Bloom Where You Are Planted

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Bloom Where You Are Planted
Eileen Nelson UW Department of Horticulture Novemb
er, 2007 Master Gardener Training
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What well Cover

• Herbaceous perennials
• Origin and number of species
• Species name derivation for the genus
• Plant characteristics
• Garden Value
• Garden species
• Culture for common variety
• Propagation
• Cultivars

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Genus and Species

• Achillea Genus
• Achillea filipendulina Genus species
• Achillea filipendulina Coronation Gold
• Genus species cultivar
• Fern Leaf Yarrow Coronation Gold

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http//www.americainbloom.org/
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Achillea

• 100 species, usually aromatic
• Native to Asia Minor
• Legend Achilles healed his wounds in battle
• Bloom June to September
• Midsummer color in border, wild flower garden or
  naturalized area
• Cut flowers, dried bouquets strip off lower
  leaves

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Achillea filipendulinaFern Leaf Yarrow
A. Filipendulina Parkers Variety
A. Filipendulina Coronation Gold
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Achillea filipendulinaFern Leaf Yarow

• Sunny, well drained site
• Tolerates dryness, but better flower when moist
• Bone meal each spring
• Divide clumps in spring after 3-4 years
• Seeds sown in spring, flower following year

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Achillea millefoliumCommon Yarrow
A. millefolium Red
A. millefolium Summer Wine
A. millefolium Pretty Belinda
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Achillea millefoliumCommon Yarrow

• Native is weedy perennial
• Sunny, well drained, fertile soil
• Will grow in poor, dry soil, but better flowering
  when even moisture
• Propagate by division or spring seed

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Alcea roseaHollyhock

• 60 species of mostly biennial or short-lived
  perennials native to China
• Propagated in fifth and six century
• Introduced to England in the 1600s
• Associated with English gardens and cottages of
  the Elizabethan period
• Background plant for borders, fences

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Alcea roseaHollyhock
A.rosea Chaters Double
A.rosea Nigra
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Alcea

• Full sun, moist, well drained soil and good air
  circulation
• When planting, place crowns slightly below soil
  surface
• Fertilize with balanced fertilizer in spring
• Remove flowering stalks immediately after
  flowering
• Sow seeds in July-August

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Alchemilla

• 200 species of annual or perennial herbs
• Native to Northern Europe
• Name Alchemilla is of Arabic origin
• Legend, Alchemilla vulgaris contributed to the
  adornment of the Virgin Mary
• Ground cover for partially shaded rock gardens
• Cut flowers dry for winter

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Alchemilla mollisLadys Mantle
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Alchemilla mollisLadys Mantle

• Average soil, with abundant organic matter
• Flowers May and June
• 8-18 inches high
• Propagate by division or seeds

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Anchusa

• 40 species of coarse, hairy, erect herbs
• Native to Europe, Asia Minor
• Greek anchousa means rouge or paint for
  the skin
• Greek Bu-gloss means ox-tongue

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AnchusaBugloss
A. azurea
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Anchusa

• Full sun to light shade
• Prefers cool, humid conditions
• Rich, well drained soil
• Cut back after blooming to encourage reflowering
• Divide after flowering
• Use in mass plantings with flowering shrubs

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Armeria

• 35 species of tufted herbs
• Native to mountains and seashores of Europe,
  Western Asia
• Latin origin

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Armeria - Thrift
A. maritima Bloodstone
A. maritima Cottontail
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Armeria

• Average to rich soil, moist and well drained
• Drought tolerant once established
• Tolerate salt
• Divide in early spring or fall
• 10-14 inches tall, 8-10 inches wide

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Artemisia

• 200 400 species of herbs and shrubs known for
  oils
• Temperate climates of both hemispheres
• Name honors Artemisia, the mythological wife and
  sister of Mausolus
• Name associated with the moon goddess Artemis

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Artemisia
A. ludoyiciani Silver King
A. schmidtiana Silver Mound
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Artemisia

• Full sun, dry conditions
• Prefers poor soils fertilizer not necessary
• Does not tolerate wet soil in winter
• Propagate in spring by division or stem cuttings

