Enhancing Library Catalogs for Music

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Enhancing Library Catalogs for Music

• John Anderies
• Music Librarian
• Haverford College
• Tri-College Consortium
• Conference on
• Music Technology in the
• Liberal Arts Environment
• June 22, 2004
• Hamilton College

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Overview

• Text based enhancements
• Visual resource enhancements
• Music related enhancements
• Organizational changes FRBR
• Notated incipits
• Audio content
• Score images

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Why enhance records

• Replicates the browse shelf environment
• Increases use
• 26,490 items (HM monographs) added between 99-02
• 10,--- with no TOC circulated 1.35 times on
  average
• 16,--- with TOC circulated 2.39 times on average
• Promotes the identification of needed item
• Information may be used in collections
  development
• You tell me!

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Text-based enhancements

• Enhancements
• TOC
• Publisher descriptions
• Full text
• Reviews

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ONIX

• Acronym for ONline Information eXchange
• A standard designed to facilitate exchange of
  bibliographic information from publishers to
  booksellers
• Maintained by EDItEUR in conjunction with BISG
  (US) and BIC (UK)
• Contains elements that go beyond what MARC record
  contains, including some multimedia files
• Front and back cover images
• Publishers descriptions
• Book reviews
• Excerpts/sample chapters
• Related sound/video files

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BEAT

• Acronym for Bibliographic Enrichment Advisory
  Team
• A program of the Library of Congress Cataloging
  Directorate
• Initiatives to add data to bibliographic records,
  including
• dTOC digital tables of contents
• ONIX Descriptions publishers descriptions of
  books
• ONIX Sample Texts excerpts, cover images

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LC Catalog records

• In the public display in LCs catalog, there
  might be an extra section called Links with
  (for example)
• Links Sample text
• Links Publisher description
• Links Table of contents
• An example of an LC bib record with all three
  enhancements is
• The Evolutionary emergence of language social
  function and the origins of linguistic form /
  edited by Chris Knight, Michael Studdert-Kennedy,
  James R. Hurford.(Cambridge University Press,
  2000)

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LC Browse Screen
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LC bib record with links
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LC MARC Record
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LC Sample text
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LC Publisher description
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Third party enhancements

• Blackwell (TOCs back to 1991)
• Syndetic Solutions (also cover art and sample
  texts)
• New venture among college libraries, CLIR,
  Mellon, RLG, DLF, ARL for pre-1990 monographs
• Robert Kieft, Collaborative Project to Enhance
  Library Catalog Browsing CLIR Issues, no. 36,
  March/April 2004

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Visual resources enhancements

• Digital assets management (DAM) systems
• The Museum System
• MDID
• Luna
• Canto from Cumulus
• DLXS (open source)
• Vernon Systems
• Multi Mimsy
• ContentDM
• Greenstone (opensource)
• Fedora

• Modules purchased from ILS vendors
• Innovative (MAP and WebBridge)
• SIRSI (Hyperion Digital Media Archive)
• Endeavor (ENCompass for Digital Collections)
• Ex libris (ALEPH Digital Asset Module (ADAM))
• GEAC (none, but has Syndetic Solutions)
• Dynix (Horizon Digital Library)
• VTLS (Vital)

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Music related enhancements

• FRBR
• Incipits
• Audio
• Score images

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The FRBR ModelFunctional Requirements for
Bibliographic Records

• Report published in 1997 by IFLA (International
  Federation of Library Associations and
  Institutes)
• Conceptual model of the entities and
  relationships inherent in the bibliographic
  universe independent of any cataloging code or
  implementation
• Within the context of a changing cataloging
  environment

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FRBREntities

• Group 1 Entities
• products of intellectual and artistic endeavor
• Work (a distinct intellectual or artistic
  creation an abstract entity)
• Expression (the intellectual or artistic
  realization of a work an abstract entity)
• Manifestation (the physical embodiment of an
  expression of a work a concrete entity)
• Item (a single exemplar of a manifestation a
  concrete entity)

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FRBREntities

• Group 2 Entities
• those responsible for the intellectual or
  artistic content, the physical production and
  dissemination, or the custodianship of the
  entities in the first group
• Person (an individual)
• Corporate Body (an organization or group of
  individuals and/or organizations acting as a unit)

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FRBREntities

• Group 3 Entities
• subjects of works
• Concept (an abstract notion or idea)
• Object (a material thing)
• Event (an action or occurrence)
• Place (a location)

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FRBRRelationships Within Group 1
w1 J.S. Bachs Goldberg variations e1
performance by Glenn Gould recorded in 1981 m1
recording released on 33 1/3 rpm sound disc in
1982 by CBS Records i1 copy held at SC m2
recording re-released on compact disc in 1993 by
Sony i1 first copy held at HC i2 second
copy held at HC e2 performance by Ton Koopman
recorded in 1987 m1 recording released on
compact disc in 1988 by Erato i1 copy held at
HC e3 keyboard score edited by Ralph
Kirkpatrick m1 edition published in 1938 by G.
Shirmer i1 copy held at BMC
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FRBRRelationships Between Entities

• Between Group 1 and Group 2 Entities

Work
Person
is created by
Expression
Person
is realized by
Corporate body
Manifestation
is produced by
Item
Corporate body
is owned by

• Between Group 1 and Group 3 Entities

Concept
Work
is the subject of
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FRBRUses

• Save time (works need only be cataloged once,
  etc.) easier cataloging
• Searches produce better results
• Brings together multiple manifestations in music
• Better logic and organization
• VTLS Virtuas FRBR-ized Catalog
• Innovative developing a FRBR key
• OCLC trials / XWC (Extended WorldCat)
• RLG Web Union Catalog / RedLightGreen
• Indiana Universitys Variations 2 Digital Music
  Library

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Incipits

• MARBI/RISM
• Machine-Readable Bibliographic Information
  committee (ALA)
• Répertoire International des Sources Musicales /
  International Inventory of Musical Sources
• Discussion Paper 2004-DP01 Changes Needed to
  Accommodate RISM Data--Music Incipits
• Plaine Easie Code / DARMS
• http//www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2004/2004-dp01.html

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Audio

• Linking to streaming audio via field 856
• Full content providers such as Classical Music
  Library, Naxos Music Library, etc.
• Digital surrogates a la Indiana Universitys
  Variations Digital Music Library
• Linking individual tracks in place of contents
  note (like TOC enhancements)
• Short clips like in Amazon, BN, Borders, etc.

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Audio

• Potential players
• Indivdual music libraries
• OCLC
• LC BEAT committee
• MARBI
• Loudeye.com
• Perhaps a project for CLIR, Mellon, and others

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Scores

• See Jenn Rileys list of online scanned score
  collections (on our conference blog)
• How representation of score images might effect
  the design of library catalog interfaces
• LCs I Hear America Singing