www.usich.gov

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• www.usich.gov

2
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS
Michigan Campaign to End Homelessness Statewid
e Summit October 15, 2007
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

• THE NATIONAL PARTNERSHIP
• INVESTMENT, INNOVATION, AND RESULTS
• IN ENDING HOMELESSNESS

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

• HOMELESSNESS
• 20 years of

• Increasing numbers
• Decreasing morale
• Expanded funding
• Limited results

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

• PRESIDENTS GOAL
• OF ENDING CHRONIC HOMELESSNESS
• Presidents FY 2003 budget headlined a new top
  objective
• to End Chronic Homelessness in 10 Years.
• Research and data based objective.
• President revitalized the Council in March 2002.
• Council begins work of constellating the
  National Partnership.
• Council prioritizes the Presidents Management
  Agenda as context for strategy.

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

• PRESIDENTS MANAGEMENT AGENDA
• The Presidents Management Agenda calls for
  federal investments to be
• research and data-driven
• performance-based
• results-oriented

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND
POLITICAL WILL

• Constellating
• the National Partnership

• Every level of government
• Every element of the private sector

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND
POLITICAL WILL

• INTERGOVERNMENTAL AND INTERCOMMUNITY
  PARTNERSHIPS

• Federal
• State
• County and City
• Private Sector

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND
POLITICAL WILL
COUNCIL MEMBERS/FEDERAL PARTNERS
U.S. Department of Agriculture U.S. Department of
Commerce U.S. Department of Defense U.S.
Department of Education U.S. Department of
Energy U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services U.S. Department of Homeland
Security U.S. Department of Housing and Urban
Development U.S. Department of the Interior U.S.
Department of Justice U.S. Department of
Labor U.S. Department of Transportation U.S.
Department of Veterans Affairs   USA Freedom
Corps United States Postal Service Social
Security Administration General Services
Administration Office of Management and
Budget Corporation for National and Community
Service White House Office of Faith Based and
Community Initiatives
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESOURCES AND
INVESTMENTS
TARGETED FEDERAL HOMELESS ASSISTANCE INVESTMENTS
FY 2001- 2008 (in millions)
Source OMB
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESOURCES AND
INVESTMENTS
TARGETED FEDERAL HOMELESS ASSISTANCE INVESTMENTS
FY 2001 - 2008 (in millions)
www.usich.gov
Source OMB
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

FEDERAL INTERAGENCY AND TARGETED INITIATIVES

• Federal funding for prevention for special
  populations including
• Reentering prisoners
• Aging out foster care youth
• Individuals needing substance abuse treatment

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

FEDERAL INTERAGENCY AND TARGETED INITIATIVES

• Unprecedented federal interagency collaborations
  targeted to
• Creating permanent and permanent supportive
  housing
• Accessing consumer-centric mainstream
  resources, including benefits, health care, and
  education ? Medicaid ?
  Food Stamps ? SSI/SSDI
  ? TANF
  ? EITC
  
• ? Veterans benefits and health care
• Supporting employment
• Reaching underserved populations, including
  the uninsured, and underserved areas, including
  rural areas

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESOURCES AND
INVESTMENTS
LEVERAGING OF STATE, CITY, and PRIVATE SECTOR
INVESTMENT RESULTS Since 2003 over 38,380
units/tenancies of targeted permanent supportive
housing have been created or are in development
toward the goal of 150,000 such opportunities
for persons experiencing chronic homelessness.
Since 2003 these same 100 State and City
jurisdictions have leveraged a total of over 3.4
billion in State, local, and private investment
and commitments toward the goals of their 10-Year
Plans, including the goal of ending chronic
homelessness. This includes investment for
housing and services, as well as prevention
activities.
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND POLITICAL WILL
Status of State Interagency Councils on
Homelessness (2006)

