Second Hand Smoke Group 6 Section 013

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Second Hand SmokeGroup 6 Section 013

• Ryan M.
• Kylie M.
• Joe M.
• Matt M.
• Brandi M.
• Kati M.

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Second Hand Smoke

• A mixture of smoke given off by both the burning
  end of a cigarette or cigar and the smoke exhaled
  from the lungs of smokers.
• Was not recognized until the late 1980s and
  early 1990s

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Popular Names

• Involuntary Smoking
• Passive Smoking
• Environmental Tobacco Smoke(ETS)

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Statistics

• Non smokers do not have a filter to block harmful
  substances
• 4,000 substances
• 40 are cancerous
• 150,000 to 300,000 cases in children under 18
  months per year

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Statistics(cont.)

• Canada-400,000 cases cause children to visit
  hospitals
• Doubled that in the United States
• People who live with smokers are at a much higher
  risk of lung related illnesses than those who
  live in a smoke free household

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Effects on Children

• ETS has greater effect on children
• Fluid buildup in the middle ear
• Development of a cough or wheeze
• Smaller lungs
• More active than adults
• More breathes than adults

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Effects on Children(cont.)

• Ear infections
• Tubes in ears
• Lung infections
• Tonsil removal
• ETS exposure increases the risk of lower
  respiratory track infections such as Bronchitis
  and Pneumonia.
• Environmental Protection Agency

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Environmental Protection Agency

• Nation wide activities and proposals
• Campaign to keep homes smoke-free
• EPA administrator Christie Whitman
• October 2001
• 300,000 brochures

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EPA(cont.)

• Laws and regulations against Second Hand Smoke
• Restaurants
• Taverns and Bars
• Smoking and Drinking

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Sixteen Cities Study

• Roger A. Jenkins
• Andi Z. Palasky
• Richard W. Counts
• Michael R. Guerin
• Amy B. Dindal
• Charles K. Bayne

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Study(cont.)

• Oak Ridge National Laboratory
• Society for Risk Analysis Annual Symposium on
  Health Risk Assessment
• October 1997
• Objectives
• To determine personal exposure
• Four different environments

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Study(cont.) Table 1
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Study(cont.)

• Divided into sixteen groups
• 100 non-smokers
• Different cities
• Diverse cities
• Seattle, San Antonio, Indianapolis, and
  Philadelphia
• Criteria
• Over 18
• Worked Full-Time
• Gone six or more months without tobacco

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Study(cont.) Exposure to ETS

• Salvia Samples
• Beginning and End
• Test levels of Cotinine
• Chemical from cigarettes
• Stays in salvia after exposure

• Air Pump
• Completely concealed
• Noise Proofing
• Tested the air
• particle filter
• Cyclone Separator
• Cartridge to measure levels of ETS vapor

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Study(cont.) Table 2
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Results of Study

• Smoke at home and work-five times as many harmful
  substances-no smoke in the homes
• Most exposure to Fluorescing particle matter
• Twice as much as others
• Majority of smoke exhaled contains this

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Conclusions

• Subjects who live and work in smoking
  environments are exposed to 30-60 times more ETS
  than those in non-smoking environments.
• ETS levels in smoking households are lower than
  they were in previous studies, this could be due
  to increased awareness.
• The home is by far the most ETS harmful, due to
  the amount of time spent there.

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Concentrations of ETS Markers
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Web Sites

• http//yosemite1.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/b1ab9f48
  5b098972852562e7004/7fffff38bb3c85256ae7005dda71?
  opendocument
• http//www.no-smoke.org/smoke_air.html
• http//www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/etsfs.html
• http//www.hcsc.gc.ca/hppb/tobaccoreduction/factsh
  eets/passive.htm
• http//www.canadian-health-network.ca/faq/tobaccot
  abagisme/8e.html
• http//www.fensende.com/Users/swnymph/refs/-smoke.
  html
• http//www.ornl.gov/divisions/casd/Jenkins/16citie
  s/sld001.htm
• http//www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/estbro.html