
52Outline
- Visual (working) Outline
- Formal Outline
53Outline
- Visual (working) Outline
- Formal Outline
- Speakers Outline
54Outline
- Visual (working) Outline
- Formal Outline
- Speakers Outline
- Look to the examples in the textbook and handout.
55Body of Speech usually has three main points
56Body of Speech usually has three main points
- Topical Division
- Chronological Division
57Body of Speech usually has three main points
- Topical Division
- Chronological Division
- Spatial Division
58Body of Speech usually has three main points
- Topical Division
- Chronological Division
- Spatial Division
- Cause/Effect Division
59Body of Speech usually has three main points
- Topical Division
- Chronological Division
- Spatial Division
- Cause/Effect Division
- Pro-con Division
60Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
61Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
- Examples
62Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
- Examples
- Stories
63Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
- Examples
- Stories
- Comparisons
64Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
- Examples
- Stories
- Comparisons
- Contrast
65Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
- Examples
- Stories
- Comparisons
- Contrast
- Statistics
66Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
- Examples
- Stories
- Comparisons
- Contrast
- Statistics
- Quotations
67Development Every speech needs to present
information. Some of the ways are
- Visual Aids size, appropriateness and quality.
- Examples
- Stories
- Comparisons
- Contrast
- Statistics
- Quotations
- Definitions
68Introduction 4 objectives
- 1. Get the attention of the audience
- Ask a question
- Arouse audiences curiosity
- Stimulate audiences imagination
- Quote
69Introduction 4 objectives
- 2. Establish the importance of your topic.
- 3. State your topic.
- 4. Preview your main points
- e.g., Today I am going to talk to you
about_______, by first_____, second______ and
finally______.
70Conclusion 2 objectives
- 1. Summarize your main points (also called a
review statement), this should parallel your
preview - e.g., Today I HAVE talked to you about_______,
by first_____, second______ and finally______.
71Conclusion 2 objectives
- 2. Conclusions should have a FINAL THOUGHT that
offers closure to your speech. - A popular method that speakers use is known as
CIRCULAR CONCLUSION that echoes or refers to
the attention-getting step of the introduction.
72Impromptu Speaking
- Mark Twain said It usually takes me more than
three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech. - But, you ask, how can I prepare if it is
impromptu?
73Impromptu Speaking
74Impromptu Speaking
- What is impromptu speaking?
755 steps to impromptu speaking
765 steps to impromptu speaking
775 steps to impromptu speaking
- 1. Select one thought.
- 2. Organize your thought into a pattern.
785 steps to impromptu speaking
- 1. Select one thought.
- 2. Organize your thought into a pattern.
- 3. Support your points with specifics.
795 steps to impromptu speaking
- 1. Select one thought.
- 2. Organize your thought into a pattern.
- 3. Support your points with specifics.
- 4. Construct an introduction.
805 steps to impromptu speaking
- 1. Select one thought.
- 2. Organize your thought into a pattern.
- 3. Support your points with specifics.
- 4. Construct an introduction.
- 5. Construct a conclusion.
81When selecting a word
- Today I have been given the word______ and when I
think of this word I think of_________. - I will talk about (word) by first____, and
Finally______.
82Impromptu Outline
- Introduction (30-45 seconds)
- Attention-getter
- Preview points
- Body (3 minutes)
- I. Main point (60-90 seconds)
- II. Main point (60-90 seconds)
- Conclusion (30-45 seconds)
- Summary of main points.
- Final Thought.
83Impromptu Process
84Impromptu Process
- 1. Students randomly called.
- 2. Select one word from assigned word bracket (4
words in bracket). - 3. Two minutes to prepare for your 3-5
minute speech. - 4. Give Speech Have fun!
85Practice words
- 1. Energy, Lamp, Music, Talk
- 2. Star, Ship, Mistake, Freedom
- 3. Plane, Water, Wish, Bill
86How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speechby
Chris King
87How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speech
88How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speech
- Be prepared
- Be willing and able
89How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speech
- Be prepared
- Be willing and able
- Organize your thoughts
90How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speech
- Be prepared
- Be willing and able
- Organize your thoughts
- Take the platform with enthusiasm and confidence
91How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speech
- Be prepared
- Be willing and able
- Organize your thoughts
- Take the platform with enthusiasm and confidence
- Never, never apologize or make excuses
92How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speech
- Be prepared
- Be willing and able
- Organize your thoughts
- Take the platform with enthusiasm and confidence
- Never, never apologize or make excuses
- Avoid the common blunders
93How to Give a Successful Impromptu Speech
- Be prepared
- Be willing and able
- Organize your thoughts
- Take the platform with enthusiasm and confidence
- Never, never apologize or make excuses
- Avoid the common blunders
- Enjoy the appreciation!
94Impromptu Speeches
- Relax
- Talk about what you know
- Dont worry about time
- Remember, when little has been given (TIME),
little can be expected. - HAVE FUN!
95Next Week
- Impromptu Speeches.
- Keep up on the readings and enjoy the process to
becoming a great speaker! ?
96See you next week ?