TINU TOMY - IMMUNOLOGY

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Psychoneuro immunology
Presented by Tinu Tomy
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DEFINITION

• Psychoneuroimmunology refers to the interaction
  among behavioral, neuroendocrine, and
  immunological processes of adaptation.

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Sources of infection
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Lymphatic system

• Lymphatic capillaries
• Vessels
• Nodes
• OTHER ORGANS INVOLVED
• Spleen
• Thymus gland
• Tonsils

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Immune system

• Immunity is the bodys resistance to injury
  from invading organism.

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Non specific immune system / innate

• Anatomical barriers
• Phagocytosis
• Anti microbial substances
• Inflammatory response

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Specific immunity / acquired
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Development of acquired immune systes
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Primary and secondary immune response
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Autoimmunity

• It is a condition characterized by a specific
  humoral or cell mediated immune response that
  attacks the bodys own tissues.
• Although cause is not fully known, researches
  have discovered that a viral or bacterial
  infection often precedes the onset of infection.

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Assessing immuno-competense

• Measuring the number of different kinds of cells
  in the immune system by looking at blood samples.
• Assessing the functioning of immune cells.
• Measuring the degree to which an individual
  produces antibodies to latent viruses.
• Assessing the antibody response to a vaccine.

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• IMMUNOCOMPETENSE A state in which immune
  system is working effectively.
• IMMUNOCOMPROMISE A state in which immune
  functioning is disrupted or reduced below normal
  level.

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Stress and immune system

• Intense short term stressors recruit cells that
  may help defend against wounds and infection.
• Acute stressors of several days duration
  upregulate immune functioning in ways likely to
  ward off threat posed by pathogens .
• Chronic stressors seem to affect most measures
  of immune functioning adversely, ultimately
  leaving the person vulnerable to diseases.

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Stress, endocrine system and immune system

• Sympathetic activation in response to stress has
  immediate effect in increasing immune activity.
• Stress related changes in HPA functioning .

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Stress and hippocampus

• Dendrites and pyramidal cells becomes shorter
  and show less branching.
• Rate of adult neurogenesis of granules cell is
  reduced.

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Stress and hippocampus- some findings

• The effect on hippocampus appear to mediated by
  stress induced increase in corticosteroids.
• Even a period of stress lasting only few seconds
  can induce structural changes.
• Natural stressors tend to produce more
  pathology.
• Effect of stress is greater in males

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Immune system enhancement

• Social support
• Optimism
• Self efficacy
• Emotional disclosure
• Relaxation

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Thank you