The Iranian and Chinese Revolutions

1
The Iranian and Chinese Revolutions

• Prepared by
• Neil Loveridge

2
Time Period

• Iran
• January 1978December 1979
• Change from monarchy to Islamic Republic
• China
• The Xinhai Revolution
• October 1911February 1912

3
Major Players of Each Revolution

• Iran
• Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (Old Monarchy) vs.
  Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (Leader and founder
  of Islamic Republic)

• China
• Wuchang Uprising
• Southern Provinces
• Beijing (Imperial) vs. Nanjing (Republican)

4
Causes Political

• IRAN
• Error of Shah
• He had too many ties with the Western world and
  the people surrounding him hated him.
• Extravagance, corruption and elitism of royal
  court
• Many Muslims felt the Shah was an American
  puppet

• CHINA
• Manchu government considered as outsiders.
• The Han Chinese wanted to expel the outsiders and
  create a republic
• People still believed in the Mandate of Heaven.

5
Causes Social

• IRAN
• Islamic people hated Americans an anything to do
  with the Western world.
• The poor people wanted to bring down the rich.
• Kick out the outsiders.
• MuslimsSupreme

• CHINA
• Hans hated the Manchu
• Intellectuals led the revolution
• Resist Qing, restore Ming

6
Causes Religious

• IRAN
• Revolutionaries were devout Muslims
• Followed Sharia law
• The Shah believed in securalism
• Less strict on other religions

• CHINA
• Revolutionaries eventually had strict rules
  against all religions.
• Wanted government to rule not a religion
• Led to extreme religious persecution

7
Causes Economic

• IRAN
• Did not want foreigners having more economic
  power in Iran than Muslims
• Rich people getting richer, poor getting poorer.

• CHINA
• This was the beginning of communism in China
• Wanted government to control economy

8
Major Events China

• Wuchang Uprising
• Massive uprising against Qing to stop the
  railroads from being blocked
• After the Wuchang uprising, other provinces
  started rebelling
• Following the uprisings, the rebel leaders
  started forming their own Central government
• Foundation for communism

9
Major Events Iran

• January 1978 began the demonstrations against the
  Shah and his government
• Khomeini swept in and won over many people in
  February 1979
• September 8, 1979 Black Friday occurred
• Hundreds were killed and the Shah lost power
• Shah leaves the country in January 1979
• Khomeini takes control of the country

10
Short Term Results

• IRAN
• Many people were killed
• Began the Islamic Republic
• Reason for Iran hostage crisis
• 52 Americans were held hostage for 444 days

• CHINA
• Many people killed
• Government scattered and confused
• Started the Warlord era for China

11
Long Term Results

• IRAN
• Laid the foundation for TERRORISM!!!!!!!!
• Iran is run by radicals who want Islam to be a
  world power once again
• Enemy of America
• Supports terrorism around the world
• The deterioration of Iran/America relations
• Now enemies

• CHINA
• Foundation for communism
• Chinese Civil War of 19271949 which led to the
  Peoples Republic of China (Communism)
• Destruction of the dynasty system
• Beginning of Chinas rebirth into a world power

12
Similarities

• Both revolutions helped turned their countries
  toward republics of the people
• Many people were killed
• Started with the poor not liking the rich getting
  richer
• Started by radicals (Like everything else in
  life)

13
Differences

• The Chinese revolution lasted 38 years while the
  Iranian revolution lasted 1 year
• Iranian revolution dealt more with religion than
  the Chinese revolution
• Iranian revolution led to terrorism
• China led by secularism and Iranian ran by
  Islamic clerics
• Iran became a poorer country and China is growing
  rapidly

14
Works Cited

• "Iranian Revolution." Wikipedia, The Free
  Encyclopedia. 6 Apr 2007, 0256 UTC. Wikimedia
  Foundation, Inc. 11 Apr 2007 lthttp//en.wikipedia
  .org/w/index.php?titleIranian_Revoluti onoldid1
  20646956gt.
• "Chinese Revolution." Wikipedia, The Free
  Encyclopedia. 11 Mar 2007, 1007 UTC. Wikimedia
  Foundation, Inc. 11 Apr 2007 lthttp//en.wikipedia
  .org/w/index.php?titleChinese_Revoluti onoldid1
  14273414gt.
• "Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini, Ayatollah."
  Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed. 17
  Vols. Gale Research, 1998. Discovering
  Collection. Thomson Gale. 10 April 2007
  lthttp//galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/DCgt
• "Deng Xiaoping." DISCovering Biography. Online
  Edition. Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection.
  Thomson Gale. 10 April 2007 lthttp//galenet.gal
  egroup.com/servlet/DCgt