The Vector Class

1
The Vector Class
2
Vector Class

• Write a Vector class. This will be a container
  class that will hold objects. It should allow the
  following operations
• add Add an object to the end of the Vector
• find Determine if an object is in the Vector
• get Get a certain element (by number) from the
• Vector
• insert Insert a new element into a certain
  position
• delete Delete a certain element from the Vector
• size Returns size of Vector

3
Typical Operation

• Vector v
• v new Vector()
• v.add(Larry)
• v.add(Moe)
• v.add(Curly)
• System.out.println
• (v.find(Ned))
• System.out.println
• (v.get(1))
• v.insert(Shemp, 1)
• v.delete(2)
• for
• (int i0iltv.size()i)
• System.out.println
• (v.get(i))

• false
• Moe
• Larry
• Shemp
• Curly

4
Design

• Implementation will be easily accomplished with a
  linked list.
• We'll assume we have available an LLNode which
  holds objects and has get/setData and get/setNext
  methods.
• We'll start with the basic shell and the fields
  we'll need

5
LLNode

• class LLNode
• private Object data
• private LLNode next
• public LLNode(Object o)
• setData(o)
• setNext(null)
• public void setData(Object o)
• data o
• public Object getData()
• return data

6
LLNode

• // class LLNode (continued)
• public void setNext(LLNode n)
• next n
• public LLNode getNext()
• return next
• // LLNode

7
Things to notice

• As you get used to any language you will learn a
  basic shell or template from which to start
  programs.
• Creating and using such a shell will sometimes
  aid in getting started
• Its also a good place to include things that you
  always forget (e.g. closing braces)

8
Basics

• public class Vector
• private LLNode head
• private int count
• / -------------------------------------------
  /
• / Basic constructor.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt None.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt Vector
  instantiated
• with size set to zero.
• /
• public Vector()
• setHead(null)
• count 0

9
Basics

• / Sets head reference.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Instantiation.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt head reference
  set
• to newhead
• _at_param newhead New head reference
• /
• private void setHead(LLNode newhead)
• head newhead

10
Basics

• / Returns head reference.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Instantiation.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt No change to
  Vector
• _at_return Head reference
• /
• private LLNode getHead()
• return head

11
Things to Notice

• Make the documentation work for you as opposed to
  being just a dumb requirement that you do after
  the real work is done.
• Create the documentation in the form of Javadocs
• Create this documentation in a working i.e.
  compilable template
• As each method is written compile and test!

12
Design by Contract

• / Adds an object to the end of the Vector.
• Precondition Vector has been
  instantiated.
• Postcondition The last item in the
  Vector
• will be the item added and the Vector
  will be
• one element longer.
• _at_param o The object to be added.
• /
• public void add(Object o)
• // add

13
Design by Contract

• / Finds the location of an object in the
  Vector.
• Precondition Vector has been
  instantiated.
• Postcondition The Vector will be
  unchanged.
• _at_param o The object to be located. Note
  The
• target object must return true when
  tested
• with o.equals(target)
• _at_return An value indicating the location
  of
• the item. The first element is numbered
  0. A
• -1 indicates element not found.
• /
• public int find(Object o)
• return 0
• // find

14
Design by Contract

• / Gets the n-th element of the Vector and
• returns it.
• Precondition Vector has been
  instantiated
• and should have at least n1 elements.
• Postcondition The Vector will be
  unchanged.
• _at_param n The number of the object to be
• located. Note The first object in the
  Vector
• is numbered 0.
• _at_return The desired object. If the Vector
  is
• not at least n1 elements long null will
  be
• returned.
• /
• public Object get(int i)
• return null
• // get

