Application Building with XML: Standards, Tools, and Demos

1
Application Building with XML Standards, Tools,
and Demos

• Richard Marciano, Bertram Ludaescher
• MARCIANO,LUDAESCH_at_SDSC.EDU
• Data Intensive Computing Environments (DICE)
• San Diego Supercomputer Center, UCSD

2
Goals of the Tutorial

• MORNING
• overview of the big XML picture and some gory
  details
• what is XML and how can it be used in
  architectures and applications
• what are standard tools and how to find new ones
  
• querying XML
• transforming XML
• some demos of actual use of XML
• AFTERNOON
• data modeling with XML
• vector graphics with XML and online mapping
  applications
• wireless applications of XML

3
Part I (M5A) Module Outline-- morning --

• XML core (README.FIRST)
• overview, the XML 1.0 Specification syntax,
  namespaces, DTDs, ...
• Querying and transforming XML
• XPath, Quilt, XSLT,
• Demonstration session
• XML in action

4
Part II (M5B) Module Outline-- afternoon --

• 130pm-3pm
• Data modeling with XML
• XML jumpstart
• XML schema extensions (XML Schema, RELAX, ...)
• from Data to Knowledge Representations UML, RDF,
  Topic Map, ...
• 315pm-4pm
• XML Graphics GIS applications
• VML, SVG, GIS
• AxioMap Demos
• 415pm-5pm
• Wireless XML applications (WAP)
• WAP architecture
• WML, WMLScript
• Dynamic WAP
• Demos

5
Wireless Applications XML

• Bertram Ludaescher, Richard Marciano
• LUDAESCH,MARCIANO_at_SDSC.EDU
• Data Intensive Computing Environments (DICE)
• San Diego Supercomputer Center, UCSD

6
Overview

• WAP Overview
• WAP Architecture
• WML
• WMLScript
• Dynamic Generation of WAP
• Converting Existing Web Sites to WAP
• WAP Demos
• References

7
Wireless Access Protocol (WAP) Overview

• WAP 1997 --gt WAP Forum (Phone.com, Ericsson,
  Motorola, Nokia) communications protocol
  application environment for transmitting data
  (simple text and monochrome pictures) to a mobile
  device
• Wireless Networks
• GSM (lt 9.6 kbps) Global System for Mobile
  communications
• location-based services --gt need for new WAP
  protocol
• bearer services SMS (short message service), CSD
  (circuit switched data)
• GPRS (lt115 kbps) General Packet Radio Service
• 3G mobile internet UMTS (lt 2 mbps) -- Universal
  Mobile Telephone System
• i-mode in Japan with NTT DoCoMo (packet-based
  network)
• Bluetooth Technology

8
WAP Architecture
Next 3 slides are from www.wapforum.org
WAP Gateway translates between HTTP WAP
9
Comparison between Internet WAP
Internet
10
WAP Compiled Byte Streams
Big pipe vs. small pipe
11
Wireless Markup Language (WML)

• WML history ver. 1.0 (Apr 98), 1.1 (Jun 99),
  1.2 (Nov 99), 1.3 (Jul 00)
• XML syntax with elements of HTML4 HDML2
• WML document deck
• deck transportation container for one or more
  cards
• card unit of navigation and user interface
• a WAP site sends a deck to a WAP browser (browser
  decides how to display!)
• supports
• text (bold, italics, underlined, line breaks,
  tables)
• black white images (WBMP wireless bitmap)
• user input
• variables
• navigation history stack
• scripting (WMLScript) separate to decks, sent
  to client on use

12
WML Hello World!
13
WML Hello World! Multi-card
14
WML Elements

• STATE MODEL
• WML includes support for managing user agent
  state
• variables
• history
• implementation-dependent state
• Browser context
• state is stored in a single scope a browser
  context
• WML content can be parameterized using variables
  setvar
• Navigation
• Events Timers
• Form Data
• Advanced Display
• Text Styles

