Drugs vs. Medicines:

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SAY NO TO DRUGS
DRUGS RUIN LIVES
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Drugs vs. Medicines

• Drugs
• NO Medical Use
• Potentially Addictive
• Physically Harmful
• Usually Abused
• Against the Law
• Overdose Potential
• NO Margin of Safety
• NO Controlled Dosage
• Unknown Ingredients
• Unknown Side Effects

• Medicines
• FDA Approved
• AMA Recommended
• Pharmaceutically Manufactured
• If used properly there is minimal risk for
  addiction and health problems
• Medically are Used for
• Treatment
• Cure
• Prevention
• of Diseases and
• Health Conditions

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Addictive Personality

• The compulsive physical and psychological need
  for a chemical substance (alcohol, drugs,
  medicine) or a behavior (gambling, sex, eating
  disorder, etc.)

Compulsive
Non-Compulsive
I have no choice I cant do with out it I need it
to feel normal I cant start my day without it
I have a choice on what to do I can have only one
drink I dont have to be high to have fun
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Addiction Continuum
Experimentation
Social-Situational
Consequential Misuse
Daily Dependency
Rehabilitation
Addiction
DEATH
Imprisonment Institutionalized
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Stages of Addiction

• Experimentation
• Trying drugs out for the first time
• Social-Situational
• Partying, Peer Pressure, Stress, Trying Fit In
• Consequential Misuse
• Fights, Arrests, Family, School, Work Problems
• Daily Dependency
• Have to use every day to feel normal
• Total Addiction
• Needs to use drugs daily to avoid withdrawal
• Physically and Psychologically Dependent

No Specific Time Line
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Controlled Substance Act

• Schedule I ALL ILLEGAL DRUGS, HAVE NO MEDICAL
  USE, ADDICTIVE SUBSTANCES
• Schedule II Written Prescription Required with
  NO REFILLS. Abuse can cause Addiction.
• Schedule III Written Prescription Required with
  Refills up to 5 times within 6 months. Moderate
  chance of Addiction.
• Schedule IV Written Prescription Required with
  Refills up to 5 times within 6 months. Low
  chance of Addiction
• Schedule V Mostly Over the Counter

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Influencing FactorsEffects of Drugs Medicines

• Dosage the amount of the drug or medicine taken
• Effective Dose recommended amount for most
  people
• Therapeutic Dose prescribed amount for health
  problems
• Lethal Dose self-administered overdose amount
• Potency the strength of the dosage on the CNS
  Brain
• Administration method that the substance is
  taken into the body
• Injection injected with a needle is the
  quickest
• Inhalation smoked or snorted is the 2nd
  quickest
• Ingestion swallowed and digested is the slowest
• Body Chemistry DRUGS EFFECT EVERYBODY
  DIFFERENTLY
• Absorption how the substance is absorbed into
  the bloodstream
• Fat Soluble dissolves in oily solutions
  quickly they will take effect quicker, but they
  are usually less potent
• Examples Marijuana, Hashish
• Water Soluble requires active transport from
  the blood to the brain they will take effect
  slower, but are usually more potent
• Examples Cocaine, Alcohol

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Drug Medicine Risks

• Effective Dosage
• the amount of a drug or medicine that it takes to
  produce an effect
• Lethal Dosage
• the amount of a drug or medicine that it takes to
  cause a fatal overdose

• Therapeutic Index
• The effective dose divided into the lethal dose
• Margin of Safety
• The range between the effective dose and the
  lethal dose of the drug or medicine
• Physicians know how to determine proper dosage
• Drug Dealers have NO IDEA WHAT DOSAGE IS!

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Addiction Dependency

• Tolerance substance abuser needs more and more
  to produce the high
• Withdrawal symptoms produced when coming down
  from a high
• Addiction complete dependency on a drug need
  to use to feel normal
• Physiological Dependency body has a physical
  need for the drug
• Psychological Dependency mind has a mental need
  for the drug

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Dangerous Drug andMedicine Interactions

• Allergic Reaction hypersensitivity to the
  dosage causing fever, rashes, nausea, diarrhea,
  etc..
• Toxic Reaction poisonous effect to the dosage
  causing convulsions, seizures, stroke, cardiac
  arrest, etc..
• Additive Reaction combined effect of two or
  chemical substances that improve the users
  condition
• Paradoxical Reaction contradictory effect
  causing the opposite of what was anticipated
• Synergistic Reaction combined effect of two or
  more chemical substances causing intensified
  effects on the brain and the central nervous
  system
• Antagonistic Reaction effect of one substance
  canceling or reducing the effect of another
  substance

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Psychoactive Drugs

• Chemical Substances are categorized by how they
  alter the CNS (Central Nervous System)
• Stimulants speeds up CNS
• Depressants slows down CNS
• Hallucinogens alters and distorts CNS
• Narcotics anesthetic effect on CNS
• Tranquilizers sedative effect on CNS
• Cannabis Derivatives sedative effect on CNS,
  with some potential hallucinogenic effects