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Asclepias

• 200 species of perennial herbs with milky sap
• Genus contains many ornamental weedy species
  naturalized in wastelands
• Native to North America
• Name refers to Aesculapius, a Graeco-Roman god of
  medicine

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Asclepias - Butterfly Weed
A incarnata Cinderella
Asclelpias syriaca
Asclelpias tuberosa
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Asclepias

• Prefers full sun
• Prefers fertile soil but does well in sandy, dry
  soils
• A. incarnata prefers moist, boggy soils
• Deadhead to encourage second blooming
• Propagate by removing plantlets that grow around
  the base of the plants
• Deep taproot hinders division

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Asters

• 250-500 species
• native to broad areas of North and South America,
  Asia, Europe
• Aster is derived from ancient Greek word astron
  meaning star

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Aster novae-angliaeNew England Aster
Aster novae-angliae Purple Dome
Aster novae-angliae Alma Potschke
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Aster novi-belgiiNew York Aster
Aster dumosus Woods Purple
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Aster

• Sunny site with rich, moist, well drained soil
• Balanced fertilizer in spring and fall
• Pinch growing tips once in late spring and again
  4 weeks later to encourage branching
• Freely self-sows -Remove faded flowers
• Divide in spring or fall every couple of years
• Seeds do not produce to type named cultivars
  come from division

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Astilbe

• 14 species native to Eastern Asia and North
  America
• Name Greek a meaning without and stilbe
  meaning brilliance
• Borders, woodland settings
• Combine well with Chrysanthemum maximum,
  Artemisia, Hosta, Monarda and Ferns
• Panicles good cut flowers if allowed to open
  fully before being picked

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Astilbe
Deutchsland
Fanal
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Astilbe

• Prefers part shade, but will tolerate sun
• Rich, moist, well-drained soil with lots of
  organic matter to retain moisture
• Divide in spring or fall every 3-4 years
• Provide light mulch in winter
• Heavy feeders, balanced fertilizer through the
  season

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Baptisia

• 30 species of perennials
• Native to North America
• Greek word bapto means to dip referring to
  the indigo-blue-like dye obtained from the
  flowers of some species

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BaptisiaFalse Indigo
Purple Smoke
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Baptisia

• Full sun to partial shade
• Average to humus-rich, moist, well-drained soil
• Taproot resents disturbance
• Dense, round mounds
• Plant toward rear with Siberian Iris, Peonies and
  other bold-textured plant

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Bergenia

• 12 species
• Native to temperate Asia
• Named in honor of Karl August von Bergen, 18th
  century botanist and physician
• Blooms April-May
• Shiny, fleshy leaves turn purplish bronze during
  winter
• Use as an accent plan or as ground cover in wet
  soil

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Bergenia cordifolia
Bergenia cordifolia Winter Glow
Bergenia cordifolia Winter Glut
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Bergenia

• May not flower reliably in northern areas buds
  freeze
• Grows well in wet, partially shade areas
• Less hardy in sun or dense shade
• Balanced fertilizer several times in season
• Cover with light material in north to protect
  from winter sun
• Divide every 3-4 years

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Campanula

• 300 varied species
• Native to Carpathian Mountains of Austria
• Campanula is of Latin origin meaning little
  bell
• Provides color in middle to late summer
• More impressive when massed
• Excellent cut flowers

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CampanulaBlue Bells
Campanula carpatica white clips
Campanula persifolia
Campanula carpatica blue clips
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Campanula

• Sunny site, well drained soil, average fertility
• Feed in spring with well rotted compost and bone
  meal worked into soil then fertilize 2-3 times
  during growing season
• Remove faded flowers to prolong flowering
• Provide winter protection
• Seeds germinate readily but may not reproduce
  true
• Divide in early spring or August

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Centaurea

• 500 species
• Native to Mediterranean region and Near East
• Greek centaur means famous for healing
• Legend, the centaur Chiron used the plant to heal
  his wounds

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CentaureaCornflower
Centaurea cyanus
Centaurea montana
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Centaurea

