Green Aviation Research

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Green Aviation Research Development Network

Hany Moustapha Directeur, Programme de
technologies Pratt Whitney Canada Executive
Director, GARDN May 2009
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OUTLINE

• Road Map
• Objectives
• Research Themes
• Governance
• Projects
• Growth

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GARDN Technology Funding Road Map
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IATA Warning
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ICAO Environmental Goals for Aviation
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The Aviation Industry is Committed to Action on
Climate Change
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CAETRM Committed Participants

• Bombardier Aerospace
• NRC - CNRC
• Air Canada
• OAC
• AQA
• Pratt Whitney Canada
• Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Inc.
• Rolls-Royce Ltd.
• CRIAQ
• Standard Aero
• Aero Montreal
• Industry Canada
• AIAC
• Messier-Dowty
• Transport Canada

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CAETRM Structure
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Airframe Concepts
cost estimates not provided
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Engine Concepts
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GARDN Objectives
Fostering the development of technologies that
will reduce aircraft noise and emissions in the
vicinity of airports Considering environmental
impacts throughout the product life cycle
Investing in the talents of our universities and
encouraging creativity in the development of
aviation environmental technologies Reducing
the production of greenhouse gases by the
aviation sector, and in so doing reducing the
carbon footprint of the Canadian aviation sector
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GARDN Eight Research Themes
Emissions
Noise
Icing
Aircraft Operations
Performance
Alternative Fuels
Product Life Cycle Management
Icing
Materials Manufacturing Processes
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Noise Reduction Technologies Geared Turbofan for
Bombardier C-Series
Munich International Airport Noise Footprints
Simulated microphone location
Simulated microphone location
X
X
Todays Aircraft
Geared Turbofan Powered Airplane
Source Wyle Labs
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Green Engine TechnologiesMaterials and
Manufacturing
Non-chlorinated solvents
Cadmium plate alternative
Lead-free antigallants
Chromium plate alternative
Non-chromium anodizing conversion coatings
New technologies partnered with Canadian industry
and universities
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Alternate Fuel Technologies
Sugar cane
Corn
Switchgrass
Ethanol
Cellulose
SyntheticJet Fuel
BiodieselBio-Jet
Butanol
Methanol
Willow
Liquidmethane
Others
Microalgae
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PWC-SDTC (2007-2011) Low Emission Demonstrator
(22M)

• Objectives
• 1. GHG NOx reduction
• 2. Demo focus TRL6
• Benefits
• Lower SFC
• Lower emission
• Durability
• Low cost
• Weight reduction
• Thermal management
• Partners
• NRC, Inco and UTIAS
• UTRC and HS

Demo Schematic using PW307
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Sherbrooke Univ. and PWC-BA-Bell Acoustics
NSERC Chair (2009-2013, 3.3M)
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GARDN Research Themes and First Round Nine
Projects (23M)
PWC Project 1 (M. Bissinger) Life-cycle
improvement - Materials of concern (Poly,
Integran, StandardAero) Project 2 (G. Girard)
Forced mixer and nozzle noise reduction
(McGill, Sherbrooke) Project 3 (S-A. Meslioui)
Noise reduction for transonic fans (McGill,
Poly) Project 4 (F. Lefebvre) Engine core
technologies to reduce emissions (Poly,
Concordia, Waterloo, Ryerson) Project 5 (Q-P.
Zheng) Altitude emissions control for
aviation (Waterloo, Warsaw Polytechnic) BA Project
1 (S. Banerjee) Environmentally-focused
regional aircraft (UTIAS, PWC) Project 2 (S.
Banerjee) Environmentally-focused long-range
business jet (UTIAS, PWC) Project 3 (M.
Huising) Airframe noise reduction (Waterloo,
Messier-Dowty, Aercoustics) CMC Project 1 (R.
Hygate) Continuous descent arrivals research
(ETS)
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Engine Core Technologies Compressor Demonstrator
Durability Items Nickel impeller Surge load
predictions
Performance Items Swept axial airfoils Tip
effect de-sensitization Enhanced compressor
surge line IBR rotors D hybrid diffuser
Weight Items Compact centrifugal stage
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Centrifugal Compressor Technology DemoCompact
Centrifugal Compressor Stage
Same compression with reduced overall length and
casing radius Maintains aerodynamic
efficiency State-of-the-Art optimization methods
and CFD utilized Significant improvement in
thrust-to-weight ratio
Compact Centrifugal Concept
Reduced Radius Diffuser
Reduced Length Impeller
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Centrifugal Compressor Technology Demo Advanced
Diffuser Technology
New patented D-Hybrid diffuser technology
developed at PWC to replace pipe
diffuser Reduced cost simpler
construction Improved Aerodynamic incidence at
diffuser entry Improved operability range with
state-of-the-art efficiency
Pipe Diffuser and Fishtail
D-Hybrid Diffuser
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Noise Reduction for Transonic Fan Demo