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Stimulantsincrease heart rate metabolism

• Amphetamines
• Cocaine
• Methamphetamine
• Caffeine
• Nicotine
• Methylphenidate

• Overdose Effects
• Seizures
• Convulsions
• Blood Clots
• Heart Attack
• Stroke

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Depressantsdecrease heart rate metabolism

• Alcohol
• Barbiturates
• GHB
• Benzodiazepines
• Rohypnol

• Overdose Effects
• Kidney Failure
• Liver Dysfunction
• Heart Failure
• Memory Loss
• Depression
• Lowered Blood Pressure

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Tranquilizers/Sedativesbrain and CNS are
suppressed, causing sedation

• Methaqualone
• Valium
• Ketamine

• Overdose Effects
• Kidney Failure
• Liver Dysfunction
• Heart Failure
• Memory Loss
• Depression
• Lowered Blood Pressure

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Hallucinogensbrain and CNS are distorted,
causinghearing and vision to be altered

• Overdose Effects
• Mental Confusion
• Chromosome Damage
• Brain Dysfunction
• Chemical Imbalance in the Brain
• Flashbacks

• LSD
• PCP
• DMT
• Mescaline
• Psilocybin

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Narcotic-Analgesicspain relievers, numb tissue,
sedate

• Heroin
• Opium
• Morphine
• Codeine
• Fentanyl
• Oxycodone
• Hydromorphone
• Hydrocodone

• Overdose Effects
• Respiratory Depression
• Cardiac Arrest
• Drug Induced Coma

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Cannabis Derivativesdepressant some mild
hallucinogenic effects

• Overdose Effects
• Impaired Memory
• Respiratory Infections
• Panic Attacks
• Paranoia
• Chemical Imbalance in the Brain
• Cardiac Dysfunction

• Marijuana
• Hashish
• Hash Oil
• THC

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Designers/Club Drugssynthetic concoctions of
chemicalsstimulants hallucinogens mixed
ordepressants hallucinogens mixed

• XTC
• MDA
• MDMA
• ICE
• CAT
• GHB
• Crank
• Crack

• Overdose Effects
• Paranoia
• Impaired Memory
• Psychotic Behavior
• Cardiac Toxicity
• Liver Failure
• Neurological Damage

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Look-Alikes

• Fake substances which appear to resemble illegal
  drugs that are sold as street drugs
• Oregano for Marijuana
• Powdered Sugar for Cocaine
• Rock Candy for Crack
• Strychnine for Heroin

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Inhalants Poppers

• Volatile chemical substances with breathable
  fumes that are sniffed and inhaled to provide a
  mind-altering high
• Spray Paint
• Glues
• Lighter Fluid
• Amyl Nitrite
• Butyl Nitrite
• Nitrous Oxide
• Solvents
• Aerosols

• Overdose
• Liver Failure
• Kidney Dysfunction
• Change in Bone Marrow Structure
• Permanent Brain Damage
• Blood Oxygen Displacement
• Neurological Damage

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Steroids
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Addiction and Codependency

• Enablers people that cover up and protect the
  addict from facing the various consequences of
  their addiction
• Codependents people who become overly concerned
  and involved with someones addiction, feels
  obligated to fix them

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Treatment Recovery

• Intervention family and friends confronting the
  addict about their drug or alcohol problem
• Detoxification medication is given to ease the
  symptoms of withdrawal
• Relapse returning to doing drugs or alcohol
  after quitting and going through treatment
• Treatment different types of recovery programs
• Recovery learning to live life again in a drug
  and alcohol free lifestyle

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Treatment Programs

• Detox. Units medically supervised
  hospitalization to ease the withdrawal from the
  addiction to the drug or alcohol
• Inpatient Units medical and psychological care
  while the patient is placed in a rehabilitation
  facility
• Outpatient Units recovering addict continues to
  go to work or school, but also gets treatment
  from the rehabilitation facility
• Halfway Houses after 30 days of treatment,
  recovering addicts will stay for 6 months to 1
  year for additional counseling and treatment

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The Road to Recovery

• Hits Bottom-Crashes and Burns
• Experiences Consequences of drug and alcohol
  abuse and seeks out help
• Medical Evaluation and Treatment
• Diagnosis to determine degree of addiction, and
  possible placement in a treatment facility
• 12 Step Recovery Programs
• Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous
• Social Readjustment
• Changes Playmates, Playgrounds, Play Things
• Drug/Alcohol Free
• Rebuilds Life, Develops Drug-Free Lifestyle

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BE DRUG FREE
"Drugs Can Make An Idiot Out Of A Genius,
and When You Cease To Exist, Then Who Will They
Blame"
Bob Dylan