Service Opportunities From UPT and ENUM to UCI

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Service Opportunities From UPT and ENUM to UCI ?

• ECMA TG17 June 2001
• Richard STASTNY
• ÖFEG, Postfach 147, 1103-Wien
• Tel [phone]Fax [phone]E-Mail
  richard.stastny_at_oefeg.atrichard_at_stastny.com

ÖFEG
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Contents

• How can we migrate to UCI ?
• Three Ingredients needed
• IP Telephony
• UPT according to ITU-T F.852
• ENUM
• Comparison of UPT and ENUM
• Conclusion on how to migrate to UCI

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Definitions

• Three basic entities required to establish a
  telecommunication
• Identification of the user to the service
  provider (e.g. UserID, IMSI, ...) - provides
  mobility
• (Network) Address (e.g. IP-address) mapped to the
  current user terminal
• used for routing - not portable
• Name (currently related to service) -
  alphanumeric string
• mapped to the current address of terminal where
  the user has identified himself
• for the convenience of the calling party
• portability is depending on service
• A Name resolution is required to find the address
• So what is a Number ?
• numeric string
• It may be an identification, name or address

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What is a Phone Number ?

• Phone numbers
• are used for identification, addressing and
  naming
• there are private, local and national numbering
  and dialing plans
• E.164 number - a globally unique numbering plan
  (there is no global dialing plan)
• E.164 numbers started as addresses (in analog
  systems)
• Number portability, service numbers and other
  IN-Services use E.164names
• E.164addresses still used for routing (routing
  numbers)
• E.164names used by calling party
• E.164 numbers identify terminals, user, services,
  routing, etc.
• This mixture is one reason of the current problem
  with numbers

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IP Telephony

• IP Telephony (VoIP, Internet Telephony)
• Voice Communication via IP-based networks
• Protocols H.323, SIP,
• Terminals PC, Terminal adaptors, IP-Phones, ...
• Basic Scenarios
• PC-to-PC
• No interworking with the SCN (phone) network
• Naming used Internet names user_at_domain,
  proprietary,
• PC-to-Phone, Phone-to-Phone
• Interworking with SCN via gateways
• Naming used E.164
• Phone-to-PC
• PC needs a phone number ? extension of E.164 to
  IP Telephony

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Phone-to-PC IP Telephony

• ETSI TIPHON and ITU-T/SG2 position
• The telephony service (E.105) is technology
  independent
• IP telephony is an extension of the telephony
  service
• E.164 compatibility necessary for an any-to-any
  service
• What kind of E.164 numbers to use ?
• National geographic (and private)
• National non-geographic
• Global
• Yes, all of them, but
• Geographic Numbers require number portability
  from the beginning (signalling and regulatory
  problems)
• IP Phones are mobile and personal (they use
  identifiers)
• Provide service provider portability from the
  beginning
• How to optimize routing, but be technology
  independent?
• Solution use national and global personal
  numbers (UPT)

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UPT according to ITU-T F.852

• Merging circuit switched and IP-based voice
  services
• Global portable E.164 and E.168 UPT-Number e.g.
  878 878 000001234
• User Registration and profile modification from
  any terminal. The terminal may be either IP-based
  or SCN-based (access with globally unique UPTAC
  878 800)
• Receiving of incoming calls (InCalls) on any
  registered terminal from any terminal on a
  network capable of routing the call to the
  associated UPT-number.
• Placing of out-going calls (OutCalls) from any
  registered IP-based terminal charged to the
  UPT-user.
• Placing of single outgoing calls with follow-on
  from any registered SCN-based terminal charged to
  the UPT-user, if an UPTAC or a free-phone UPTAN
  is provided in the originating SCN-network.
• Personal User Agents provide voice box services
  (e.g. on non reachable) and additional
  supplementary services.

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Tiphon Resolution Capability (TRC)

• Purpose of TRC
• global service to resolve E.164 numbers to
  ContacIDs
• the ContacID is identifying the home domain of
  the user
• TRC may be used for all kinds of numbers
• national geographic numbers (e.g. LNP)
• national and international service numbers (e.g.
  freephone, UPT, etc.)
• The TRC consists of two parts
• administrative part
• administration of entries by authorities
  (policies) and providers, distribution of data to
  the real time part
• real-time part
• query in real time of ContactIDs related to
  numbers during call setup

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Registration on a circuit switched terminal
1 613 232 6880
1 (InCall)
1 613 232 6880
011 878 800
878 878 00000 1234
4321
2 (OutCall)
011 43 1 797 80 32
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OutCall of an UPT User
1 613 232 6880
43 1 797 80 32
878 878 00000 1234
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InCall to an UPT User
878 878 00000 1234
00 878 878 00000 1234
1 613 232 6880
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Road to global UPT Services

• Prerequisites for a global UPT service
• based on standards (ITU-T, ETSI TIPHON, etc.)
• interconnected IP Telephony domains to provide
  minimum level of QoS
• IP telephony gateways to circuit switched
  networks and proper routing
• global resolution capability (TRC)
• global administration and local issuing of
  numbers
• trust centers and certification authorities
• clearing houses for billing and accounting
• Core TEN TELECOM TIPHON (TTT) Services
• Common Service Definition based on TIPHON
  standards
• Trials and Pilots
• Opening of a pre-commercial service within