• Full sun to light shade
• Poor to average fertile soil that is moist and
  well-drained
• Rich soil may become straggly
• Thin new shoots to increase air circulation
• Divide in spring or late summer every 2-3 years
• Deadhead to prolong blooming and prevent
  self-sowing cut back to basal growth at end of
  flowering for fall blossoms
• Bottomless flower pot to prevent spread

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Chelone

• Native to North America
• Chelone nymph in Greek mythology who insulted
  the gods they turned her into a turtle
• Flowers resemble turtles heads with their mouths
  open

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CheloneTurtlehead
Chelone lyonii Hot Lips
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Chelone

• Grows best in partial shade or full sun
• Fertile, humus rich, moist and well drained soil
• Will tolerate clay soil and boggy conditions
• If too shady, plants may become floppy so pinch
  tips in spring to promote bushy growth
• Divide in spring or fall
• Underused, easy to grow with glossy, dark green
  foliage and softly colored rounded flowers in
  August and September

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Chrysanthemum

• Diverse group over 200 species of annuals and
  perennials
• Native to Persia
• Name is derived from Greek chrysos meaning
  gold and anthos meaning flower
• Now perennials have been botanically reclassified
  into various genera
• Leucanthemum x superba Shasta Daisy
• Tanacetum coccineum Painted Daisy

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Leucanthemum x superbumShasta Daisy
L. Superbum Gold Rush
L. Superbum Becky
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Leucanthemum x superbum

• Full sun, tolerates partial shade
• Moist, rich, well-drained soil, neutral pH
• Heavy feeder, fertilize 3-4 times/growing season
• Keep well watered, mulch heavily
• Divide in fall every 2-3 years
• Protect from heaving in winter

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Tanacetum coccineumPainted Daisy
Tanacetum coccineum Robinsons Red Scarlet
Tanacetum coccineum Robinsons Mixture
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Tanacetum coccineum

• Full sun, tolerating light shade for part of day
• Rich, well-drained soil with lots of organic
  matter
• Avoid wet soil in winter
• Heavy feeder, fertilize regularly
• Cut back after flowering to encourage rebloom
• Divide late summer every 3-4 years
• Protect from heaving during winter

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Cimcifuga

• 15 species perennial herbs
• Native to Northern Temperate Zone
• Latin cimex meaning bug and fugere
  meaning to drive away, referring to the
  unpleasant odor of the plants

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Cimcifuga - Bugbane
Cimcifuga ramosa Hillside Black Beauty
Cimcifuga rubifolia
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Cimcifuga

• Vertical, shade loving perennial
• Fertile, humus rich, moist soil
• Do not like to be divided
• Spread by rhizomes

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Coreopsis

• Native to Africa, North and South America
• Greek coris meaning bug and opsis meaning
  similar to because the seeds resemble certain
  insects

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CoreopsisTickseed
Coreopsis lanceolata Sterntaler
Coreopsis Jethro Tull
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Coreopsis

• Full sun
• Average, light, well-drained soil
• Overly fertile soil causes floppy growth
• Deadhead daily to keep constant bloom
• Shear plants by one-half in late spring for
  compact growth
• Blooms early to late summer

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Delphinium

• 300 species
• Native to Siberia
• Greek delphis meaning dolphin because flower
  buds are thought to resemble dolphins before
  opening
• Annual forms commonly called Larkspur
• D. elatum blends well with Lilium, Heuchera and
  Hemerocallis.

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Delphinium
Delphineum Magic Fountains
Delphineum elatum
Delphineum grandiflorum
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Delphinium

• Full sun to minimize disease problems
• Rich, well-drained, slightly alkaline soil
  working in lime if soil is acid
• Fertilize regularly, supply water directly to
  roots
• Prune flower stalks below last flower right after
  blooming
• Wet soils promote crown and root rot
• Divide clumps in spring every 3-4 years

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Dianthus

• 300 species
• Native to Eurasia
• Greek dios means divine and anthos means
  flower signifying high esteem in which the
  plant was held
• Genus has many excellent rock garden plants

