Franois O Gauthier, ing.

1
WWRF Toronto, November 2004
Convergence A Broadcasters Perspective

• François O Gauthier, ing.
• Senior Manager, Delivery Systems Spectrum
  Engineering
• Strategy Planning
• CBC Technology

2
Table of Content

• New Digital Broadcast Models and Concept
• Digital Broadcast Technologies
• Best Spectrum/Technology Efficiency
• Convergence Receivers and Applications
• Software defined receivers
• Conclusion

3
Models

• Old Model Analog Content, Single Delivery
  System, Dedicated Receiver
• New Model Digital (Multimedia) Content,
  Multiple Delivery Systems, Programmable
  Receivers, Memory Receivers

4
Program Elements
Audio, Video Web Sites
Services
The vast majority of content creation is done by
broadcasters
FM/RBDS, DRM, DAB, DARS, TV-VBI, DTV, DTH
Delivery Vehicles
Portable
Mobile
Fixed
5
Delivery Considerations

• Type of support medium of the program content
• Coverage reach or market (in terms of
  geographical location, population, demographic,
  type of access/receiving terminals, etc.)
• Distance between origination and destinations
• Configuration of the transport (i.e.
  point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, multicast,
  wide-area broadcast, satellite)
• Mode of communication (i.e. uni- or
  bi-directional, interactive, continuous/streaming
  or burst, real-time or non-real-time)
• Mode of access (e.g. Push or Pull)
• Delayed on demand listening, i.e. Radio/TV
  Anytime

6
Delivery Objectives

• Greatest Reach (Coverage, Penetration, Usage
  (Listening Hours))
• Universal Access
• Multiple Outlets
• Competitive
• Content production independent of the delivery
  media
• Automatic or predefined re-formatting delivery

7
Convergence Content and Multiple Delivery Networks
Content producers preparing their
program elements (audio, video, data and
reference) Will benefit from this architecture

• Digital Multimedia Content
• Common content
• Common IP based delivery platform
• Multiple networks
• Multiple terminals

8
Future Broadcast Radio/TV Anytime

• What does listeners want (90 of the time)?
• Top news stories
• Traffic, weather, news, sports
• Cinema listings, What to do in town, Shows, etc.
• Top 10 songs (radio), latest soap, tv shows or
  movies
• Personal Info / Transactions (email, banking,
  paging, etc.)
• Which device does he need?
• A multi purpose / multi services device (no need
  to know which network is feeding the device
  wireless, or broadcast)
• A lot of memory (inexpensive)
• An asymmetric two-way radio link (download will
  always be more important than uploads)
• A good battery

9
Radio/TV Anytime - The Program

• How do we deliver?
• Using a broadband digital broadcast channel, we
  multiplex a multitude of radio/tv programs (audio
  video data reference) based on our target
  audience
• Listeners select the program they want, when they
  want. The receivers delete old programs or drop
  programs according to the users profile
• Popular programs are delivered more often, so
  when someone turns on his receiver, the
  probability to receive the latest news in the
  next 60 seconds is 100

10
Example of Radio Anytime using DAB

• DAB Reference Channel Capacity
• 1.2 Mbps broadcast (1 or 1,000,000 listeners)
• Streaming Services (when listeners want to let
  the station choose)
• 2 X 96 kbps for bilingual news services
  (j-stereo) Radio One
• 2 X 160 for cultural services
• Bit rate available for service anytime 688
  kbps
• Store Forward Services (5 minute programs)
• voice 4.3 Mbits (14.4 kbps)
• music 13.2 Mbits (44 kbps)

• Considerations
• We download more voice than music programs (51
  data ratio)
• Each top clip is downloaded every minute
• clips downloaded per hour
• Top news 60 times
• Weather 60 times
• Traffic 60 times
• Top 60 songs each one once
• other voice clips 294 per hour
• other music clips 20 per hour
• Total of 2770 minutes of audio per hour (ratio
  461)

11
Digital Broadcast Technologies

• FM-RBDS
• DRM
• DAB
• DARS
• TV-VBI
• DTV
• Satellite DTH

12
FM-RBDS

• Radio Broadcast Data System
• Capacity 1187.5 bit/s
• Applications
• Program Associated Data (PAD)
• FM Control (Alternate Frequencies, etc)
• Paging
• Truck Fleet Management
• Text-based applications

13
DRM Digital Radio Mondiale

• Band Shortwaves 5-10 kHz
• Bit rate 32 to 64 kbit/s
• Operating Transmitter Sackville, N.B.
• Target Coverage Continental
• Typical applications
• Audio program (MPEG L4-AAC)
• PAD
• Datacasting 1-24 kbit/s