15
Design by Contract

• / Inserts an object into the Vector at the
• specified position. If the Vector is not
  long
• enough acts like add.
• _at_see add
• ltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
• instantiated.
• ltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The Vector will
  have one
• additional element. It will either be in
• position specified or in the last element
  in
• the Vector (whichever is smaller).
• _at_param o The object to be inserted.
• _at_param n The position into which the
  object is
• to be inserted. Note The first object in
  the
• Vector is numbered 0.
• /
• public void insert(Object o, int i)
• // insert

16
Design by Contract

• / Deletes the n-th element of the Vector.
• Precondition Vector has been
  instantiated
• and the n-th element is present.
• Postcondition The Vector will have the
  n-th
• element deleted unless the original
  Vector
• was not long enough to have the n-th
  element.
• _at_param n The number of the object to be
• deleted. Note The first object in the
  Vector
• is numbered 0.
• /
• public void delete(int n)
• // delete

17
Design by Contract

• / Returns the size of the Vector.
• Precondition Vector has been
  instantiated.
• Postcondition Vector will be unchanged.
• _at_return Size of the Vector.
• /
• public int size()
• return 0
• // delete
• // Vector

18
Things to Notice

• Now we go back in a code incrementally
• Write a method
• Add some code to the test main to test it
• TEST IT

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• / Adds an object to the end of the Vector.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
• instantiated.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The last item in
  the
• Vector will be the item added and the
  Vector
• will be one element longer.
• _at_param o The object to be added.
• /
• public void add(Object o)
• if(getHead() null)
• setHead(new LLNode(o))
• count
• else
• add(getHead(), o)
• // add

Typical error...had o instead of new LLNode(o)
20

• / Add helper. Called by add. Adds an object
  to
• the end of the Vector.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
• instantiated.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The last item
  in the
• Vector will be the item added and the
  Vector
• will be one element longer.
• _at_param current Current head of list
• 
  (recursive).
• _at_param o The object to be added. /
• private void add(LLNode current, Object o)
• if(current.getNext() null)
• current.setNext(new LLNode(o))
• count
• else
• add(current.getNext(), o)
• // add helper

21

• / Finds the location of an object in the
  Vector.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
• instantiated.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The Vector will
  be
• unchanged.
• _at_param o The object to be located. Note
  The
• target object must return true when
  tested
• with o.equals(target)
• _at_return An value indicating the location
  of
• the item. The first element is numbered
  0. A
• -1 indicates element not found. /
• public int find(Object o)
• if(getHead() null)
• return -1
• else
• return find(getHead(), o, 0)
• // find

22

• / -------------------------------------------
  --/
• / find helper
  /
• / -------------------------------------------
  --/
• private int find(LLNode current, Object o,
  int k)
• if(current.getData().equals(o))
• return k
• else if(current.getNext() null)
• return -1
• else
• return find(current.getNext(), o,
  k1)
• // find helper

23

• / Gets the nth element of the Vector and
  returns it.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
• instantiated and should have at least n1
  elements.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The Vector will be
  unchanged.
• _at_param n The number of the object to be
  located. Note The first object in the Vector is
  numbered 0.
• _at_return The desired object. If the Vector is
  not at least n1 elements long null will be
  returned. /
• public Object get(int i)
• if(getHead() null)
• return null
• else
• return get(getHead(), i, 0)
• // get

24

• / -------------------------------------------
  --/
• / get helper
• / -------------------------------------------
  --/
• private Object get(LLNode current, int i, int
  k)
• if(i k)
• return current.getData()
• else if(current.getNext() null)
• return null
• else
• return get(current.getNext(), i,
  k1)
• // get helper

25

• / Inserts an object into the Vector at the
  specified position. If the Vector is not long
  enough acts like add.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
  instantiated.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The Vector will have
  one
• additional element. It will either be in
  position specified or in the last element in the
  Vector (whichever is smaller).
• _at_param o The object to be inserted.
• _at_param n The position into which the object is
• to be inserted. Note The first object in the
  Vector is numbered 0. /

