BofA CEO Calls for Carbon Trading Term paper

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BofA CEO Calls for Carbon Trading
Term paper? BofA Calls for Cap-And-
Trade System to Regulate Carbon Emissions
February 12, 2008 0259 PM EST
NEW YORK (Associated Press) - Private investors
alone can't spur an environmentally friendly
"green economy," Bank of America Corp. chief
executive Ken Lewis said Tuesday, as he called on
Congress to create a cap-and-trade system to help
control carbon emissions. Such a cap-and-trade sy
stem would allow businesses to buy and sell
emissions credits _ selling extra allowances if
they come in under a carbon emission quota, and
buying them if exceed the cap. It was one of
several suggestions Lewis made to policy makers
in a speech at the Institute for Emerging Issues
forum, held at North Carolina State University in
Raleigh. "We favor a market based mechanism to se
t a value for carbon allowances, and a clear,
federal standard that would give investors the
certainty they need to plan for the future,"
Lewis said.
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Chapter 6 Fossils their implications for the
age of the Earth and in favor of catastrophism
Back up to the late 1700s (remember late 170
0s American revolution la
te 1800s automobiles invented)
Cuvier (French, late 1700s) Fossils and their
changes in stratigraphy suggested that large gro
ups of creatures were wiped out on occasion
by global catastrophe. What Lyell was for Unif
ormitarianism, Cuvier was for Catastrophism.
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Lots of people hated the messy idea of
catastrophes Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark in pa
rt to show that the old animals still could be
found (wrong!), and also to help show Buffon was
wrong about America. Wm Smith (1800, canal and
mining engineer remember him?) figured out the
layering of strata in England.
He used fossils to recognize the different lay
ers in different places, like down in mines or in
canal cuts. Although his work figured out the
sedimentary layering (uniformitarian), it showed
the sudden changes in fossils (catastrophes),
like Cuvier.
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Dinosaur bones were being found, but much
confusion. First one got lost! Buffon and his
nutty ideas about degeneracy of new world fauna.
Note the messed up reconstruction of mammoth.
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Mary Anning (1799-1847) Note the cliffs and th
e rock hammer
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In the summer we can rent a cottage in the Isle
of Wight if its not too dear --Lennon
McCartney
Lyme Regis
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Sorting out the Dinosaurs over the 1800s.
Early 1800s, Mary Anning started getting the
layout of the body structure correct by careful
excavation. (Lyme Regis is located toward the l
ate end of the layer sequence in England
in Jurassic zone, named after Jura Mountains in
France. Plenty of dinosaurs at that time. Di
nosaurs ended with the Cretaceous period,
named after the white chalk rock further east
than Lyme Regis) Tourist market cement works
interesting stratum brilliant person
Mantell begins systematic analysis of fossils.
Our wacky friend Rev. Buckland is also a major p
layer.
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Richard Owen what a creep! The stories!
Head of the dead sailor. Lying on his resume
Screwing his competitors Destroying Mantells re
p and career after suicide,
he got Mantells spine! Did come up with idea o
f public museum, as head o
f Brit Mus of Nat history
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Similar stories of the crazy competition among
dinosaur hunters in America Marsh and Cope (eve
n having rock fights!)

Edward Cope
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Oldest mounted dinosaur (from NJ) in Phila Museu
m
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Most of the characters in this story died near
end of 1800s (remember, about the time that
autos and planes were being invented)
What they found Lots of fossils Lots of ext
inctions Lots of change So Earth is very old (
way over 100 million years) (A mi
llion has 6 zeros, so 100 million has 8 zeros
100,000,000 or 1 x 108 years)
That is the age from stratigraphy. Disagree
s with heat calculations (way under 100 million
years)
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By the end of the 1800s, cars and planes were
being invented, but geologists were basically
clueless about what was going on
Mismatch in ages from stratigraphy vs. heat calc
ulations Uniformitarianism was in favor, but Ca
tastrophism was a better way to explain some
important things. Heres what they were missi
ng (later chapters) Radioactivity -- heating
Global plate tectonics Extraterrestrial
impacts