KEY Shaded States State
Interagency Councils
www.usich.gov
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City and County 10-Year Plan Update (October 2007)
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND
POLITICAL WILL
310 and counting
200
300
www.usich.gov
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KEY SHAREHOLDERS IN INCLUSIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN
DEVELOPING AND SUPPORTING 10-YEAR PLANS
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND
POLITICAL WILL
Agency / Department Heads
Mayor/ County Executive
Law Enforcement Officials
Hospital Administrators
Librarians
Federal Agencies
State Government
Individuals experiencing Homelessness
Business Civic Leaders
Non-profits / foundations
Faith-based Organizations
General Public
Parks Recreation Departments
Academia
United Way/ Chambers of Commerce
Housing Developers Service Providers
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND
POLITICAL WILL
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PARTNERS IN ENDING
CHRONIC HOMELESSNESS
www.usich.gov
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HOME FROM THE STREETS PUTTING AN END TO CHRONIC
HOMELESSNESS
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP
A new book by former HUD Secretaries Henry
Cisneros and Jack Kemp, former HUD Assistant
Secretary Nick Retsinas, and former National
Association of Home Builders CEO Kent Colton
affirms the Councils work and the results of
10-Year Plans, and offers recommendations for
actions by state and local jurisdictional
leaders. Local officials must lead efforts to
end chronic homelessness in their communities
using a research-driven approach to incorporating
the Housing First model . . . 10-Year Plans are
showing success.
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP AND
POLITICAL WILL

• PARTNERSHIP
• TRUMPS
• PARTISANSHIP

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS INNOVATIVE BUSINESS THINKING
INFORMING 10-YEAR STRATEGIES

• INNOVATIVE BUSINESS THINKING INFORMING 10-YEAR
  STRATEGIES
• The Tipping Point How Little Things Can Make a
  Big Difference
• Good to Great
• The Innovators Dilemma

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH AND DATA
Why Chronic Homelessness?
www.usich.gov
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WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUALS
EXPERIENCING CHRONIC HOMELESSNESS?
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA

• Unaccompanied individuals
• Homeless for a year or more or multiple times
  over a several year period
• Disabled by addiction, mental illness, chronic
  physical illness or disability, or developmental
  disability
• Frequent histories of hospitalization, unstable
  employment, and incarceration
• Average age - early 40s

www.usich.gov
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INDIVIDUALS EXPERIENCING CHRONIC HOMELESSNESS
CONSUME A DISPROPORTIONATE AMOUNT OF HOMELESS
RESOURCES
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
10 of the homeless population consumes over 50
of the resources
Other homeless subpopulations
Chronically homeless
Burt, Martha R., Laudan Y. Aron and Edgar Lee.
2001. Helping America's Homeless Emergency
Shelter or Affordable Housing? Washington, DC
Urban Institute Press. Kuhn, R. Culhane, D.P.
(1998). Applying cluster analysis to test of a
typology of homelessness Results from the
analysis of administrative data. The American
Journal of Community Psychology, 17 (1), 23-43.
Community Shelter Board. Rebuilding Lives A
New Strategy to House Homeless Men. Columbus,
OH Emergency Food and Shelter Board.
www.usich.gov
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INDIVIDUALS EXPERIENCING CHRONIC HOMELESSNESS
CONSUME A DISPROPORTIONATE AMOUNT OF MAINSTREAM
RESOURCES
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA

• Individuals experiencing chronic homelessness are
  heavy users of costly public resources,
  including
• Emergency medical services, ambulance, EMTs
• Primary health care, multi-day hospital
  stays
• Behavioral health care, psychiatric
  treatment, detox facilities
• Justice system Police, law enforcement,
  corrections, courts

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS ECONOMICS OF HOMELESSNESS
ECONOMICS OF HOMELESSNESS

• Moral reasons to respond to homelessness
• Spiritual reasons to respond to homelessness
• Humanitarian reasons to respond to homelessness
• Economic consequences of homelessness