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DianthusPinks
Raspberry Swirl
Gray Eichhorn
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Dianthus

• Prefer full sun, tolerate light shade
• Well-drained, neutral or alkaline soil
• Need good drainage
• Often easier to take cutting in summer after
  flowering than to divide
• Excellent for rock gardens, rock walls, edging
• Dead to prolong bloom, cut leave some for
  reseeding

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Dicentra

• 300 species
• Native to North America and Asia
• Greek dis means two and kentron means spur
  because corolla is spurred
• Bleeding Heart shape of pink flower with drop

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DicentraBleeding Heart
Dicentra formosa Luxuriant
Alba
Dutchmans Breeches
Candy Heart
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Dicentra

• Partial shade or full sun. If full sun, needs
  adequate moisture during growing season
• Rich, light, moist, well-drained soil
• Mulch with organic material in spring
• Apply balanced fertilizer in early spring
• Divide in early spring. Sow seeds in August and
  September

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Digitalis

• 19 biennial and perennial species native to
  Europe, Northwest Africa and Central Asia
• Latin meaning finger-of-a-glove referring to
  flower shape
• Drug digitalis is derived from the dried leaves
  of Digitalis purpurea
• Grown for flower spikes

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DigitalisFoxglove
Strawberry
Candy Mountain
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Digitalis

• Nice for vertical effect
• Tolerates full sun but prefers shady sights with
  moist atmosphere
• Rich, moist, acid, well-drained soil.
• Supply water during dry periods keep foliage
  dry
• Balanced fertilizer
• Under ideal conditions will reseed
• Provide winter protection with boughs to avoid
  compacting of mulch

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Echinacea

• Three species of perennial herbs closely related
  to Rudbeckia
• Echinos meaning hedgehog referring to the
  sharply pointed receptacle bracts
• Native to fields and open woods in central United
  States

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Echinacea purpureaConeflower
Magnus
Sunrise
After Midnight
Pink Parasol
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Echinacea

• Thrives in sunny, windy sites
• Tolerates light shade
• Warm, rich, loamy, soil that is well drained in
  winter, wet soils lessen winter hardiness
• Balanced fertilizer in early spring
• Divide every third spring

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Gaillardia

• 14 species
• Native North American prairie plant
• Name Gaillardia honors M. Gaillard, a French
  patron of botany
• Grow in large patches in the west, hence blanket
  flower

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GaillardiaBlanket Flower
Arizona Sun
Burgundy
G aristata Bijou
Kobold
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Gaillardia

• Grows best in full sun
• Fertile, light, well drained soil
• Will not over winter well in wet soil
• Deadhead to encourage bloom
• Cut back to 6 in late summer to encourage new
  growth
• Dwarf varieties good container plants

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Geranium

• Over 300 species of annual and perennial herbs
• Native to Turkestan, India and Tibet
• Greek geranos meaning crane the beaked
  fruits resemblance of a cranes bill

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Geranium Rozanne2008 Perennial Plant
Association Plant of the Year
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GeraniumCranesbill
G pratense Midnight Reiter
Johnsons Blue
G sanguineum
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Geranium

• Full sun, partial to light shade
• Dislike hot weather
• Average fertility with good drainage
• Divide in spring
• Shear after blooming for second set of flowers
• Cultivars will not seed true
• Borders, shrub plantings, rock gardens

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Helleborus

• 20 species native to the limestone regions of
  Europe
• Greek helein meaning to injure and bora
  meaning food bitter tasting roots and leaves
  are poisonous
• Christmas Rose because of flowering season
• Environmental conditions control the flowering
• H. orientalis Lenten Rose

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HelleborusLenten Rose
Helleborus x hybridus
Helleborus niger
Helleborus orientalis Royal Heritage
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Helleborus

• Fully shade in summer, partial in winter
• Avoid competition with tree roots
• Deep, fertile, moist, but well-drained soil
• Neutral to slightly alkaline
• Incorporate compost and super phosphate
• Plant in spring with top of crown one inch below
  soil surface
• Do not divide well
• Protect buds with frame in northern areas