• Objectives
• Improved fan performance
• No impact on noise
• Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic modeling
• Advance 3D shapes
• Fan-Stator interaction
• Selection of fan-stator configurations for wind
  tunnel testing
• Wind tunnel testing
• Anechoic chamber
• Far field noise measurement
• Flexible fan rig
• Variable spacing
• Many stator configurations
• Fan case acoustic treatment optimization
• Modeling validation
• Test results to calibrate and validate the models
• Incorporate the tools into standard design
  practices

Separate Stator Arrangement
Full-Span Stator Arrangement
CFD analysis
Extract acoustic content from CFD analyses
Verify analysis results vs. far field noise test
data
Feed acoustic data into noise propagation tool
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Forced Mixer and Nozzle Noise Reduction

• Objective 1-2 dB reduction
• Characterization of the dominant noise features
• CFD analyses
• Develop a CAA methodology for far field noise
  prediction from turbulent subsonic jet
• Choose 10-15 promising mixer configurations
• Wind tunnel testing
• 10-15 scale models
• Phased array microphones (isolate mixer noise and
  shear layer noise)
• Jet flight effects on propagation
• Performance characterization
• Full scale static testing
• 3-4 full scale models
• Outdoor noise test with a full engine
• Far field noise signature
• Database for flight simulation

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Managing
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GARDN Management StructureGuiding Principles

• Respecting NCE guidelines
• Benchmarking other NCE (e.g. AUTO21)
• Building on existing consortia know-how and
  strengths (CRIAQ, SDTC, ISTC, etc.)
• Using industrys best practices in technology
  management
• Adopting a lean structure
• Ensuring industry leadership
• Leveraging the know-how and networks of CRIAQ
  and AIAC

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GARDN Management Structure
Board of Directors (14) Industry-Academic-Governme
nt 3 Meetings / year
Executive Directors F. Kafyeke (BA) H. Moustapha
(PWC)
Chairman C. Lajeunesse (AIAC)
Executive Committee (5) 6 Meetings / year
Network Manager CRIAQ (C. Trindade)
Research Committee CAEWG
GARDN Secretariat AIAC
Scientific Director TBD
Scientific Director CMC (R. Hygate)
Scientific Director PWC (S. Sampath)
Scientific Director BA (B. Pang)
Project 1
Project 4
Project 1
Project 1
Project 5
Project 2
Total budget 23.2M (4 years) (9
projects/18 partners for first round) Research
budget 20.7M (at 50) Admin budget
2.5M (at 75) (12 of total budget)
Project 2
Project 3
Project 3
Head Office AIAC, 60 Queen Street, Suite 1200,
Ottawa, ON
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GARDN Key Performance Indicators (KPI)

• Research Program
• Network researchers
• Number of projects
• Research budget
• TRL progression
• Highly Qualified People (HQP)
• Number of students and universities
• Number of theses (MS, Ph.D.), etc
• Knowledge and Technology Transfer
• Patent applications / Granted patents
• TRL-6 achievements
• Technical reports
• Partnerships, Networking International
  Relationships
• Number of partners (national international)
• SMEs outreach
• Governing Managing
• Achievements vs objectives
• Administration budget percentage

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Growing
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Lack of Tech. Demos and Funding for TRL 4 to 7
Valley of Death in Innovation Supply Chain
TRL 1
TRL 7
Tech. Platforms Demos
TRL 4
Research
TRL 9
Development
EDC CCC DFAIT IC

• BDC

IRAP SRED Tax Credit DIRP NRC/CANMET TPC/SADI Reg
ional Agencies

• SDTC
• BL-NCE
• and

Universities CFI NRC (IAR) NSERC Industrial
Research Chairs CRIAQ

• ?