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ENUM Overview

• ENUM is part of series of technical initiatives
  underway in both the IETF and ITU to develop
  Internet Telephony Standards
• Call Setup H.323 SIP
• Quality of Service DIFFSERV INTSERV MPLS
• PSTN IP Interworking H.248/MEGACO
• FAX T.37 T.38 RFC 2503
• Mobile 3GPP related
• AND naming and addressing
• ENUM is about new service creation
• ENUM is about convergence

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ENUM / DNS Directory Service

• Put telephone numbers into the global Domain Name
  System DNS
• ENUM WG formed and operates within in the
  Internet Engineering Task Force
• Core protocol work completed - RFC2916
• RFC2916 defines the use of DNS resource records
  to find optional
• E-mail addresses
• Voice over IP SIP / H.323 servers
• Voice Mail servers
• Fax Machines
• New and yet undefined services !

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How Does ENUM Work?

• Take a fully qualified E.164 telephone number and
  create a DNS entry in a single highly defined and
  structured domain.
• The search for resources on the internet
  associated with 1 202-533-2811 becomes a DNS
  look up to
• 1.1.8.2.3.3.5.2.0.2.1.e164.arpa
• The lookup finally retrieves pointers (NAPTR) to
  IP-based applications, e.g.
• IN NAPTR 10 10 "U" "sipE2U "!.!sipspam_at_paf.s
  e!"
• IN NAPTR 20 10 "U" "ldapE2U "!.!mailtospam_at_p
  af.se!"
• The client chooses the further action.

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RFC 2916

• ENUM is not about putting telephone numbers into
  any domain. It is specifically about putting
  E.164 numbers into e164.arpa ( a subtle
  distinction )
• From RFC2916
• The domain "e164.arpa" is being populated in
  order to provide the infrastructure in DNS for
  storage of E.164 numbers.
• This memo requests that the IANA delegate the
  E164.ARPA domain following instructions to be
  provided by the IAB. Names within this zone are
  to be delegated to parties according to the ITU
  recommendation E.164. The names allocated should
  be hierarchic in accordance with ITU
  Recommendation E.164, and the codes should
  assigned in accordance with that Recommendation.
• Private dialing plans can be accommodated in any
  domain.

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Why e164.arpa ?

• The e164.arpa domain was selected by the Internet
  Architecture Board specifically for this purpose
  with the concurrence of the ITU
• .ARPA is designated by the IAB for Internet
  Infrastructure issues
• in-addr.arpa (reverse IP address look up)
• .ARPA is a well managed, stable and secure
  operational environment under IAB supervision
• Single domain structure under e164.arpa becomes
  the authoritative root for E.164 telephone
  numbers

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Typical call flows PSTN - IP
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Typical call flows IP - PSTN
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ENUM - DNS Structure Hierarchy
e164.arpa RIPE NCC
Tier 0
Tier 1 Registry
0.8.7.9.7.1.3.4.e164.arpa
Tier 2 Service Registrar
NAPTR to sipstastny_at_prov.net
Tier 3 Application Service Provider
prov.net
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Applications
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What have ENUM and UPT in common?

• Both allow calls to terminate on SCN-based and
  IP-based terminals.
• Both use IP-based applications.
• Both allow the customer to select an E.164 number
  to be his main communication identifier.
• In case of ENUM this must be an already existing
  number, in case of UPT this is a new number.
• Both allow incoming calls to be forwarded to
  other applications and/or identities, although
  with different control mechanisms.

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What are the differences?

• UPT is controlled by the called party, with ENUM
  the calling user may actively select between
  variants.
• With UPT the calling user need not to be aware to
  call a UPT number, with ENUM the calling user
  actively need to choose to use ENUM. He also may
  need a special client or a network, which is ENUM
  aware.
• UPT currently is mainly envisaged for telephony
  services, although additional services may be
  added later. With ENUM, any IP-based application
  may be used, if the calling party is also
  IP-based or the network is ENUM-enabled.
• One main feature of UPT is the possibility to
  register on any terminal to receive incoming
  calls, another feature is the possibility to make
  outcalls from any terminal charged to the account
  of the user. This is not possible with ENUM.
• Even if the ENUM service provider (ESP, T2E) is
  providing a customer self-care interface for
  modifying the DNS entries, the possibilities are
  not very flexible and quite static. UPT is
  offering a more flexible concept with the
  Personal User Agent (PUA), e.g. filtering and
  screening of incoming calls.

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Conclusion

• Start with UPT and ENUM
• There is no need to generally favor one service
  above the other, this is up to the customer and
  his needs.
• Coexistence possible Enter UPT in ENUM, use ENUM
  as resolution capability and pointer to other
  non-voice services.
• and bring together the benefits of both
  solutions, thus enabling a smooth migration from
  UPT and ENUM to a UCI PUA based service
• The UPT number and the UCI numeric string can be
  compatible, allowing the PUA to be reached and
  used from the fixed telephony network.
• The user profile, unified cross messaging and the
  customer self care services used for the UPT
  service may act as a starting point for the
  services envisaged for the PUA.
• Identification, authentication and authorisation
  used for the UPT Services and the certification
  authorities (trust centers) within the VISIONng
  infrastructure (PKI) may serve as a base for the
  requested trusted communications.

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The End

• Thank You for Your Attention
• Questions ?