The Internet: at Home and In the Workplace

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The Internet at Home and In the Workplace

• CIS 105

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Objectives

• Briefly describe the history of the Internet
• Describe what is needed to get on the Internet
• Describe generally what an Internet service
  provider does
• Describe the rudimentary functions of a browser
• Describe how to search the Internet
• List and describe the non-Web services of the
  Internet
• Describe the various types of e-commerce
• Discuss e-commerce payments and taxes
• Describe how advertising is done on the Internet
• Describe what an intranet is and how a business
  uses it

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The Internet
What is it?
Why use it?
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Quick Time Line

• ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency)
• Functional in 1969
• Scientists shared information
• Military or scientific projects
• Could function if the remainder destroyed (i.e.
  nuclear war)
• Four main computers
• University of California
• at Los Angeles, Stanford, Santa Barbara)
• University of Utah
• Each computer was its own host
• E-mail capability added in 1972
• National Science Foundation connected its large
  network, NSFnet to ARPANET in 1986
• Resulting network became known as the Internet

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A Little About the Technology

• Internet service standards (protocols) for
  communication between Client and Server
• A message sent over the Internet is divided into
  uniformly sized packets
• Each packet labeled with its destination address
• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  (TCP/IP)
• TCP creates and reassembles packets
• IP handles addressing
• Ensures that packets are routed to their
  ultimate destination

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The Internet Service Provider and the Browser

• An Internet service provider (ISP) provides the
  server computer and software to connect to the
  Internet
• Online service, such as America Online, includes
  Internet access, Internet service, and a
  browser
• When you connect to the Internet, the browser
  displays a home page

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How it works
Point of Presence ISP provides a a local
telephone number for Internet Access.

• Local ISP
• National ISP
• Online Services
• Members only

What is POP?
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Internet Addresses

• Internet protocol address
• Numeric address 4 groups of numbers separated
  with a period.
• The complete, unique address of a Web page
• Web page URL begins with http
• HyperText Transfer Protocol allows
  communication by using links to transfer data
  between sites
• Domain name address of sites host computer
• Last part of domain name is called a top-level
  domain
• Identifies country or purpose of organization

Registered
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Geography of Cyberspace

• The Domain Name System
• gov
• edu
• org
• mil
• com
• net
• biz

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Trivia
Uniform Resource Locator
What is a URL?
What four components does it include?
http//www.sportsline.com/tennis/index.html
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Plug-ins

• Software that increases browser functionality
• Most downloaded from their own Web sites
• Once downloaded and installed, the browser can
  handle the new features
• Most enhance a sites audio-video experience
• Shockwave permits viewing sites that include
  quality animation
• Adobe Acrobat Reader displays and prints
  documents created in Portable Document Format
  (PDF) form

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Web Page Programs

• Small programs can be downloaded to run in your
  browser
• Allow Web pages to perform many tasks
• Allow dynamic interaction
• Come in several forms
• Scripting languages
• Produce instructions to be interpreted and
  executed by your browser
• JavaScript and VBScript are most common
• Programs embedded in Web page
• Java applets and ActiveX controls are most common

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Wireless Internet Access

• Use handheld devices such as pagers, PDAs, or
  pocket computers to access the Internet
• Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) converts
  Web pages into a format more compatible with
  limited capabilities of handheld devices

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Searching the Internet

• Search Engine lets a user specify search terms
• Search engine builds database of sites that match
  those terms
• Uses spider software to build database
• Metasearch searches search engines and builds
  comprehensive list
• Internet directory database is developed by
  human researchers rather than spider

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Search Techniques

• Inclusion and Exclusion
• Wildcards

• Phrase and Boolean Searches
• The AND, OR and NOT Operators
• The NEAR Operator
• Using Parentheses(growth OR increase) OR
  development) NEAR (Internet OR Web)

• Check out Search Engines

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E-mail
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Exploring Internet Services

• IRC Text Chatting in Real Time
• Instant Messaging
• Internet Telephony Real-Time Voice and Video

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FTP, Telnet

• File Transfer Protocol
• Exchange files
• FTP Server
• FTP Site
• Anonymous FTP
• Microsoft
• Compression
• WinZip

