Mod

1
Mod 19 Personality Theories

• Freuds Ideas Psychodynamic Theory
• Importance of early childhood
• Conscious
• Unconscious

2
Psychodynamic Theory (contd)

• Unconscious motivation
• Free Association
• Dream Interpretation
• Freudian Slips
• Projective Tests Thematic Apperception Test
  (TAT), The Roberts, The Rorschach
• Pull for emotional information
• Questionable reliability and validity

3
Psychodynamic Theory (contd)

• Mind Divisions
• ID - biological drives
• EGO (Reality balance btwn ID/Superego
• SUPEREGO- Strict moral standards

4
Psychodynamic Theory (contd)

• Defense Mechanisms
• Rationalization
• Denial
• Repression
• Projection
• Reaction Formation

5
Psychodynamic Theory (contd)

• Defense Mechanisms (contd)
• Displacement
• Sublimation

6
Psychosexual Stages

• Conflicts with body zones
• Oral
• Anal
• Phallic
• Latency
• Genital Puberty
• Fixation Blocked in a stage

7
Followers of Freud

• Jung (Collective Unconscious) -
• Adler
• Horney
• Erikson Psychosocial stages

8
Validity Impact of Freud

• Covers many puzzling behaviors
• Not predictive
• -nonclinical populations

9
Humanism

• Phenomenology your perception of the world,
  whether accurate or not, becomes your reality
• Holistic view
• Self-Actualization (Maslows hierarchy)

10
Humanism

• Cross-cultural applications
• Mentoring programs
• Big Brothers Partners -gt 245-5555)
• Remarkable achievements resiliency from
  impoverished groups

11
Humanism

• Self Theory tendency towards Self-Actualization
  
• Self-Concept
• Real Self based on actual experience,
• Ideal Self based on hopes, wishes,

12
Humanism

• Positive Regard
• Conditional
• Unconditional
• Contrast with Conditioning principles???

13
Mod 20 Personality Theories

• Social-Cognitive Theory (Bandura)
• Reciprocal Determinism
• Cognitive Factors
• Language Ability
• Observation
• Purposeful Behavior
• Self-Analysis

14
Personal Factors

• Locus of Control
• Internal Self controls situations
• rewards
• External fate/others control
  situations/rewards

15
Personal Factors

• Delay of Gratification
• Self-efficacy

16
Environmental Factors

• Social, political, family, community, cultural
  factors which contribute to oppression versus
  opportunity

17
Trait Theories

• Stable, enduring tendencies to behave in a
  certain way
• Factor Analysis one statistical method of
  grouping characteristics into traits

18
Five Factor Model (OCEAN)

• Openness Novelty vs narrow
• Conscientiousness responsible vs. impulsive
• Extraversion outgoing vs. withdrawn
• Agreeableness warm vs. distant, cold
• Neuroticism stable vs. nervous, unstable

19
Five Factor Model (OCEAN)

• Person Situation Interaction
• Stability vs. Change
• People report more change than really occurs

20
Research on Trait Theory

• Appear valid due to replication of studies across
  cultures, ages
• Moderate predictive value
• Reactions to environments

21
Quantum Change(research) pg. 470

• Sudden, radical shift
• Specific date time
• Surprising intense though
• High emotional
• Possible negative life experience
• Positive impact over time

22
Behavioral Genetics

• Inherited factors interact with psychological
  factors to produce personality
• Heritability
• Twin studies

23
Behavioral Genetics

• Influences
• Genetic Factors
• Nonshared environment factors
• Error 26
• Shared environment factors -

24
Cultural Diversity (resolving conflict)

• Interpersonal Conflict
• Individualistic priority of self-promotion
• Collective priority on group goals

25
Overview of Personality Theories

• Psychodynamic
• Conscious / Unconscious
• Free Association / Dream Interpretation
• Id, Ego, Superego
• Psychosexual Stages

26
Overview of Personality Theories

• Humanistic
• Phenomenology
• Holistic
• Self-Actualization (Maslows Hierarchy)
• Self Theory Real vs. Ideal

27
Overview of Personality Theories

• Social- Cognitive Theory
• Behavior, Cognitive-Personal, Environment
• Language, Observation, Purpose, Self-
• Analysis
• Locus of Control, Delay of Gratification
• Self-Efficacy

28
Overview of Personality Theories

• Trait Theory
• 5-Factor (OCEAN)
• Change vs. Stability
• Person-Situation Interaction
• Genetic component