Industrial and Regional Benefits..
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Technology Product Development in
Aeronautics Europe and Canada
Product Development
Research and Technology Acquisition
TRL 1
TRL 9
TRL 7
TRL 4
Fundamental Knowledge
Technology Development
Technology Validation
Prototypes
Demonstrators
Product Definition
Product Design Develolopment
Product Demonstration
Production
Level 1
NSERC (CRD IRC), ISTC CRIAQ
Level 2
EU One Program Canada 6-10 Programs No Demo
SDTC BL-NCE (GARDN)
Level 3
Tech. Demos No Funding
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GARDN Strategic Plan Linking to Canadian and
International Aerospace Environmental Initiatives
Canadian Aerospace Environmental Collaborative
Projects - Total Budget 70M (0.35 of Sales)
Environmental Roadmap Industry Canada-NRC-Industry
CAEWG GARDN Research Committee
CRIAQ (MDEIE/NSERC) Environmental themes 18
projects, 36 partners, 10.3M
PWC (SDTC) Low Emission Combustion 11 projects,
5 partners, 22M
9 projects, 18 partners, 23M
PWC (ISTC) Bio-fuels for Aviation 10 projects,
12 partners, 5.5M
PWC/Integran/Comtek (SDTC) Environmental
Advanced Materials
Acoustics Chair (NSERC) Sherbrooke / BA, Bell,
PWC 10 projects, 3 partners, 3.3M
BA/PWC (SDTC) BioFuels Aircraft Demo
FMP-SAGE Demo AIAC-Industry Canada
EUFP7
1.7 Billion Euro (1.8 of Sales)
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SDTC Advanced Materials ForReduced Engine
Emissions (AMREE)

• Research Areas
• Composites - Polymer-matrix composites for
  containment, CMC for static turbine and combustor
  parts, Bio-Fibres
• Nano Coatings - Hydrophobic, Wear-resistant
• Grain Boundary Engineered (GBE) Materials - GBE
  Nickel Alloy for containment
• High Temperature Coatings - Cathodic Arc
  oxidation-resistant coatings, ½K TBC, EBC for CMC
• Abradable Coatings - Erosion-resistant
• Ten Partners Integran, Comtek, Composite
  Innovation Centre, Goodrich, NRC, Universities
  Toronto, Ryerson, Ottawa, Concordia and Laval
• Total Budget 30M (2010-2014)
• PWC 11M Partners 8.5M SDTC 10.5M

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SDTC BioFuel Aircraft Demonstrator

• Objective
• Flight demonstration involving Porter Airlines /
  Bombardier Q400 / PWC PW150
• 2011 flight testing with Porter Airlines,
  Toronto ? Ottawa
• Blend of 3rd generation biojet fuel (Drop-in)
• Program led by Bombardier with strong PWC
  support
• Funding
• SDTC funding application due September 2009

BA Q400
Porter Airlines
Feedstock
PWC PW150
Refining Process
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FMP-SAGE Demo Technology Funding Road Map
2000-2006
2007-2008
2009
2010
(TRM) Technology Road Map
AIAC 2025 Vision Industry Canada TRM AIAC CAP -
CATN
AeroMontreal Forum White Paper
AIAC - FMP Technology Working Group
Projects
Industry Canada Working Groups (Composites-DPHM)
Industry Canada MDEIE
Funding
SAGE Demo
Execution
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AIAC-FMP Technology Demonstration Smart
Affordable Green Efficient SAGE
Four Vehicles Demos and Eight Technology Platforms
Two Vehicle Demos
Regional/ Commercial
Eco-Design
Helicopter
Business Jets
Product Development
Engines
Environment
Materials
Manufacturing
Two Transverse Systems Demos
Eight Technology Platforms
More Intelligent Systems
More Electric Systems
Systems
Avionics
Human PerformanceAugmentation
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AIAC-FMP, Final Report, May 2008
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Canadian Aerospace Collaborative Environmental
Initiatives
TRL 1
TRL 4
TRL 7
CRIAQ- MDEIE/NSERC Environmental themes 18
projects, 36 partners, 10.3M
2002
2004
CRIAQ/PWC - ISTC/MDEIE Bio-fuels for Aviation 10
projects, 12 partners, 5.5M
2006
PWC - SDTC Low Emission Combustion 11 projects,
5 partners, 22M
2008
Acoustics Chair - NSERC Sherbrooke / BA, Bell,
PWC 10 projects, 3 partners, 3.3M
BL-NCE 9 Projects 18 Partners 23M
2009
PWC/Integran/Comtek SDTC (Spring
2009) Environmental Advanced Materials BA/PWC
SDTC (Fall 2009) BioFuels Aircraft Demo
FMP-SAGE Demo Industry Canada MDEIE
(TBD) AIAC-CRIAQ-AeroMontreal
2010