14
DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting

• Canadian Standard Eureka 147
• Bit Rate 1.2 to 1.5 Mbit/s
• Typical application
• 5 X MPEG L2 CD Quality Services (160-224 kbit/s)
• UDP/IP over DAB 64 to 384 kbit/s
• DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting)
• Video Audio
• Characteristics Very robust for mobile
  applications
• Deployment Montréal, Ottawa, Toronto and
  Vancouver 40 of Canadas population

15
DARS Sirius Characteristics

• Bandwidth 12.5 MHz (3 X 4.1 MHz)
• Band S-band (2.3 GHz)
• System 3 HEO satellites terrestrial repeaters
• Service
• More than 100 radio channels
• 60 music
• 40 voice
• Target Audience
• Prime Cars and mobile (boats, etc)
• Secondary Home

16
DARS Digital Audio Radio Satellite
17
Sirius - Constellation
18
Sirius Elevation Angles
19
TV-VBI

• VBI Vertical Blanking Interval
• Capacity Variable
• Applications
• Teletext
• Movie/Program Download to PVR
• Advantage existing analog TV is available
  everywhere

20
DTV Digital Television

• System ATSC
• Band same as TV (VHF UHF)
• Modulation 8-VSB
• Bit rate 19.4 Mbit/s per channel (50)
• Typical Applications
• HDTV 14-17 Mbit/s video MPEG-2 (1080i or 720p)
• SDTV 2-5 Mbit/s video
• Surround sound (Dolby AC-3)
• Datacasting extra capacity
• Characteristics for fixed reception only

21
DTV in Toronto January 2005
22
Satellite DTH

• DTH Direct to Home
• Providers in Canada Bell ExpressVu and
  Starchoice
• Applications
• Delivery of multiple TV stations (HD or SD)
• Datacasting DirectPC web browsing (with phone
  line)
• Radio services Galaxie other major radio
  stations
• Pay-per-view programs

23
Spectrum Efficiency

• Low frequencies are good for long-range coverage
• Subject to noise
• Impossible to implement a return link
• High frequencies are good for high capacity /
  high re-use of the spectrum
• Low building penetration
• Good for return link
• SPECTRUM IS NOT UNLIMITED NEED FOR SYNERGIES

24
Dilemma

• Applications are always a trade-off between
• Mobile vs fix reception
• Terminal characteristics (HDTV or cellphone)
• High bandwidth vs Low bandwidth
• Passivity / Pseudo-Interactivity / Interactivity
• Listening to radio / TV
• Using a PVR (Personal Video Recorder)
• On-line banking

25
Technology Efficiency

• During Spectrum 20/20 in Falls 2003
• Quote from someone in the wireless industry
  for the Vancouver Olympic of 2010, people will
  experience full motion video on the sky slope on
  their cell phone
• Broadcasters have been doing full motion video
  since the 50ies
• Broadcast bands / technologies are more effective
  for these applications
• Good opportunity for a convergence receiver

26
Convergence Receivers and Applications

• DAB
• DMB

27
Convergence Receivers and Applications

• DAB Veepod (www.radio-numerique.ca)
• Application
• Electronic signs
• News
• Advertisements
• Web
• Where
• Mobile or fix
• Need power outlet
• Extras
• Wi-fi

28
Softceiver - What is it? (lets dream)

• Wideband receiving antenna
• Ideally, receives from 60 to 2500 MHz
• Bandwidth selectable bandpass filter
• Versatile in frequency (60 to 2500 MHz) and
  bandwidth (TV 4.5 MHz, FM 0.2 MHz, DAB 1.5)
• High speed waveform digitizer
• Changes the incoming analog waveform into a
  digital representation
• Unlimited battery life

• High speed demodulator DSP
• Analyses the digital waveform and demodulates it
  (any modulation QPSK, 8-PSK, CDMA, GSM, COFDM,
  ATSC, etc.
• New modulation schemes may be downloaded as a
  patch
• High speed application decoder DSP
• Extracts audio / video / HTML from the data
  stream
• New applications may be downloaded as a patch
• User interface
• Speakers, monitor (HD), keyboard, voice
  recognition, etc.

29
Softceiver - Examples

• A satellite set-top box receives a new modulation
  scheme (from QPSK to 8-PSK) to increase its
  download capacity
• A new audio codec is available (MPEG 572?) and is
  downloaded to all receivers prior to the launch
  of the new service
• New user interface is sent for new on-line
  banking application

30
Softceiver Limitations

• Wideband antenna and all-band filter
• practically impossible, physical constraint
• High speed waveform digitizing
• very expensive, but coming cheaper
• Application decoder
• easy part high speed chipset are now cheaper and
  are software upgradable
• Device size
• Cannot fit HDTV on a cellphone
• Battery life
• Getting better

31
Conclusion

• The application is driving the technology, not
  the reverse
• A dentist will never listen to radio from his
  CDMA-1X connection
• Synergies are possible and desirable
• One of CBCs objective is to have its content
  present on as many platform as possible
• Users want it all and now
• Need to share bandwidth