Moving And Rescuing Victims

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Moving And Rescuing Victims
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Emergency Moves

• Pull victim in direction of long axis
• Tug on clothing in the neck and shoulder area
• Pull victim onto a blanket, then drag blanket
• Consider your strength, protect back, remain
  stable

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Drowning

• Types
• Dry
• Absence of water
• Due to larynospasm (voice box)
• 10
• Wet
• Water in lungs (85)
• Secondary
• Resuscitated but dies within 96 hours

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Drowning Prevention

• Wear life vests
• Make wise decisions around water
• Even good swimmers get in trouble
• Never swim alone
• Know your capabilities
• Know the body of water

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Drowning Prevention 2

• Keep pools fenced
• Gates locked
• Monitor small children
• Wear life jacket

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Someone is in obvious trouble in a nearby body of
water. What would you do?
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Reach / Wade /Throw /Row / Go
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Reach

• Simplest way to rescue
• Safest
• Secure your footing or have a bystander grab your
  belt or pants
• Reach out to the victim with a gaff, pole, stick,
  ladder or other object

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Wade

• Wade out into shallow water to aid in the reach
  process

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Throw

• Throw anything that floats flotation device,
  empty fuel cans, plastic containers, cushions,
  short pieces of wood
• (Hopefully you have a rope to tie to the thrown
  object)

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Row

• Row out on a sailboard, boogie board, rowboat,
  canoe, ski, or other
• Requires skill gained through practice
• Is safer than a swimming rescue
• Pull victim in over the back of the boat, never
  the side

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Go

• Swimming rescue
• Difficult and hazardous
• Requires skill, training, excellent physical
  condition
• Victim and rescuer often die

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Now that the victim is rescued, what should you
do?

• If victim was diving, suspect spinal cord injury
• Keep victim in-line floating unless CPR is
  required
• Check ABCs not breathing? Give CPR
• No spinal cord injury suspected, place on side to
  allow fluids to drain from airway
• All drowning victims should be seen by a physician

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Cold Water Immersion may lead to Hypothermia (70
degree water or less)

• Heat loss in 25 times faster in water than
  exposure to cold air
• Titanic deaths primarily due to hypothermia
• (2 hours before help arrived)
• Should you swim or tread water or huddle (p.417)?
• First aid? Same as for drowning victims EXCEPT
  Continue CPR longer than 30 minutes

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After The Rescue

• Protect yourself and the victim from cold
• Dry clothing
• Give CPR if necessary
• Do not start CPR if submerged 60 minutes
• All rescued victims should be seen by a physician

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Ice Rescue High Risk

• Extend a pole or floatable object with a rope
  attached
• Form human chain??
• Lie flat, push a ladder, plank, or tire (secured
  with a rope) out ahead of yourself
• Stay off frozen bodies of water

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At The Beach

• Watch for posted warning flags
• Rip tide
• Undertow

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Confined Spaces

• Tanks
• Vats
• Silos
• Bins
• Trenches
• Pits

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Confined Spaces What To Do

• Immediately call for help
• Do not rush in to help
• If you are the attendant
• Do not enter the confined space unless
• You are relieved by another attendant
• You are part of the rescue team
• When help arrives, try to rescue without entering
  the space
• If space must be entered, allow trained and
  equipped rescuers to enter (harnesses)
• Give first aid, rescue breathing, CPR

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Triage (Multiple Victims)

• To sort or prioritize victims
• Goal greatest good for the greatest number of
  victims
• Survey the scene
• Call EMS
• Decide who is to be cared for and transported
  first

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Triage Classifying Victims

• 1) Immediate care
• Life-threatening injuries but can be saved
• 2) Urgent care
• Victim does not fit in category 1 or 3
• 3) Delayed care
• Minor injuries, can be delayed up to 3 hours
• 4) Dead

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A brick surface near the top of Twin Towers has
fallen and many students have been injured. You
have surveyed the scene and called 911. Now,
what should you do?
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What To Do?

• You are the take charge person
• Recruit the help of bystanders
• Tell all who can get up and walk to move to a
  designated location (delayed priority)
• Go to motionless victims first CONTROVERSIAL
  (move rapidly no more than 60 seconds per
  person)
• Re-asses victims regularly
• Organized chaos

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Behavorial Emergencies 21Childbirth 20