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Helenium

• 40 species of hardy herbs
• Native to North and South America
• Genus name, either from Helenus, son of Priam or
  named to honor Helen of Troy

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HeleniumCommon Sneezeweed
Helenium autumnale
Moorheim Beauty
Crathes Castle
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Helenium

• Full sun to light shade
• Evenly moist, rich soil will tolerate wet soil
• Pinch stem tips in early summer to promote
  compact growth
• Divide every 3-4 years in spring or autumn
• Late season color that combines well with asters,
  goldenrods and phlox

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Heliopsis

• 12 species
• Native to the Americas
• Greek helios meaning sun, and opsis meaning
  like

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HeliopsisFalse Sunflower
Summer nights
Loraine
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Heliopsis

• Prefers full sun, tolerates partial shade
• Average to fertile, moist, well-drained soil
• Deadhead to prolong bloom
• Combine with purple coneflower, asters, liatris
  and butterfly weed
• Stems stiff, useful in fresh arrangements
• Divide every 2-3 years

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Hemerocallis

• 15 species of clump forming, monocot perennial
  herbs
• Native to Central Europe, China and Japan
• Greek Hemera means day and kallos means
  beauty
• Named by Linnaeus
• Known since Chinese advocated eating petals to
  ease pain
• Integral part of Chinese diet

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HemerocallisDaylily
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Hemerocallis

• Any light from full sun to full shade, although
  fewer flowers in shade
• Fertile, moist, well drained soil
• Feed in spring and mid-summer for best blooms
• Divide every 2 to 3 years
• Every color except blue and pure white although
  close

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Heuchera

• 35-50 species of perennial herbs native to New
  Mexico and Arizona
• Name honors Johan Heinrich von Heucher a
  professor of Botany from Wittenberg, Germany,
  1677-1747

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HeucheraCoral Bells
Mystic Angel
Marmalade
Obsidian
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Heuchera

• Light or partial shade
• Foliage can bleach out in full sun
• Average to richly fertile soil, neutral to
  alkaline, moist and well drained
• Good air circulation essential
• Remove spent flowers
• Every 2-3 years dig up and remove woodiest roots
  and stems
• Mulch to prevent heaving in winter/spring
• When replanted put crown at or just above soil
  level

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Hosta

• 40 species of monocot perennial herbs
• Native to Japan
• Named after Nicolaus Thomas Host, a 19th century
  Austrian physician

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Hosta
Christmas Cookies
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Hosta

• Light to partial shade but will grow in full
  shade
• Fertile, moist, well drained soil mulch will
  help
• Division can be done every few years in spring or
  summer
• Look good planted by themselves and in groupings
• In groups vary leaf size and color

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Iris

• 200 species of monocots native to Northern
  Temperate region
• Greek mythology Iris was Junos messenger who
  traveled the rainbow between heaven and earth
• Botanically divided into bulbous species and
  rhizomatous species
• 12 Classes include Tall Bearded, Dwarf Bearded,
  Intermediate Japanese Siberian Bulbous
  Beardless and Crested

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Bearded Iris
Beverly Sills
Paul Black
Crowned Heads
Golden Panther
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Bearded Iris

• Full sun promotes erect stalks
• Average well drained soil, using lime if too acid
• Transplant rhizomes in July/August, 1 inch deep
• Trim foliage back to 4-6 inches

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Iris ensataJapanese Iris
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Japanese Iris

• Rich, acid soil that retains moisture throughout
  growing season
• Lime is fatal
• Plant in spring or late summer, 1 inch deep
• Yellow foliage may result from planting too
  deeply and/or insufficiently acid soil

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Siberian Iris
King of Kings
Silver Edge
Shall We Dance
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Siberian Iris

• Tolerant of poor soils
• Does best in rich, moist, slightly acid soil
• Rhizomes are small, tough and fibrous
• Plants vigorous and relatively pest free

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Lamium

• 40-50 flowering plants
• Native to Europe, Asia and north Africa
• Common name (dead nettle) comes from slight
  resemblance to stinging nettles
• Frost hardy, grow in most soils

