National Stroke Association

1
Understanding Stroke _ Its A State of
Mind!
2
Be Stroke Smart
The 3 Rs of Stroke
Reduce Stroke Risk
Recognize Stroke Symptoms
Respond Call 911 When warning signs occur
Stroke is the MOST preventable of
all catastrophic medical conditions
3
Definition of Stroke

• Sudden brain damage
• Lack of blood flow to the brain caused by a clot
  or rupture of a blood vessel

• Ischemic
• - Most common

• Hemorrhagic
• - Bleeding around brain
• - Bleeding into brain

4
Prominent PeopleWho Had Strokes

• Sharon Stone
• Luther Van Dross
• Mary Kay Ash
• Kirk Douglas
• Roy Horn Seigfried Roy

• President Gerald Ford
• Robert Guillaume
• Della Reese
• Charles Schultz
• Ted Williams

5
Stroke Facts in America

• Third leading cause of death in the United States
• 750,000 Americans suffer strokes each year
• 160,000 deaths each year
• 4,000,000 stroke survivors

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Stroke Facts in America

• A leading cause of adult disability
• Up to 80 of 600,000 strokes are preventable
• Every 45 seconds, someone suffers a stroke
• Twice as many women die from stroke every year
  than from breast cancer

7
African Americans Stroke

• Incidence is nearly double that of white
  Americans
• Suffer more extensive physical impairments
• Twice as likely to die from stroke
• High incidence of risk factors for stroke
• Hypertension
• Diabetes
• Obesity
• Smoking
• Sickle cell anemia

8
Women Stroke

• Stroke kills more than twice as many American
  women every year as breast cancer
• More women than men die from stroke
• Women over age 30 who smoke and take
  high-estrogen oral contraceptives have a stroke
  risk 22 times higher than average

9
Stroke Symptoms
Sever headache
Sudden confusion Trouble speaking
Trouble seeing In one or both eyes
Sudden numbness
Sudden dizziness
If you see someone having any of these
symptoms Call 911 every minute counts
10
TIA or Mini-Stroke

• Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are a warning
  sign of stroke
• Symptoms of TIAs are the same as for stroke
• Symptoms resolve within minutes to hours
• Over 1/3 all persons who experience TIA will go
  on to have a full stroke

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The Perceptions of Stroke

• MYTH
• Stroke is not preventable
• Stroke cannot be treated
• Stroke only strikes the elderly
• Stroke happens in the heart
• Stroke recovery ends after 6 months

• REALITY
• Up to 80 percent of strokes are preventable
• Stroke requires emergency treatment
• Anyone can have a stroke
• Stroke is a Brain Attack
• Stroke recovery
• can last a lifetime

12
The Cost of Stroke
53.6 Billion Annually
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Up to 80 of strokes are preventable!

• NSA developed these guidelines to help people
  reduce their risk for stroke

14
NSAs Stroke Prevention Guidelines

• Know your blood pressure. Have it checked at
  least annually. If it is elevated, work with
  your doctor to control it.
• Find out if you have atrial fibrillation, a type
  of irregular heart beat.
• If you smoke, stop.

15
NSAs Stroke Prevention Guidelines(continued)

• 4. If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation.
• 5. If you have high cholesterol, work with your
  doctor to control it.
• 6. If you are diabetic, follow your doctors
  recommendations carefully to control your
  diabetes.

16
NSAs Stroke Prevention Guidelines(continued)

• 7. Include exercise in the activities you enjoy
  in your daily routine
• Enjoy a lower sodium (salt), lower fat diet
• Work with your doctor if you have circulation
  problems
• 10. If you experience any stroke symptoms, seek
  immediate medical attention. Call 911.

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Reasons Patients Dont Seek Immediate Treatment

• Dont recognize symptoms
• Dont want fears confirmed denial
• Think nothing can be done not an emergency
• Worried about cost
• Think symptoms will disappear
• Fear of hospitals

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Acute Stroke Treatment

• Clot Busters
• T-PA
• First FDA-approved stroke treatment
• Brain Protectors
• Neuroprotectants
• Neuroprotectants are still in clinical trial in
  the research and development phase

19
Percentage of Patients Returning to work after
Stroke
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Stroke Recovery

• 10 of stroke survivors recover almost completely
• 25 recover with minor impairments
• 40 experience moderate to severe impairments
  requiring special care
• 10 require care in a skilled care or other
  long-term care facility
• 15 die shortly after the stroke

21
Types of Stroke Rehabilitation

• Physical Therapy (PT)
• Walking, range of movement
• Occupational Therapy (OT)
• Taking care of ones self
• Speech Language
• Therapy
• Communication skill, swallowing, cognition
• Recreational Therapy
• Cooking, gardening etc.

22
Life at Home for Stroke Survivors and Family

• Behavior
• Depression Anger
• Emotional Liability
• One-sided Neglect
• Memory Loss
• Communication Problems

23
Life at Home for StrokeSurvivors and Family

• Daily living skills
• Dressing and grooming
• Diet, nutrition and eating difficulties
• Skin care problems
• Pain
• Sexuality/Intimacy

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Recovery Services

• Rehabilitation Unit in the Hospital
• In-patient Rehabilitation Facility
• Home Bound Therapy
• Home with Outpatient Therapy
• Long-term Care Facility
• Community-based Programs

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Reduce the Impact of Stroke

• Stroke is a Brain Attack!
• Preventable and treatable
• 3 Rs of Stroke
• Reduce Risk
• Recognize Stroke Symptoms
• Respond immediately by calling 911

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National Stroke Association

• Reducing the Incidence and Impact of Stroke
• Prevention and Public Education
• Professional Education and Training
• Advancing Stroke Research
• Resource for Stroke Survivors and Caregivers

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NSA Materials
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National Stroke Association

• Toll free information
• 1-800-STROKES (787-6537)
• Comprehensive web site
• www.stroke.org