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES
Maine
Seattle
Portland
Minnesota
Boston
Minneapolis
California
SE CT
Quincy
New York
Chicago
Salt Lake City
Dayton
Reno
San Francisco
Richmond
Denver
Indianapolis
Santa Barbara
Louisville
Asheville, NC
Los Angeles
Atlanta
Maricopa County
San Diego
Jacksonville
Waco
Gainesville
Completed Studies
San Antonio
Lee County
Studies in Progress
Broward County
Key West
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES BOSTON
The Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program
tracked 119 persons experiencing chronic
homelessness for 5 years and discovered that they
had more than 18,000 emergency room visits at
an average cost of 1000 per visit.
Boston
Source Boston Health Care for the Homeless
Program
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA
One chronically homeless man with heart failure
and mental illness experienced 44 preventable
medical hospitalizations in Birmingham from
2001-2005, with 36 additional emergency room
visits, according to research in the city's 10-
Year Plan. His inability to pay for and take his
required cardiovascular medications caused his
heart to deteriorate, leading to most of his
hospital admissions. He accrued 334,275 in
hospital charges, a cost absorbed entirely by
the taxpayers of Jefferson County, Alabama.
Birmingham
Source Birmingham 10-Year Plan
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS
Based on a loose accounting of costs through
emergency medical services, emergency room
encounters at University Health System and the
Bexar County Jail, Haven for Hope officials
estimate the center could save taxpayers a
significant portion of the 40,676,475 they say
is spent each year to help them in piecemeal
fashion. San Antonio Express News 9/2007 San
Antonio Municipal Court records since 1999 show
one chronically homeless man with 460 - 485
municipal violations, mostly alcohol-related,
with many violations carrying misdemeanor
tickets, leading to warrants and eventually his
arrest. City, county, and state records show
this individual was arrested and booked into
Bexar County jail 78 times for 657 days, usually
for criminal trespass or obstructing a
passageway 48,450 Total jail cost minus any
medical treatment PLUS 185 public
intoxification detentions since late 1999
(earliest computer records for the city) at cost
of 18,500 90,000 558 days in state prison
for burglary
San Antonio
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS
According to San Antonios Center for Health
Care Services jail diversion program, if the
local jail population is about 4,000, between 450
and 550 of the inmates are homeless. 8.2
million Annual cost (at 50 per day) of
homeless population in local jail 610,680
San Antonio Baptist Health System care provided
to homeless patients from July 2006 to June
2007 436,195 Fire Department's Emergency
Medical Services logged 916 transports of
homeless people last fiscal year
San Antonio
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES INDIANAPOLIS
Researchers examined 96 chronically homeless
individuals and use of outpatient and inpatient
care, police, incarceration, and corrections over
3.5 years. 73 Average number of outpatient
visits 11,772 Average cost of health
services 1,130,122 Total cost of health care
services to 96 people 5 average number of
criminal justice encounters 599,525 cost to
criminal justice system TOTAL 1.7 million in
costs to Indianapolis and Marion County
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES ATHENS, GEORGIA
Athens-Clark County, Georgia Department of Human
and Economic Development examined cost of
services by homeless population in two local
hospitals 7,000 total visits by 576 individuals
in one year, including emergency, inpatient, and
outpatient, or an average of 583 visits per month
including 4,687 ER visits 700 ambulance
rides 12.378 million total hospital costs for
homeless clients including 243 individuals
with more than 8 visits each, for a total of
4.2 million
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES TUCSON, ARIZONA
New research prepared for the Tucson 10-Year
Plan showed Downtown Tucson police officers
spent about 200 hours in 1,070 encounters with