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LamiumDead Nettle
Ghost
White Nancy
Purple Dragon
Beacon Silver
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Liatris

• 40 species of hardy perennial herbs
• Native to North America
• Widely grown because it attracts bees and
  butterflies

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LiatrisGay Feather
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Liatris

• Full sun or partial shade
• Sandy, fertile soil, but will grow in poorer
  soils than most plants
• Wet winter soils will lessen hardiness
• Water well when flowering
• When cutting, leave at least a third
• Divide in spring when overgrown

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Lilium

• 90 species of perennial bulbs native to North
  Temperate Zone
• Lilium possibly derived from Celtic word li,
  meaning whiteness referring to the white flower
  of Lilium candidum
• Genus divided into nine groups based on origin
  and flower form

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Lilium
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Lilium

• Well drained soil, slightly acid with plenty of
  organic matter
• Do not tolerate wet soil
• Plant bulbs immediately upon purchase
• Those that produce roots from the bottom should
  be planted shallowly
• Those that produce basal and stem roots should be
  planted 4 inches deep
• Use mulch to keep soil cool and moist and prevent
  heaving

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Lobelia

• 370 herbaceous and woody
• Native to tropical and warm-temperate regions
• Named in honor of Flemish botanist and physician
  to King James I, Matthia Lobel (1538-1616)

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LobeliaCardinal Flower
Grape Knee Hi
Monet Moment
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Lobelia

• Full sun to partial shade
• Fertile, slightly acidic, moist soil
• Provide mulch to keep soil from drying out and to
  protect over winter
• Divide every two to three years in fall by
  lifting plan and removing new rosettes from plant
  base
• Self-seed easily

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Lupinus

• 200 species annual and perennial herbs
• Latin lupus means wolf
• Ancient myth plants destroyed fertility
• Some species used to build up soil
• Legume utilizing nitrogen from the air and stores
  it in the nodules of the roots

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LupinusLupine
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Lupine

• Full sun or light shade
• Well drained soil, slightly neutral to acid
• Prefers soils low in nitrogen and high in
  phosphorus
• Sprinkle bone meal around base of plants to
  encourage flower development
• Water liberally in dry periods
• Remove faded flowers before seed pods develop
• Do not transplant once well established

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Mertensia

• 45 species of perennial herbs
• Native to cooler regions of Asia, Europe and
  North America
• Named for Franz Carl Mertens, a 19th century
  professor of botany
• One of few flowers with truly blue flowers
• Usually grow in clumps
• Place among hosta, vinca and ferns to fill in

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Mertensia pulmonarioidesVirginia Bluebell
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Mertensia

• Partial shade but will tolerate sun
• Full sun sprint, filtered shade during summer in
  North
• Cool, moist, rich soil with plenty of organic
  matter
• Well rotted compost and balanced fertilizer in
  spring

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Monarda

• 12 species of annual and perennial aromatic
  herbs
• Native to North America and Mexico
• Named for Nicolas Monardes, Spanish physician and
  botanist of the 16th century
• Oswego Tea from John Bartram who discovered
  that early settlers steeped leaves to brew tea
  near Oswego, New York
• Indians O-gee-cheer meaning fiery flower

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Mondarda didymaBee Balm
Garden View Scarlet
Pink Lace
127
Monarda

• Shaded, moist, well-drained site
• Will grow in full sun if adequate moisture
• Apply balanced fertilizer regularly
• Remove faded flowers to prolong flowering
• Divide in spring
• Seeds will vary in flower color

128
Oenothera

• 80 species widely distributed throughout
  Western Hemisphere
• Greek oinos means wine, thera means taste
• Legend - roots of certain species induce a thirst
  for wine
• Young roots can be eaten, shoots used in salad
• Infusion prepared from plant has astringent and
  sedative properties

129
OenotheraSun Drops
Glowing Magenta
130
Oenothera

• Prefers full sun, tolerates light shade
• Rich, deep, well-drained soil
• Poor drainage in winter will winter kill
• Balanced fertilizer in spring
• Remove flowers to prolong flowering
• Light winter mulch in north