26

• public void insert(Object o, int i)
• if((getHead() null) (i 0))
• LLNode temp new LLNode(o)
• temp.setNext(getHead())
• setHead(temp)
• count
• else
• insert(getHead(), o, i, 1)
• // insert

27

• / -------------------------------------------
  --/
• / insert helper
• / -------------------------------------------
  --/
• private void insert(LLNode current, Object o,
• int i, int k)
• if((current.getNext() null) (i
  k))
• LLNode temp new LLNode(o)
• temp.setNext(current.getNext())
• current.setNext(temp)
• count
• else
• insert(current.getNext(), o, i, k1)
• // insert helper

28

• / Deletes the n-th element of the Vector.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
• instantiated and the n-th element is
  present.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The Vector will
• have the n-th element deleted unless the
• original Vector was not long enough to
  have
• the n-th element.
• _at_param n The number of the object to be
• deleted. Note The first object in the
  Vector
• is numbered 0. /

29

• public void delete(int n)
• / Check to make sure element to be
  deleted
• is in Vector /
• if(n lt size() n gt 0)
• if(n 0)
• setHead(getHead().getNext())
• count--
• else
• delete(getHead(), n, 1)
• // delete

30

• / Delete helper. Deletes the n-th element
  of
• the Vector.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
• instantiated.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt The Vector will
• have the n-th element deleted.
• _at_param current Head of current list
• (recursive).
• _at_param n The number of the object to be
• deleted. Note The first object in the
  Vector
• is numbered 0.
• _at_param k Current count.
• /

Note Javadocs do not by default include private
items. However this can be overridden so two
versions of Javadocs could be produced one for
internal and one for external use
31

• private void delete(LLNode current, int n,
  int k)
• if(n k)
• current.setNext(current.getNext().getNext
  ())
• count--
• else
• delete(current.getNext(), n, k1)
• // delete helper

32

• / Returns the size of the Vector.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/Bgt Vector has been
  
• instantiated.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/Bgt Vector will be
• unchanged.
• _at_return Size of the Vector. /
• public int size()
• return count
• // size

33

• / Convert vector into string listing.
• ltBRgtltBgtPreconditionlt/BgtInstantiation.
• ltBRgtltBgtPostconditionlt/BgtNo change to
  Vector.
• _at_return Representation of Vector as list.
• /
• public String toString()
• String retVal ""
• for(int i0 i lt size() i)
• retVal get(i) "\n"
• return retVal

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• / Test main. /
• public static void main(String args)
• Vector v new Vector()
• System.out.println("Should be -1 "
• 
  v.find("Test"))
• v.add("Test")
• v.add("Test2")
• System.out.println("Should be 0 "
• 
  v.find("Test"))
• System.out.println("Should be 1 "
• 
  v.find("Test2"))
• System.out.println("Should be -1 "
• 
  v.find("Missing"))

35

• / Test main. /
• / Test get /
• System.out.println("Should be Test "
• 
  v.get(0))
• System.out.println("Should be Test2 "
• 
  v.get(1))
• if(v.get(2) null)
• System.out.println("Passed get 2
  test")
• else
• System.out.println("Failed get 2
  test")

36

• / Test main. /
• / insert test /
• v.insert("NewHead", 0)
• v.insert("NewOne", 1)
• System.out.println("Start Traversal")
• System.out.println(v)
• System.out.println("End Traversal")
• System.out.println("Size " v.size())

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• / delete test /
• v new Vector()
• v.add("Zero")
• v.add("One")
• v.add("Two")
• v.add("Three")
• v.add("Four")
• v.add("Five")
• System.out.println("Starting
  vector\n"v)
• v.delete(0)
• System.out.println("Deleted first\n"v)
• v.delete(4)
• System.out.println("Deleted last\n"v)
• v.delete(-v.size())
• v.delete(v.size())
• System.out.println("Should be no
  change\n"v)
• v.delete(1)
• System.out.println("Two should be
  gone\n" v)
• // main

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