people who are homeless during April, at an
estimated cost to the Police Department of
64,000. Tucson's Fire Department last year
spent an estimated 2 million answering an
estimated 3,000 calls - out of a total 76,000 911
calls - from people who are homeless.
Tucson
Source Tucson 10-Year Plan
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES ASHEVILLE, NORTH
CAROLINA
10-Year Planners analyzed the service use of 37
homeless men and women over a period of 3 years
and found that these individuals cost the city
and county more than 800,000 each year,
including 1,271 arrests generating 278,000 in
jail costs 280 episodes of EMS services for
120,000 425,000 in hospitalization costs
Asheville
Source Looking Homeward The Ten Year Plan to
End Homelessness, Asheville and Buncombe County
2005
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES RENO, NEVADA
Two frustrated police officers tracked the costs
of two chronically homeless individuals, two of
whom accounted for 100,000 and 120,000 in
hospital expenses in less than a year. The
officers determined that one individual
Million Dollar Murray had cost more than 1
million in hospitalization, incarceration, detox
treatments, and ambulance rides.
Reno
We spent 1 million not to do anything about
him. Reno P.D. Officer Patrick OBryan
Source Reno Police Department, Downtown
Enforcement Team
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES SAN DIEGO,
CALIFORNIA I
The University of California at San Diego
followed 15 chronically homeless street people
for 18 months, tracking their use of behavioral
health acute systems, mental health and substance
abuse services, law enforcement interventions on
the streets, and temporary periods of
incarceration.
TOTAL COST 3 MILLION, 200,000/PER PERSON
San Diego
Source UCSD Medical Center, 1998
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES MASSACHUSETTS COST
SAVINGS
Massachusettss 15-year-old Special Initiative
to House the Homeless Mentally Ill Before
housing placement 46,423 hospital days accrued
by 146 sample clients in 2 years before housing
placement Yields average of 102 hospital days
per client for all clients 420 per day cost for
DMH, or 19.5 million over two years prior to
housing, or 9.75 million annually, or 42
percent of the annual appropriation for the
program of 23.1 million After housing
placement 93 percent drop in average
per-client-in- housing hospital days with a
similar drop in cost per average client
Massachusetts
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES QUINCY,
MASSACHUSETTS COST SAVINGS
In conjunction with its first shelter closing
resulting from Housing First success under its
jurisdictional 10-Year Plan, Quincy researchers
found 77 decrease in number of inpatient
hospitalizations 44 decrease in hospital
days Resulting in 51,750 in hospital
savings 86 reduction in psychiatric
hospitalizations 83 decrease in ER use
Source Quincy Housing First Final Report,
September 2007
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES PORTLAND, MAINE COST
SAVINGS
Researchers tracked 99 chronically homeless
individuals who moved to permanent supportive
housing in Portland, Maine. 50 reduction in
service costs in ambulance and emergency room
use, jail nights, and police contacts after
housing placement, dropping from an average of
over 28,000 per person annually to 14,000,
Health care costs decreased 59 after housing
placement. Mental health care costs decreased
41. Treatment utilization increased by
35. 497,042 Health care savings 128,373
Emergency room savings (decrease of 62) 255,421
Inpatient hospitalization savings (decrease of
77)
Source Cost of Homelessness Greater Portland,
September 2007.
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES PORTLAND,
OREGON COST SAVINGS
Portland
Central City Concern followed 35 homeless
individuals placed in housing supported by ACT
teams. Pre-enrollment health care and
incarceration costs per person
42,075 Post-enrollment health care and
incarceration costs supportive housing cost per
person 25,776 Annual cost savings per person
16,299
Source Estimated cost savings following
enrollment in the Community Engagement Program,
Central City Concern, 2006
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES DENVER COST SAVINGS