131
Paeonia

• 33 species native to Tibet, China and Serbia
• Paeon, a Greek physician of myth, was supposedly
  changed into a flower by Pluto for a successful
  cure
• Cultivated in China 2500 years ago

132
PaeoniaGarden Peony
133
Paeonia

• Deep, rich, well-drained soil
• Full sun preferred, but slight shade will prevent
  colors from fading
• Avoid sites with radiating heat
• Balanced fertilizer in the spring
• Summer mulch to eliminate weed competition and
  retain moisture
• Plant during August or September with eye 1 inch
  below surface

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Papavar

• 50 species of annual and perennial herbs
• All have milky sap
• Native to Mediterranean region
• Papavar in Latin means Poppy
• Common name believed to be from Anglo-Saxon word
  popig meaning sleep

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PapaverPoppy
Pink Ruffles
Flamenco Dancer
Royal Wedding
136
Papaver

• Full sun or partial shade
• Rich, very well drained soil
• Soggy soil in winter root rot
• Balanced fertilizer in early spring
• Do not move established plants long tap root
• Propagate by division in late summer
• Cultivars do not grow true from seed

137
Penstemon

• Native to North America
• Name penta referred to unusual fifth stamen
• One of most attractive native flowers, cultivated
  more heavily in Europe
• Native Americans used roots to relieve toothaches

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PenstemonBeards Tongue
Pink Chablis
Pink Dawn
Sour Grapes
139
Penstemon

• Prefer full sun, tolerate partial shade
• Average to richly fertile, well drained soil
• Drought tolerant, rot in wet soil
• Mulch with pea gravel to protect crowns from
  excess moisture and cold
• Pinch at 12 to encourage busy growth
• Put twiggy branches around plant to support them
  as they grow
• Divide every 2-3 years

140
Phlox

• 60 species of annual and perennial herbs
• Greek phlego means flame
• Native primarily to North America
• One of North Americas finest native plants

141
Phlox
Star Fire
Shortwood Pink
Laura
David
142
Phlox

• Full sun although bluish flowered forms
  deteriorate under hot sun
• Deep, well-drained, fertile soil with ample
  organic matter
• Super phosphate encourages deep rooting
• Thin clumps when 4-6 inches high to encourage
  large flower clusters
• Cut off faded flowers to promote lateral
  branching
• Divide every 4-5 years

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Platycodon

• Just one species
• Greek word Platys means broad and kodon
  means bell
• Balloon Flower describes inflated balloon-like
  buds
• Native to Eastern Asia and Japan

144
PlatycodonBalloon Flower
Sentimental Blue
145
Platycodon

• Full or partial shade
• Light, moist, well-drained soil with lots of
  organic matter
• Does not tolerate poorly drained soils
• Plants come up late, protect from damaging
  dormant crown
• Take early
• Remove faded flowers before seeding
• Allow to die back naturally

146
Physostegia

• 15 species of perennial herbs
• Native to North America
• Greek physa meaning bladder and stege
  meaning covering refers to the inflated fruiting
  calyx
• Obedient Plant each flower, if twisted on the
  stem, remains in that position

147
Physostegia False Dragonhead
148
Physostegia

• Prefer full sun, tolerate partial shade
• Moist, average soil
• Can become invasive
• Divide in early to mid-spring every 2 years
• Prune or pinch in spring for sturdier plants

149
Polemonium

• 25 species of herbs
• Native to Europe, Asia, South America and Western
  North America
• Origin of name uncertain
• Philosopher Poleman
• Greek polemus meaning war
• 2 kings claimed they had discovered the merits of
  the plant

150
PolemoniumJacobs Ladder
P. Caeruleum
Stairway to Heaven
P. Brise dAnjou
151
Polemonium

• Partial to light shade
• Fertile, rich, moist, well-drained soil
• Deadhead to prolong blooming
• Self-seeds readily
• Leaflets are organized in a neat, dense,
  ladder-like formation
• Borders and woodland gardens

