Aging Applications of Human Motion and Activity Detection

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Aging Applications of Human Motion and Activity
Detection

• Sara Honn Qualls, Ph.D.
• Director, Gerontology Center

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Source The Sex and Age Distribution of the World
Populations 1998 Revision, Volume II Sex and
Age (United Nations publication, Sales No.
E.99.XIII.8), medium variant projections. Figure
1. Population pyramids age and sex distribution,
2000 and 2050.
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Figure 2 Three Centuries of World Population
Ageing
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Figure 5 Proportion of Total Population Aged
0-14 and 60 and Over.More and Less Developed
Regions, 1950-2050. (Medium Variant Projections)
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Figure 4 Median Age by Region, 1999-2050
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Goal Successful Aging
Avoiding Disease
Successful Aging
Engaging with life
Maintaining cognitive and physical function
McArthur Foundation study Rowe Kahn
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Aging brings illness risk

• Probability of chronic illness increases with age
  (and varies by social class)
• 80 of older people in community have at least
  one chronic disease
• Lower social class is associated with earlier
  onset of most chronic illnesses

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• Common Chronic Diseases (65)
• Arthritis -gt 50
• Hypertension -gt 38
• Hearing impairments -gt 28
• Heart Disease -gt 28
• Mental disorders -gt 20
• Common causes of death
• heart disease
• cancer
• stroke

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Motion Detection Applications

• Rehabilitation Visual feedback of movement to
  aid in self-correction
• Speech therapy
• Stroke recovery walking therapy
• Physical therapy for posture
• Purpose Provide real time motion tracking of
  movement to compare with movement goal

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Illness vs. functional health

• Functional disability increases with age
• Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)
• Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)

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Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

• Mobility
• Bathing and hygiene
• Transfers
• Toileting
• Dressing
• Feeding self

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Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)

• Shopping
• Cooking
• Housekeeping
• Finances
• Transportation
• Medication Management

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Cognitive Impairment

• 5-6 of persons age 65
• Risk doubles every 5 years
• gt 85, 35-50 have significant CI

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Lifespan Trajectory
Pragmatics
Mechanics
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Cognitive Impairments Impact

• Executive Function time, sequencing, impulse
  control
• Problem-solving
• Memory
• Language expressive/receptive/processing
• Attention

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Presentation of Clinical Levels of CI

• Frustration
• Anger
• Slow responses
• Personality changes
• Memory
• Difficulty with complex tasks
• Inappropriate responding
• Reduced rate of behavior (lack of initiation)

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Motion Detection Applications

• Prompting self-care activities
• Medication management prompt pill taking and
  monitor actual ingestion
• b) Model actions visually, synchronous in time
  with the target persons efforts to prompt
  step-by-step actions needed in complex sequences

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Motion Detection Applications

• Monitoring Safety
• Tracking location
• GPS locators map resident location onto
  computerized blueprint of a facility
• Tracking and prompting while on neighborhood
  walks or drives
• Tracking falls
• Movement from bed -gt floor
• Unusual movement from chair

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Motion Detection Applications

• 4) Redirecting or distracting from inappropriate
  movement by cognitively impaired person
• When entering another residents room or exiting
  building
• Offering reassurance to agitated person

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Motion Detection Applications

• 5) Collaborative cognition
• Multiple individuals working together often
  notice each others errors and offer corrective
  advice
• Back-Seat Driving
• b) Motion sensing devices could offer corrective
  feedback on complex tasks
• Driving lane changes or tailgaiting
• Shopping

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Age-related Changes in Emotion

• 1. Age impairs detection of negative emotion in
  others
• a. Deficits in detecting anger and fear
• b. Maintained ability to detect happy
• Age blunts intensity of emotional experience

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Age-related Changes in Emotion

• Social relationships are selected for emotion
  regulation benefits more than for information or
  exploration
• Elderly persons are more vulnerable to fraud and
  exploitation due to
• Cognitive decline impairs reason
• Emotion function of brain loses acuity

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Motion Detection Applications

• Monitoring emotion in elders
• Those with potential for dangerous behavior
• Those who show only subtle emotion signals of
  their inner experience
• Assisting elders with monitoring and interpreting
  emotional cues (e.g., in important legal and
  financial interpersonal conversations or family
  interactions)

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Resources

• Networking organization Center for Aging
  Services Technologies - www.agingtech.org
• Private company product for monitoring activity
  patterns www.quietcare.com
• CU center for adaptive technology for persons
  with disability www.uchsc.edu/atp/

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