15
WML Navigation

• Tasks specify processing that is performed in
  response to an event such as timer expiring,
  entering a card, or activating an anchor element
• setvar element specifies the variable to set in
  the current browser context as a side effect of
  executing a task
• do element when a user activates a do element,
  the associated task is executed. Type attribute
  is a hint and can be accept, prev, help, reset,
  options, delete
• Tasks can contain anchor element links
• go navigation to a URI
• -gt HTTP GET to /foo?x1
• -gt HTTP POST to /bar with w12ytest
• prev navigate to previous URI on the history
  stack
• noop specifies that nothing should be done,
  i.e., no operation.
• refresh update of the user agent context as
  specified by the setvar elements

ltgo href/foogt ltpostfield namex
value1/gt lt/gogt
ltgo href/bargt ltpostfield namew
value12/gt ltpostfield namey
valuetest/gt lt/gogt
16
WML Events

• Intrinsic events are generated when a card is
  made visible, by
• navigating through to it (onenterforward event)
  using do or entering a URL directly
• returning to it (onenterbackwards event)
• when a set amount of time has expired (ontimer
  event)
• when a selection is made (onpick event)
• The WML elements capable of generating events
  when the user interacts with them are card and
  template (for the first 3) and option for the 4th
  --gt Event Handlers
• Examples
• ltcard onenterforward/urlgt ltpgtHellolt/pgt lt/cardgt
• ltcardgt
• ltonevent typeonenterforwardgtltgo
  href/url/gt lt/oneventgt
• ltpgtHellolt/pgt
• lt/cardgt
• ltcard ontimernowgt lttimer value100/gt
  lt/cardgt
• ltcard idnowgt ltpgtlt/pgt lt/cardgt

17
WML Form Data

• ltinputgt
• ltselectgt
• ltoptiongt
• ltoptgroupgt
• ltfieldsetgt grouping of related fields text

18
WML Advanced Display

• Tables
• Images

ltcard titleWelcomegt ltp aligncentergt ltimg
srceye.wbmp alteye/gt lt/pgt lt/cardgt
19
WML Text Styles

• Bold ltbgtlt/bgt
• Italic ltigtlt/igt
• Underline ltugtlt/ugt
• Emphasis ltemgtlt/emgt
• Strong ltstronggtlt/stronggt
• Big ltbiggtlt/biggt
• Small ltsmallgtlt/smallgt
• In WML all text must be between ltpgtlt/pgt
• Line Wrapping
• ltp alignleft right centergt
• ltp modewrap nowrapgt

20
WMLScript

• Low-fat version of JavaScript, but client-side
  ONLY
• Stored in a separate file, accessible through URL
• Functions, Statements, Libraries
• WMLScript Standard Library
• Bytecode-based virtual machine

21
Dynamic WAP

• Microsoft ASP WAP
• Java and Servlets or JSPs for generating WAP
  decks
• XSLT

22
Converting Existing Web Sites to WAP(from
Professional WAP)

• Fully automated converters
• Phone.com
• Argo Actigate
• Configurable converters
• Oracles Portal-to-Go http//www.oracle.com/html
  /portaltogo.html
• Spyglass Prism
• Orchids Webshaper
• Conversion by Source Modification
• TRANSWAP http//amaro.g-art.nl/info.html
• OmniMark http//omnimark.com

23
WAP Demos

• Demos here!

24
References

• Professional WAP, Wrox Publishing 2000
• WAP Forum http//www.wapforum.org
• Wireless Developer Network http//www.wirelessdev
  net.com
• Web Reference http//www.webreference.com/authori
  ng/languages/xml/wml.htm
• http//www.wapdevelopers.org
• WBMP Clip Art http//www.hicon.nl/cgi-bin/librar
  y/clipart/clipart.pl
• WAP browsers
• Nokia http//www.nokia.com
• Ericsson http//www.ericsson.se/WAP
• UP.Browser from Phone.com http//updev.phone.com
  
• WinWAP http//www.slobtrot.com
• Motorola http//www.motorola.com
• Gelon.net http//www.gelon.net
• WAPman from Palm http//palmsoftware.tucows.com
• Transcoding
• http//www-4.ibm.com/software/webservers/transcodi
  ng/
• Smart Transcoder http//www.zvon.org/index.php?n
  av_id40
• http//www.anywhereyougo.com
• http//www.thewapgroup.com