152
Polygonatum

• 30 species perennial monocot herbs
• Native to temperate North America
• Greek poly meaning many and gony meaning
  joint referring to many joints of the rhizomes
• Solomons Seal refers to the seal or scar on the
  rhizome where the annual stem is attached and
  dies down to

153
Polygonatum Solomons Seal
154
Polygonatum

• Partial to full shade
• Fertile, rich, moist, well drained soil
• Propagate by division in spring
• Combines well with ferns, hosta, geraniums
• Brightens up shade gardens
• Works well in mixed beds and borders
• Berries are poisonous

155
Pulmonaria

• 12 species of hairy, spring flowering perennial
  herbs
• Creeping rhizomes
• Native to Europe
• Latin Pulmo means lung Pulmonaria
  officinalis once believed to resemble the lung
  and to have medicinal properties to cure lung
  disease

156
Pulmonaria - Lungwort
Sissinghurst White
Raspberry Splash
157
Pulmonaria

• Full shade but tolerates partial shade
• Cool, moist, peaty soil
• Does not require high fertility
• Genus thrives on neglect
• Water during prolonged dry period

158
Rudbeckia

• 25 species of herbs
• Native to North America
• Genus name honors Olof Rudbeck and Son, Swedish
  botanists
• An abundance on rangelands indicates good health

159
RudbeckiaBlack Eyed Susan
R. nitida
R. fulgida
R. hirta
160
Rudbeckia

• Full sun, although tolerate light shade
• Well drained soil, average fertility
• Tolerate dry conditions
• Balanced fertilizer each spring
• Divide every three years

161
Scabiosa

• 80 annual and perennial herbs
• Native to Southern Europe and Asia
• Latin scabies meaning itch referring to the
  medicinal value of the genus
• Pincushion flower refers to globular shape with
  protruding stamens resembling pins

162
ScabiosaPincushion Flower
Pink Mist
Mongolian Mist
Butterfly Blue
163
Scabiosa

• Prefer full sun, tolerate partial shade
• Light, moderately fertile, neutral to alkaline,
  well drained soils
• Deadhead as flowers fade
• Cut flowers at peak every few days
• Leave evergreen foliage intact over the winter
  and remove in spring
• Look best planted in groups of three or more

164
Sedum

• 600 species of succulent, mostly hardy perennial
  herbs
• Native to China and Korea
• Latin sedo means to it
• Stonecrop refers to living on or around rocks
  and stony ledges

165
SedumStonecrop
Sedum kamchaticum
Frosty Morn
Autumn Joy
166
Sedum

• Species differ in their requirements
• Full sun, tolerate partial shade
• Average fertility, very well drained and neutral
  to alkaline soil
• Divide in spring when needed
• Prune back Autumn Joy by one-half, insert parts
  into soft soil
• Low growers made good groundcovers

167
Tradescantia

• Native to North and South America
• Genus name in honor of John Tradescant, gardener
  to King Charles I.

168
TradescantiaSpiderwort
169
Tradescantia

• Tolerates full sun or light shade
• Performs best in rich, well drained soil
• Leggy in midsummer cut to ground level for
  reblooming
• Keep well watered during drought
• Not a tidy plant

170
Trollius

• 20 species
• Native to moist or marshy areas of Northern
  Europe
• Old German trol meaning something round
• Scots call them Butterballs

171
TrolliusGlobeflower
Chinese Gold
Lemon Queen
172
Trollius

• Sun or partial shade
• Rich, moist soil
• Provide water during drought
• Remove faded flowers to prolong flowering
• Divide in late summer when overcrowded
• Neat attractive plant for damp areas

173
Veronica

• 250 species
• Native to North Temperate Zone
• Genus name honors St. Veronica who wiped tears
  from face of Jesus on march to Calvary
• Some species used as food by several species of
  Butterflies

174
VeronicaSpeedwell
Royal Candles
Sonja
Eveline
175
Veronica

• Prefers full sun, tolerates partial shade
• Average soil, moist and well drained
• Excess moisture and nitrogen can cause floppy
  plants
• Frequent dividing in fall or spring every 2-3
  years promotes strong, vigorous growth