• Housing First study examined emergency room,
  inpatient medical, psychiatric, outpatient
  medical, detox services, incarceration, and
  shelter costs and utilization for 2 years pre-
  and post housing placement.
• Average of 8 years of homelessness per person
• Over 80 housing retention at 6 months
• 73 reduction in emergency costs or nearly
  600,000 in the 2 years post placement compared
  to 2 years while homeless.

Denver
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
INSIGHTS FROM COST STUDIES DENVER COST SAVINGS
REINVESTMENT STRATEGY FOR HOUSING

• Total emergency costs 31,545 per participant,
  or 4.7 million total.
• Projected for entire Denver chronically homeless
  population of 513 persons 16.1 million.
• If costs of supportive housing and services are
  factored in, net cost savings 4,745 per
  person.
• Total net cost savings for the current
  participants are projected to be 711,734.
• Projected net cost savings for all 513
  chronically homeless persons would be 2,424,131.
  
• Only outpatient health costs increased, as
  participants were directed to more appropriate
  and cost effective services by the program.

August 2007 Mayor Hickenlooper announces
Denver will re-invest 20 million in savings in
public systems to create 200 new units of housing
for persons who are chronically homeless.
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA
Costs of Permanent Supportive Housing vs. Costs
of Chronic Homelessness in Health Care and Law
Enforcement Systems
Low 13,000
High 25,000
www.usich.gov
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INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA

• The old status quo of ad hoc, uncoordinated
  crisis intervention isnt working - more
  expensive, less effective
• Strategic housing solutions of future are less
  costly than ad hoc crisis interventions of
  present
• Move beyond nonsense to common sense and the
  dollars and sense of homelessness
• Einstein observation Definition of Insanity

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME

• BUSINESS FRAME

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME

• KILLER BS

Business Plan
Business Plan
Baselines
Baselines
Benchmarks
Benchmarks
Best Practices
Best Practices
Budget
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME

• THE PERFORMANCE PS

Political Will
Political Will
Partnerships
Partnerships
Prevention
Prevention
Performance
Performance
Pricing
Pricing
Place
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME

• THE NEW VERNACULARChanging the verb Moving
  from managing the crisis to ending the disgrace
• Research driven
• Performance based
• Results oriented
• Accountability ensured
• Consumer centric
• Business focused
• Partnership enhanced
• Innovation infused
• Inductive planning
• Inclusive partnership

Conjecture and Anecdote Process
based Maintenance oriented Good
intentions Provider centric Social services
focused Isolated response Status quo maintained
Deductive planning Limited response
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME
CONSUMER CENTRIC
Who is the consumer?
What do they want?
Place
www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS
INNOVATION INFUSED
GOOD . . .TO BETTER . . . TO GREAT
PRESIDENTS MANAGEMENT AGENDA
RESEARCH ON HOMELESSNESS
PROJECT HOMELESS CONNECT
ASSERTIVE COMMUNITY TREATMENT TEAMS (ACT)
JURISDICTIONALLY-LED, COMMUNITY-BASED 10-YEAR
PLANS
PSYCHOTROPIC MEDS - NO WRONG DOOR
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS STUDIES
STREET ENUMERATION BASELINES
HENNPIN COUNTY HOMELESS PREVENTION/RAPID EXIT
THERAPEUTIC COURTS HOMELESS BEHAVIORAL
HEALTH COURTS
HOUSING FIRST PERMANENT SUPPORTIVE HOUSING
CRISIS INTERVENTION TEAMS (CIT)
HOUSING SEARCH/STABILIZATION
www.usich.gov
52
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME
INNOVATION INFUSED

• PERMANENT SUPPORTIVE HOUSING
• Cost-effective housing model that combines
  long-term housing (with a lease, with rent, and
  without time limits) with on-site or off-site
  services available to the individual to support
  and maintain tenancy
• Especially effective for persons with complex
  needs, history of homelessness, no or very low
  incomes and health and behavioral health issues
  that may include substance use, mental illness,
  and HIV/AIDS
• Creates savings by reducing the use of public
  services, including
• Reductions in hospitalizations, incarcerations,
  and shelter costs cover the cost of developing,
  operating and providing services in supportive
  housing

www.usich.gov
53
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME
INNOVATION INFUSED

• HOUSING FIRST
• Consumer-centric permanent supportive housing
  strategy providing immediate access to permanent
  housing without requiring shelter stay, program
  participation, treatment or sobriety as a
  precondition for housing
• Solution-oriented innovation effectively
  combines with ACT team services to support
  persons who have been chronically homeless and
  have complex needs
• Anti-creaming serves those labeled as the
  hardest to serve, service resistant, not
  housing ready, non-compliant, barred
  individuals
• Nomenclature of failed systems and lapsed
  creativity is symptomatic of the fatigue that
  comes with failed strategies

www.usich.gov
54
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME
INNOVATION INFUSED

• ASSERTIVE COMMUNITY TREATMENT TEAMS (ACT)
• An effective, evidence-based, outreach-oriented,
  clinical service delivery model for people with
  severe and persistent mental illnesses
• Provides highly individualized services directly
  to consumers
• Multidisciplinary, 24/7 round-the-clock staffing
  - clinical team members are trained in the areas
  of psychiatry, social work, nursing, substance
  abuse, and vocational rehabilitation

www.usich.gov
55
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME
INNOVATION INFUSED

• STREET TO HOME
• Strategic targeting of individuals coupled with
  intensive followup and immediacy of housing
  placement modeled on the successful approach used
  in the United Kingdom's Rough Sleepers
  Initiative.
• Being used in New York City by Common Ground
  with to reduce street homelessness in Times
  Square 87 in two years.
• Strategic elements ? Identify and
  prioritize target anchors in street community
  
