June 16, 2004 FHWA Talking Freight Seminar - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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June 16, 2004 FHWA Talking Freight Seminar

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One half of all LB cargo moves east of Rockies. Chicago: 3- 4 days. NY: 5-6 days. ... Moving Toyota to North Harbor & Expanding Pier A current Hanjin location ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: June 16, 2004 FHWA Talking Freight Seminar


1
June 16, 2004 FHWA Talking Freight Seminar
  • Programming for Trade Growth
  • Louis Rubenstein
  • Port Traffic Engineer

  • r8

2
Outline
  • Growth Trends
  • Container Shipping Basics
  • Bigger Ships, Terminals
  • Landside Impact
  • Constraints
  • Expansion Programs
  • Environment
  • Reducing Truck Impacts

3
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4
Why has West Coast Trade Increased?
  • Overall Growth in World Trade
  • Income growthas reflected in GDP growth
  • Decline in tariff barriers19747.1
    current1.9
  • Decline in transportation costlarge ships
    double tracks
  • West Coast Competitive Advantages
  • Increase in Asia trades-- U.S. in 19708
    200240
  • Post Panamax container vesselsshipsgt106 ft beam
  • Intermodal rail system and connecting freeways
  • Good weather
  • Large local market
  • Labor supply

5
Socal Ports May Lose Market Share
  • Showing a steady increase since the mid-1990s,
    the Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles lost 1.5
    market share in the first half of 2003
  • Increased capacity at PNW ports
  • Increased capacity on all-water routes
  • West coast currently 48 US total sea trade
  • Growing freeway congestion

6
National Demand
  • One half of all LB cargo moves east of Rockies.
  • Chicago 3- 4 days.
  • NY 5-6 days.

7
2. Container Shipping Basics
  • Competition
  • Service and market share higher priority than
    cost
  • Sample fee ship 20 ft container from Shanghai
    to Oakland 1900, to Chicago 2500 - Oakland to
    Shanghai 700
  • Volume measured in TEUs, twenty foot equivalent
    units, 80 are FEUs (40 ft)
  • Weekly service N Asia loading 4 days, sea
    journey 2x6500 miles (27 days) N America
    loading 4 days
  • 6000 TEU ship capital cost 120 m or 20,000/TEU
  • Operating cost 4000 TEU ship - 15/TEU/Day
  • 12,000 TEU ship -
    12/TEU/Day

8
Terminal Land ThroughputFactors dwell
time, value, stack height, empties, crane rates,
handlings, sorts, random pick up, inspection
  • Container Yard
    /TEU
  • 8500 TEU/acre/yr new stacking system
  • 7000 TEU/acre/yr grounded
  • 3800 TEU/acre/yr wheeled
  • On Dock Rail Yard
  • 10 container lifts/track foot year
  • 1 acre of rail yard/1000 feet track

9
 
www.rutner.com/LOGT4232/slides/LOGT20423220Ch06
20-20Liners.pdf
10
3. Bigger Ships Bigger Terminals
  • 10,000 TEU ship weekly service, 85 discharge
  • 442,000 x 2 884,000 TEU/yr
  • If wheeled 3800 TEU/acre/yr 230 acres
  • If grounded 7000 TEU/acre/yr 125 acres
  • If 25 by rail ?221,000/10 22,100 track feet
  • rail yard
    22 acres

  • 20 TEU, 80 FEU 491,000 containers/yr
  • 1.3 truck trips/container, 5.3 days/wk 2300
    truck trips/ day (0 rail)

11
Megaships

12
8000 TEU Ships
13
Limits to Ship Size
  • Demand
  • Suez Canal 12,000 TEU
  • L 1312, W 185,
    D56, AD 185
  • Panama Canal Current 4,400 TEU
  • W106
  • Future 12,000 TEU
  • Malacca Strait 18,000 TEU
  • Port Infrastructure
  • Bridge heights, channel depths widths

14
4. Landside Impact - POLA/LB Inland Flows
15
POLB/POLA Daily Trips
230,235 PCEs
98,490 PCEs (Passenger-car-equivalents)
16
5. Constraints -Major California / Federal Laws
  • CA Existing ports encouraged to modernize
    construct within existing boundaries
  • No new ports allowed on coastline
  • Limits physical boundaries of Port
  • Tidelands Trust
  • Truck appointments
  • EIR
  • Federal Wetlands, EIS
  • Marine Transportation Security Act

17
Community Relations
  • Some activists are calling for a halt to Port
    growth
  • If we dont grow responsibly, public opposition
    could grow
  • Infrastructure improvements depend on community
    support
  • All stakeholders in the supply chain must become
    more aware of community concerns

18
6. Expansion ProgramsMegaterminals
19
Mega-Container Terminal Program
  • 5 Terminals
  • Each 300 Acres
  • Piers T, A, E, G, J
  • Pier S (217 Acres)
  • North Harbor Planning Study
  • Moving Toyota to North Harbor Expanding Pier
    A current Hanjin location

20
Megaterminal Program Cost
  • Total Cost 1.9 Billion in process of revising
    upward
  • Does Not Include
  • Pier W big fill
  • North Harbor Redevelopment

21
Further Landfill
22
TONNAGE SHARE OF U.S. CONTAINER TRADENational
Dredging Needs Study of U.S. Ports and Harbors
Update 2000 (USACE DRI WEFA)
23
Gerald Desmond Bridge Replacement
  • Est. cost 711M (escalated)
  • Part of I 710 Freeway expansion, 20 miles 4
    billion

24
H-Tower with Straight Legs
25
Port of Long BeachRail Master Planning Study
  • Railyard capacity model
  • Intermodal mode split analysis
  • Rail simulation model rail LOS

26
Baseline Rail Yard Projects (2020)Mega-Terminal
Program

Total Cost 293 million
27
7. Environment
  • Port equipment alternative fuels study
  • Yard equipment diesel equipment reduction program
  • Yard equipment alternative fuels
  • Slow ship lanes
  • Cold ironing
  • Short line RR diesel emission reduction
  • Coke terminal dust control

28
Marine Locomotive Contribution to Statewide NOx
Emissions
7
6
3
9
5
5
2000
2020
2010
29
Marine Locomotive Contribution to Statewide
Diesel PM Emissions
10
6
10
26
8
15
2000
2020
2010
30
8. Reducing Truck Impacts
  • Extended gate hours 15 night ? 40
  • Virtual empty container yard (-5)
  • Virtual weigh in motion
  • Electronic seals, RFID tags improved
  • terminal/trucker communications
  • Additional on dock, near dock rail (-10 )
  • Share train yard
  • Shuttle trains - east and west bound, local,
    intermodal
  • SR47 (Alameda St) Truck Expressway (-7)
  • I710, bridge improvements

31
Port Container Traffic - Rail vs. Truck
32
Agile Port
  • Block Swap
  • Full-length trains are built at the on-dock
    yard, but they consist of blocks of cars (10
    containers/car) each sorted for specific eastern
    destinations. At the inland facility, these
    blocks are then sorted with blocks from other
    trains to create destination-specific unit
    trains.
  • No Sort Shuttle Trains
  • Unsorted full-length trains are built at the
    marine terminal. All sorting of containers into
    destination-specific unit trains is done at the
    inland facility. Requires the container to be
    offloaded from the inland facility to other
    destination specific trains.

33
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