documentum xliii

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documentum xliii
Main Clause Subjunctives
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Hortatory
Jussive
Optative
Deliberative
Potential
100
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
400
500
500
500
500
500
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What is the use of a hortatory?
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Used to express an exhortation
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How does the hortatory translate?
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Let us

• Usually used with first person plural

7
What Latin word indicates a negative in the
hortatory?
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ne
9
Ad ludum in urbem eamus.
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Let us go to the school in the city.
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Let us eat the food prepared by the slaves.
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Cibum paratum ab servis edamus.
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What is the use of jussive?
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Express a command more polite than imperative
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How does jussive translate?
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Let ___

• Jussive is usually used for second and third
  persons

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Which Latin word indicates a negative in the
jussive?
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ne
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Puellae in agris currant.
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Let the girls run in the fields.
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Let the citizens elect their leader.
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Cives ducem eorum creent.
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What is the use of optative?
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Express a wish
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How does optative translate?
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May would that
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What Latin word is used to indicate a negative in
the optative?
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ne
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Which Latin word often precedes an optative?
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utinam

• There is no change in meaning, regardless of
  whether utinam is used or not

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Utinam semper hostes nostrum vincamus!
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May we always conquer our enemies!
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What is the use of deliberative?
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Ask a question that does not expect an answer
question speaker asks herself
35
How does deliberative translate?
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Rhetorical question
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Which Latin word indicates a negative in the
deliberative?
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non
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Quid faciam?
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What am I doing?
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What shall we do this summer?
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Aestate hac quid faciamus?
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What is the use of potential?
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Suggest possibility of action
45
How does potential translate?
46
No single English translation

• Use auxiliaries would, should, may, might, can,
  or could

47
Which Latin word is used to express negative in
the potential?
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non
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Milites proelium contra contra hostem.
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The soldiers might win the battle against the
enemy.
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Our friends might be able to come to her house.
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Amici nostrum venire ad domum eius possimus.