• ? Assess and negotiate ensure immediacy
  of housing and benefits
• ? House and retain tenancies sustain new
  tenancies with appropriate services and followup

www.usich.gov
56
UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS
THE INNOVATION OF PROJECT HOMELESS CONNECT

• 1-Day, 1-Stop - adopted by more than 130
  communities in just 2 years, from San Francisco
  to Miami
• Political and Civic Leadership tied to 10-Year
  Plan goalsin communities of all sizes
• Mobilization of Civic Will welcoming homeless
  neighbors
• Engagement to End Homelessness unprecedented
  partnership, including federal partners such as
  SSA, VA, and USDA
• Consumer-centric immediate results for
  individuals, youth, families, including
  transportation and followup

National Project Homeless Connect ? www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA

• UNPRECEDENTED MEDIA FOCUS FROM DIVERSE OUTLETS

www.usich.gov
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
AN ACCELERATING NATIONAL MOVEMENT REDUCES
NUMBERS OF CHRONICALLY HOMELESS 10-Year Plans
encouraged by the Council are a burst of effort
that has buoyed a field long accustomed to
futility and part of an accelerating national
movement that has reduced the numbers of the
chronically homeless. The New York Times, June
2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
U.S. HOMELESS NUMBERS DECLINE CHRONIC CASES ARE
A TREMENDOUS FINANCIAL BURDEN ON THEIR
COMMUNITIES The goal of the Councils 10-Year
Plans is to put the most dysfunctional people in
the country . . . quickly into supportive housing
with counseling services to help them get
healthy. Those chronic cases are a tremendous
financial burden on their communities in
hospital, jail, and other services . . . San
Francisco Chronicle, May 14, 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
HOMELESS IN AMERICA CAN URBAN STREET
HOMELESSNESS BE ENDED? Can urban street
homelessness be ended? . . .the Bush White
House argues that the answer is yes and is
putting substantial effort and resources (over
4 billion annually) into proving it. The Wall
Street Journal, January 18, 2007
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
METRICS OF BUSINESS IS THE LANGUAGE OF HOPE
TARGETING THE TOUGHEST CUSTOMERS OF ALL
Here's how hard-headed business practices can
help the world's wealthiest nation deal with the
hard-core homeless . . . The market research is
done the usual way asking what they want. The
typical response is emphatic . . . What they want
is a room of their own. As with any business
plan, a lot has to go right. But while applying
the metrics of business to homelessness may sound
icily clinical, ultimately this is the language
of hope. Fortune Magazine, 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
DEMOCRATS SAY ADMINISTRATION PLAN OFFERS
SOLUTIONS . . . A number of big-city
Democratic mayors who have often been harshly
critical of Bushs domestic policies say the new
approach offers practical solutions to a problem
that has vexed them for decades.
Bloomberg.com, June 15, 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
UNDERSTANDING THE HIDDEN COSTS OF
HOMELESSNESS GOOD SAMARITAN Editorial Part
of the rationale for these new investments was
based on an enlightened understanding of the
hidden costs of homelessness. But the White
House also concluded that policies needed to move
in a new direction. The Washington Times,
March 23, 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
MILLION DOLLAR MURRAY Why problems like
homelessness may be easier to solve than to
manage By Malcolm Gladwell . . .enormous sums
of money are already being spent on the
chronically homeless, and . . . the kind of money
it would take to solve the problem could well be
less than the kind of money it took to ignore
it. So far, the Council has convinced more than
two hundred cities to radically reevaluate their
policy for dealing with the homeless. The New
Yorker, February 13, 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
MOVING THE HOMELESS OUT OF SHELTERS, INTO
HOMES A new approach is being heralded not only
as more successful in fighting chronic
homelessness, but more cost effective From
New York to Dallas to Seattle, cities across the
country are focusing not just on emergency
shelter, but on getting the homeless homes. As a
result, they're seeing reductions in the numbers
of chronically homeless people on their streets
and in their shelters . . . The federal
government, under Mangano's leadership, is also
asking for a record a 4.4 billion dollars in
2008 to spur the development of more
supportive-housing complexes. Christian
Science Monitor, August 2007
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
EDITORIAL - DOING THE MATH TO REDUCE
HOMELESSNESS What cities are discovering is
that it's more cost-efficient - and humane - to
provide these individuals a long-term residence
up front and assign them visiting case workers,
rather than allowing them to rack up hefty tabs
as frequent fliers to city and private
services. Christian Science Monitor Editorial,
June 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
STABLE HOUSING CURBS HUGE COSTS CHRONIC
HOMELESS IN INTERVENTION SPOTLIGHT . . .some
researchers, government agencies, and advocates
for the homeless began to take a hard look at the
data . . .if the chronic homeless were given
intensive intervention that included some form of
stable, safe housing, the savings created from
curbing the huge costs generated by these
individuals could be used to help other homeless
individuals. Journal of the American Medical
Association, May 24/31, 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
the resource for states and localities
SOLVING THE TOUGHEST, MOST VISIBLE, AND COSTLY
PART OF THE PROBLEM The mission is to cajole
Governors, Mayors and County Executives into not
just embracing but owning the elusive goal of
ending chronic homelessness. What matters more
than rhetoric and the planning is the new
thinking behind it all focusing on the toughest
and most visible part of the problem the
hard-core street homeless, who cost taxpayers
dearly in hospital and prison stays. Abolitioni
st Apostle On a mission to end chronic
homelessness, November 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
TACKLING CHRONIC HOMELESSNESS IS RIGHT
APPROACH For once, there seems to be some
unanimity of purpose between the center and the
cities. The U.S. Conference of Mayors has
endorsed the Ten-Year Plan, reflecting a change
of emphasis at the local level, too. Cities such
as Philadelphia, New York and Chicago have
started to try to move their chronic homeless
from shelters to supportive housing of one sort
or another . . . . . . homelessness is not
really one problem, but two one brought on
usually by disability, the other largely by
economic misfortune. Chronic homelessness may be
the right one to tackle first. Homelessness -
Gimme a roof over my head A huge problem with,
at last, a solution? August 2003
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
SAVE MONEY SAVE LIVES The consequences of
Administration efforts to date are amazing -
significant percentage drops in such cities as
San Francisco, Philadelphia, Miami, Dallas,
Denver and Portland, Oregon . . . You save money
this way, but here's the real gold You save
lives. President Bush, the stealth
humanitarian, Scripps Howard News
Services January 9, 2007
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS UNPRECEDENTED RESEARCH/DATA -
INSIGHTS FROM COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS . . .
SOMETHING THAT WORKS One factor now motivating
local officials is a realization of how much the
homeless are costing them . . . The important
thing is that somebody has finally found
something that works. Give 'em Shelter Good
news for the homeless. by William Tucker, July
3, 2006
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS

