October 31st / November 1st Session 7 - Agenda

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October 31st / November 1st Session 7 - Agenda

• Time Activity
• 630 Announcements
• Reading Assignment 3
• (posted on the website)
• 640 Lecture
• Review of Unsafe to Teach
• Chapter Three
• 735 Break
• 750 Seminars
• 900 End of Class

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Ch. Three Contemporary Sociological Approaches
to Schooling

• Changing Contexts for Schooling
• Context - the setting/circumstances
• Daniel Bell (1973) The Coming of Post-Industrial
  Society
• Accurately predicted many of the changes we see
  today
• Changes in the economic dynamics of the world
  the economy
• Third great revolution (late 20th Century)
  Post-Industrial Revolution
• Change in human activity
• Agricultural to manufacturing to human
  professional services (communications, finance,
  government, sales)

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Post-Industrial Revolution

• Canadians working in the service sector
• 1800s - 33 (1/3)
• 2000s - 90 (9/10)
• Today about 1 work in agriculture and less than
  15 work in manufacturing.
• See Table 3.1 - page 27 of text

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Table 3.1 Percentage Distribution of Canadian
Economic Activity by Sector and Period
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Daniel Bell (1973) The Coming of
Post-Industrial Society

• Impact on job quality - a new type of work
• Theoretical knowledge more central
• Increasing importance of innovation, research
  development, and smart technologies
• The computer the motive force behind vast
  socio-economic changes
• Since 1970s our lives have been transformed by
  information and communication technology!
• Cell phones, smart cars, robotics, etc..

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Information/Knowledge Society

• Knowledge is now the key source of economic
  growth and value-added activity in modern society
  and defines the societal type the knowledge
  society. (Nico Stehr, 2001)
• Knowledge Research Development (Universities)
  the driving force of Modern Economies
• U. of T. - Insulin
• U. of W. - the Blackberry
• U. of B.C. - WebCt

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Politicians strong proponents of a link between
education, knowledge and the economy.

• Liberals
• Regan Endorses Call to Protect Canada Millennium
  Scholarship Foundation July 25, 2006
• Conservatives Throne speech ( Apr. 2006)
• Over the course of its mandate, and starting
  with the clear priorities set out today, the
  Government will work diligently to build a record
  of results. It will promote a more competitive,
  more productive Canadian economy. It will seek to
  improve opportunity for all Canadians, including
  Aboriginal peoples and new immigrants.

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Politicians strong proponents of a link between
education, knowledge and the economy.

• New Democratic Party (July 2006)
• Federal government can start restoring fiscal
  balance by reinvesting in post-secondary
  education.
• Green Party (2006 Platform)
• For the last twenty years, federal government
  policies have increasingly turned post-secondary
  education into a privilege. In response, college
  and university students have marched in the
  streets and launched campaigns calling for
  quality, accessible education. Student demands
  have been heard by Canadians who see education as
  a top priority.

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Politicians strong proponents of a link between
education, knowledge and the economy.

• Bock Quebecois (Platform 2006)
• Demanding a raise in federal transfers for
  post-secondary education (College and University)
  and social programs of 2.75 billion dollars
  over three years for Quebec.
• Ontario Government has two educational
  ministries
• Ministry of Education
• Ministry of Training, Colleges Universities
• Especially with increasing global competition,
  policy-makers have been quick to point to
  education - to knowledge production and
  dissemination - as critical to national success.
  (Davies Guppy, 2006)

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Information/Knowledge Society

• Increased requirements for people to think on
  the job
• More autonomy, complexity, and dexterity
• Need to recognize where, when and how to apply
  relevant knowledge
• Ever-higher levels of schooling have led to
  increasingly high earnings for more educated
  individuals
• Current Salary grid for
• ETF0 - Toronto Min. 44,532 - Max.(A4) 81,518
  
• ETFO - Ont. North East Min. 45,763 - Max.
  (A4) 81,726

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Cultural Demographic Shifts

• Continued decline of religious authority
• Early University charters to institutions with
  strong religious ties (Dalhousie, McMaster,
  Queens)
• More recently (Wilfred Laurier, Laurentian)
• Canadian education was founded by early
  missionaries
• Récollets Jesuits - to educate one in the
  Godly ways of the world

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Récollets

• a French branch of the Roman Catholic order, the
  Franciscans
• first established in France about 1570.
• According to one historian, "Recollection-houses
  are, strictly speaking, those monasteries to
  which friars desirous of devoting themselves to
  prayer and penance can withdraw to consecrate
  their lives to spiritual recollection".
• The order was suppressed during the French
  Revolution

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Récollets

• The Récollets were important as missionaries to
  the French Colonies in Canada, although they were
  displaced there by the Jesuits.
• The first Récollet missionaries arrived at Quebec
  City, from Rouen on June 2, 1615.
• The Récollet fathers are said to have brewed the
  first beer in New France in 1620.
• They left New France in 1629 but returned in
  1670.
• After the British conquest, the order was
  prohibited from recruiting new members.
• The last Canadian Récollet Brother Louis died in
  1848 at Quebec City.

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Jesuits

• The Society of Jesus, founded in 1540, is a
  Christian religious order of the Catholic Church,
  in direct service to the Pope.
• Its members, known as Jesuits since the
  Protestant Reformation, have been called
  "Soldiers of Christ", first, and "Foot soldiers
  of the Pope", second, in part because the
  Society's founder, Saint Ignatius of Loyola, was
  a soldier before he became a priest.
• Its specific mandate was to go anywhere in the
  world to serve the people of God in the Roman
  Catholic tradition, with a special loyalty to the
  Bishop of Rome, the Pope.

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Jesuits

• the first Jesuits, set foot in what is now
  Canada, at Port Royal, 22 May 1611.
• These "Blackrobes", as they soon came to be
  called, immediately began to reach out to the
  indigenous peoples in the vast new land.

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Religious decline

• Census information
• 1971 - less 1 report no religion
• 2001 - 16 report no religion
• Sunday schools once provided the moral compass
  for young people - far less of a role today!
• Rituals of praying before meals or before going
  to bed less common today.
• Lords prayer and religious classes removed from
  public schools in Ontario

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Policy/Program Memorandum No. 108
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Amendments to Regulation 262

• The following points summarize the content of the
  new section 4
• All public elementary and secondary schools in
  Ontario must be opened or closed each day with
  the national anthem. "God Save the Queen" may be
  included.
• The inclusion of any content beyond "0 Canada" in
  opening or closing exercises is to be optional
  for public school boards.

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Amendments to Regulation 262

• 3. Where public school boards resolve to include,
  in the opening or closing exercises in their
  schools, anything in addition to the content set
  out in item 1 above, it must be composed of
  either or both of the following
• one or more readings that impart social, moral,
  or spiritual values and that are representative
  of our multicultural society. Readings may be
  chosen from both scriptural writings, including
  prayers, and secular writings
• a period of silence.
• 4. Parents who object to part or all of the
  exercises may apply to the principal to have
  their children exempted. Pupils who are adults
  may also exercise such a right.

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Cultural Impact

• Cultural underpinnings of modern society have
  changed
• Culture
• peoples taken-for-granted social conventions
• Principles of action
• Habits of speech and gestures
• Recipes or scenarios about how to act
• Cultural tool kit
• A set of guidelines or social rules