Southeast Asia

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Southeast Asia

• Power Point Notes

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S.E. Asia Facts

• Indonesia is the most populated country with over
  210 million people.
• The life expectancy (the average age a person is
  expected to live) of all but two countries is
  less than 70 years. Singapore and Brunei have a
  life expectancy of more than 70 years. The life
  expectancy in the U.S. is 77.8 years.
• Soccer and a form of boxing called Tai Chi are
  popular sports.
• Most popular sport is called Chinlon, in which a
  ball of woven cane is passed from player to
  player by hitting it with the feet, knees, or
  head.

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Chinlon
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Myanmar

• Once called Burma, has mountain ranges and two
  wide rivers the Irrawaddy and the Salween.
• Capital Yangon-formerly called Rangoon
• Tropical and subtropical climates influenced by
  monsoons, or seasonal winds that blow over a
  continent for months at a time.
• Most people farm.

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Myanmar (cont.)

• Exports - precious gems such as rubies,
  sapphires, and jade.
• The many forests are shrinking due to
  deforestation, or the widespread cutting of
  trees.
• The most densely populated part of the country is
  the fertile Irrawaddy River valley.

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Myanmar (Cont.)

• Major religion Buddhism
• Once part of India and colonized by the British.
• Became independent in 1948.
• Turned into a socialist government by military
  leaders.
• Socialism is an economic system in which most
  businesses are owned and run by the government.

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Thailand
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Thailand

• Capital Bangkok
• Thailand means land of the free
• The countrys main waterway is the Chao Phraya
  River.
• The only Southeast Asian country that has never
  been a European colony. Thailand still has a
  king and royal family.

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King of Thailand King Bhumipol Adulyadej Rama IX
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Chao Phraya River
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Chao Phraya River
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Thailand (cont.)

• An agricultural country, farmers grow rice, corn,
  fruits, and cassava as their main crops.
• Rich in mineral resources
• People of Thailand are called Thais.
• Major religion Buddhism

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The Cassava
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Rice farm in Thailand
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Buddhist Ceremony
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LAOS
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Laos

• Capital Vientiane
• People are called Laotians.
• Once a French colony, became independent in1953.
  
• Government Communist
• Communism an economic or political system based
  on the sharing of all work and property by the
  whole community.
• The government discourages religion.
• Major religion Buddhism
• Is an underdeveloped country due to civil war.

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Cambodia

• Capital Phnom Penh
• By the 1980s, its economy was in ruins because
  of years of civil war and harsh Communist rule.
• Main crop - rice
• Most of Cambodias people belong to the Khmer
  ethnic group.

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Communism and Socialism

• According to Marx, under socialism we have a
  dictatorship of the proletariat which is a
  government organized for the defense of survival
  "rights." Also, distribution goes by the
  principle "from each according to his/her
  ability, to each according to his/her work."
• Under communism, according to Marx, the
  government disappears and there is economic
  cooperation as well. The principle of
  distribution becomes "from each according to
  his/her ability, to each according to his/her
  need."

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Cambodia (cont.)

• 80 of the people live in rural villages.
• Main religion Buddhism
• Was a French colony, became independent in 1953.
• In 1993 Cambodia brought back its king.

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Vietnam

• Capital Hanoi
• East - Long coastline borders the Gulf of Tonkin,
  the South China Sea, and the Gulf of Thailand.
• North - lies the fertile delta of the Red River.
• Delta an area of land formed by soil deposits
  at the mouth of a river.
• South lies the wide, swampy delta of the Mekong
  River.

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Vietnam (cont.)

• Farming takes place near the river deltas.
• Northern and central Vietnam are rich in coal,
  natural gas, and other mineral resources.
• The south is a bustling commercial area with many
  factories and much industry.

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Vietnam (cont.)

• Once a French colony
• Vietnamese Communists drove out French rulers in
  1954.
• Communist government controlled northern Vietnam,
  while an American-supported government ruled the
  south. In the 1960s, fighting between these two
  groups led to the Vietnam War.
• The war officially ended in 1975 and the
  Communists soon recaptured the south.

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Fall of US Embassy in Saigon
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Malaysia

• Capital Kuala Lumpur
• Malaysia has three parts an area known as
  Malaya occupies the southern end of the Malay
  Peninsula. The other two parts lie on the island
  of Borneo. They are the territories of Sarawak
  and Sabah.
• West of Malaya lies the Strait of Malacca.
• Strait narrow body of water between two pieces
  of land.

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Malaysia (cont.)

• The Strait of Malacca is an important waterway
  for trade between the Indian Ocean and the Java
  Sea.
• Economy Agriculture is an important activity.
  The territories of Sabah and Sarawak are rich in
  oil and natural gas.
• Exports One of the worlds leaders in exporting
  rubber and palm oil.
• Once a British colony, became independent in
  1963.
• Government Constitutional Monarchy

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Singapore

• Lies off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula.
• Made up of Singapore Island and 58 smaller
  islands.
• One of the worlds smallest countries.
• Economy Based mainly on trade and
  manufacturing.
• City of Singapore has one of the busiest harbors.
  It is a free port.

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Singapore (cont.)

• Free port a place where goods can be loaded or
  unloaded, stored, and shipped again without
  payment of import taxes.
• Once was a British colony, became independent in
  1965.

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Brunei

• Capital Bandar Seri Begawan
• Major Religion Islam
• Made up of two wedges of land separated by the
  Malaysian territory.
• Low plains, coastal swamps, and mountains cover
  the country.
• Economy based on oil and natural gas
• Government country ruled by Bruneis sultan.
• Sultan Islamic title given to a ruler.

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Philippines

• Capital Manila
• Located east of Vietnam in the South China Sea.
• It is an archipelago of more than 7,000 islands.
• Largest islands are Luzon and Mindanao.
• 40 of the people farm.
• Lava from volcanoes provides fertile soil for
  farming. Much of the farming is done on terraced
  fields.
• Terraced fields strips of land cut out of a
  hillside like stair steps.

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Philippines

• Once a Spanish colony, the Philippines was
  controlled by the US from 1898 until W W II.
• Country named after King Philip II of Spain
• Gained independence in 1946.
• Government Democratic Republic
• Native people are called Filipinos.
• Major religion Roman Catholic

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Indonesia

• Capital Jakarta
• Southeast Asias largest country.
• Archipelago of more than 13,600 islands.
• Sprawls over an area where two of the earths
  tectonic plates meet.
• Tectonic plates huge slabs of rock that make up
  the earths crust.
• Because of this, Indonesia experiences many
  earthquakes.

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Indonesia (cont.)

• The major islands are Sumatra, Java, and
  Celebes.
• Borneo and New Guinea are two other large islands
  shared with other countries.
• The volcanoes that formed Indonesia have left a
  rich covering of ash that makes the soil good for
  farming.
• The tropical climate combined with fertile soil
  has allowed dense rain forests to spread.

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Indonesia (cont.)

• Economy Most Indonesians work in agriculture.
  The country has large reserves of oil and natural
  gas.
• Foreign companies build factories on the island
  of Java because labor is cheap.
• Location of Java makes it easy to ship goods.

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Indonesia (cont.)

• People fourth largest population in the world.
• One of the most densely populated countries in
  the world.
• Major ethnic group Malay
• Official language Bahasa Indonesia
• Major religion Islam
• Once was a Dutch colony, gained independence in
  1949.

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Indonesia (cont.)

• Since the 1960s, unrest and civil war have
  occurred on several islands.
• Civil war fighting within a country
• Government used to be a dictatorship but now
  has a democratic government.