RESULTS-ORIENTED

1996 VA estimated 250,000 veterans homeless on
any given night 2006 VA reports 25 percent
decrease in the population, with fewer than
195,000 veterans homeless.
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UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON
HOMELESSNESS BUSINESS FRAME
RESULTS IN REDUCING STREET AND CHRONIC
HOMELESSNESS
Portland, ME 49 decrease
Seattle/King County 20 decrease
Duluth 15 decrease
Nashua, NH 64 decrease
Quincy, MA 55 decrease
Yakima 15 decrease
Tacoma 65 decrease
Madison 30 decrease
Portland 70 decrease
Danbury, CT 10 decrease
New York City 15 decrease
Chicago 9 decrease
Philadelphia 50 decrease
Contra Costa 35 decrease
Nashville, TN 21 decrease
St. Louis 34 decrease
Denver 36 decrease
DC 6.5 decrease
San Francisco 38 decrease
Norfolk 17 decrease
Asheville, NC 23 decrease
Shreveport 15 decrease
Monterey, CA 11 decrease
Raleigh/Wake County, NC 11 decrease
Fort Worth 42 decrease
Augusta 16decrease
Montgomery 14 decrease
Dallas 43 decrease
Atlanta 8 decrease
Gainesville 18 decrease
Mobile 26 decrease
For the year 2006 2007.
Miami 50 decrease
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