• Telnet
• Connect to a remote computer
• Terminal emulation
• Decreasing use

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Internet Portals

• Your first stop on the Internet
• Provide personalization to users
• Site is customized based on information you
  provide
• Encourages you to visit the site often
• MyMCC is an example
• Provide referrals to other businesses
• Site contains links to affiliate sites
• If you click on an affiliate site and make a
  purchase, the portal receives a percentage of
  the sale

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Internet Advertising

• Many advertisements on Web sites are banner ads
• Originally in the shape of a long rectangle
• Require the user to leave the current site
• Other ad types
• Pop-over ads open a new window on top of your
  current window
• Pop-under ads open a newwindow underneath your
  current window

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• Mailing Lists

• Newsgroups (Usenet)

Security

• Portals (MyMCC)

• Cookies

• Chat Rooms

• Instant Messaging

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Netiquette
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Evaluating the Information

• Author
• Sources
• Server (who provides)
• Objectivity (balanced?)

• Style
• Purpose
• Accuracy
• Currency

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Electronic Commerce

• Brick-and-Mortar
• Click-and-Order
• Click-and Mortar/Brick

• B2B (Business to Business)
• B2C (Business to Consumer)
• C2C (Consumer to Consumer)

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Building an Online Store

• Building the Store Front
• Managing Payments
• Fulfillment (Delivery)
• Attracting Retaining Customers
• Naming a Storefront
• Promoting a Site

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E-Commerce the Issues

• Security
• Taxes
• Trust
• Privacy
• Cybersquatting
• Attention

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Intranets

• A private Internet-like network
• Internal to a certain company
• Extranets allow selected customers and suppliers
  to have access to a companys intranet
• Easy to set up
• Offer many potential uses
• Can be linked to the Internet

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Setting up an Intranet

• Easy to set up
• Most organizations already have a local area
  network
• Hardware requirements
• Server computer handles requests
• Computer for storing databases and other
  documents
• Client computers needed for access to the
  Intranet
• TCP/IP protocols must be in place
• Software requirements
• Server must be able to process requests from
  other computers
• Server must be able to retrieve data from
  computers that store it
• Each access computer needs a browser

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Virtual Private Network

• Technology that uses the Internet as a channel
  for private data communication
• Uses tunneling/encapsulation technology
• Transfers data between two similar networks over
  an intermediate network
• Data packets follow Point-to-Point Tunneling
  Protocol (PPTP)
• Data embedded in TCP/IP packets carried by the
  Internet
• Data packets are encoded before encapsulation
• When received, they are separated and returned to
  their original format
• Provides security for data packets
• Offers many benefits over a private network
• Much cheaper than dedicated lines
• Data is secure
• Turns remote network administration over to ISP

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Can you explain if asked

• Briefly describe the history of the Internet
• Describe what is needed to get on the Internet
• Describe generally what an Internet service
  provider does
• Describe the rudimentary functions of a browser
• Describe how to search the Internet
• List and describe the non-Web services of the
  Internet
• Describe the various types of e-commerce
• Discuss e-commerce payments and taxes
• Describe how advertising is done on the Internet
• Describe what an intranet is and how a business
  uses it

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Questions?
?
?
?
?
?
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Terms to Know Internet

• B2B
• B2C
• C2C
• Boolean search
• Client/Server
• Domain Name
• Electronic Commerce (e-commerce)
• Electronic Mail (e-mail)
• Extranet
• FTP
• HTTP
• Hypertext

• Internet
• Intranet
• IP
• ISP
• Link
• Netiquette
• Online Service
• POP

• TCP/IP
• URL
• Virtual Private Network
• Web page
• Web site
• WWW

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Discussion Questions

• How has the Internet influenced current events
  (i.e., September 11, 2001, the war)
• Do you see this as positive? Negative? Why?

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Group Exercise

• Go to CIS105 Toolbox/Student Resources/Search
  Engines (can use favorites)
• Select 3 search engines (all new or your most
  used 2 new)
• Look up type of technology (ie. Robotics, PDA,
  AI, WAP)
• Notes answering
• How are search engines different/similar?
• Pros/Cons of each (that you can see or know from
  experience with the search engine)
• Can print out 1st page of search engine results
  and make notes on it if you want.
• Be sure to include names of all people in your
  group

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Sources

• Capron Computers Tools for An Information Age,
  8th Ed. 2003
• Pfaffenberger Computers in Your Future 2003
• Microsoft Clipart